【作者】 高晓旭；

【导师】 常心坦；

【作者基本信息】 西安科技大学 ， 矿业工程， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 煤矿井下是一个复杂多变的人-机-环境-管理系统。本论文运用4M(人-机-环境-管理)系统理论,以煤矿人、机、环境、管理四个单要素和系统整体为研究对象,对煤矿本质安全的评价和持续改进开展了系统分析和研究。在人的行为理论分析基础上,讨论了人失误的产生原因及其导致事故的模式,研究了人失误的辨识技术和控制方法;利用可靠性原理,建立了人员可靠性分析公式和人本质安全评价的指标体系。用模糊综合评价方法实现了对陕西黄陵一号煤矿的人模糊安全性分析,提出了实现人的本质安全的具体途径和方法。对设备进行了人机工程学分析,利用可靠性原理建立了设备可靠性串并联模型,建立了设备本质安全评价的指标体系。在此基础上对黄陵一号煤矿601工作面设备数据进行分析,提出了提高煤矿设备本质安全水平的方法和措施。在将煤矿井下环境归类为作业环境和地质环境的基础上,对影响作业环境和地质环境的各个要素展开了定性和定量分析,并利用模糊数学原理构建模糊隶属函数,建立了环境本质安全评价的指标体系,对黄陵一号煤矿601工作面的噪声、粉尘等环境参数展开的检测和分析,揭示了作业环境系统的危险所在,为该矿环境系统改善和个人防护提供指导,并提出了实现煤矿环境本质安全的方法和措施。根据职业健康安全管理原理,以国家本质安全管理体系为指导,从危险源辨识、风险评价、风险控制等方面对煤矿进行了深入的分析评价,提出了针对危险源的管理标准和管理措施,提出了风险预控的应用框架和具体措施,结合职业健康安全管理体系的17个要素,建立了煤矿本质安全管理体系,阐述了煤矿企业安全文化建设的要点和途径,从人身伤害与损失、教育培训、本质安全管理体系、安全措施、基本管理、应急救援、企业安全文化等7个要素出发,建立起煤矿管理本质安全评价的指标体系,利用层次分析方法展开评价分析,从而有效辨识系统薄弱环节,为管理者提供辅助决策支持。根据人-机-环境-管理四个子要素建立了煤矿本质安全评价指标体系,并以陕西黄陵一号煤矿为研究对象,利用BP和小波神经网络评价模型展开分析研究,发现了煤矿本质安全建设的不足,进而提出改进措施,促进了企业安全的持续改进。创建本质安全煤矿是对现有安全管理模式和煤矿安全质量标准化工作的发展和升华。本论文研究将煤矿本质安全这一安全管理的新理念系统化,应用于煤矿现场,以期为煤矿企业的安全管理提供理论依据及技术支持,有效推进为提高煤矿安全生产水平所做的全方位努力,最终实现煤矿的本质安全目标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Coal mines are man-machine-environment composed systems with complex structure. Based on the theory of 4M (man,machine,environment,management), relevant elements of coal mines are studied , leading to feasible principles for application of the Intrinsic safety concept to coal mines.Based on the theory of human behavior, the causes of human errors and accident patterns were discussed, and identification techniques and control methods of human errors are studied, and the Man Assessment Index Model of Intrinsic safety is founded. Through the analysis and evaluation of human reliabilityon the basis of the Fuzzy Synthesis Analysis Method, the data of the working force in working face 601 of The No.1 HuangLin Coal Mine is investigated and analysed.Through ergonomics analysis and reliability analysis, Machine Assessment Index Model is founded, which is further adopted in the application of man-machine engineering theory to coal mines in order to assure the Intrinsic safety of machinery. The data on the machinery of working face 601 in the No.1 HuangLin Coal Mine was studied.The environment of coal mines, being classified as working environment and geological environment, is investigated to reveal the impacts put on by various factors of coal mines. By carrying out the analysis on factors of occupational safety, the Environment Assessment Index Model was founded, and the relevant measures for the Intrinsic safety of coal mine environment are put forward.Based on the principles of occupation health and safety management and the System of National Industrial Safety Management, the hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control in coal mines are studied, and the standards of hazard management and risk control measures are proposed. The Management Assessment Index Model covering the whole series of major influencial factors is founded. AHP method is applied to evaluate the culturial environment of intrinsic safety in coal mines, thus provides an important assistance in decision making.As the system of man-machine-environment-management being thoroughly studied, an overall Evaluation Index System of coal mines is put forward. With the theory of Back Propagation Neural Networks and the Wavelet Neural Networks, the Assessment Model is thus established. The research on the sustainable safety in the No.1 Hangling Coal Mine of Shaanxi Province leads to the establishment of the Intrinsic Safety Management System, and the the evaluation model verification.The concept of Intrinsic Safety in coal mines safety management is a new ideology, which will greatly promote the improvement of safety management and safety control standard in coal mines to build a safer and more productive industry.更多还原