【作者】 张志华；

【导师】 侯恩科； 赵晓光；

【作者基本信息】 西安科技大学 ， 地质工程， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 “数字矿山”的科学研究和技术攻关是当前地矿领域的一个重要研究方向,矿山三维巷道网络模型的构建与空间分析则是数字矿山的重要研究内容,其研究成果对“数字矿山”理论方法研究、矿产资源勘查、矿山决策管理、矿山安全生产与矿山救援等具有重要意义。在矿山三维巷道网络模型构建的数据模型方面,采用面向对象的方法,研究提出了一种新的适合矿山三维巷道网络模型构建和路径分析的数据模型。该数据模型将矿山巷道网络抽象为点、弧段、特征连接线、巷道断面、基础面元、半巷道体、简单巷道体、复杂巷道体、复合巷道体以及线、面等11个对象类型,其中半巷道体是构成巷道模型的关键体元。通过对这些对象类型之间拓扑关系的分析,给出了该数据模型相对应的数据结构。在矿山三维巷道网络模型的构建方法方面,以所提出的三维数据模型和数据结构为基础,研究提出了一种新的基于半巷道构模的方法——对称建模法,采用双结点定向法和中点插值法解决了简单巷道和相交复杂巷道体模型的无缝连接问题,采用拱顶统一高度法解决了急弯曲拱形巷道拱顶开裂问题,研究了梯形巷道与拱形巷道的连接建模方法以及立井与上下平巷、立井与三平巷、立井与地面的集成建模方法,实现了复杂矿山巷道三维网络模型的构建。在矿山巷道网络模型的路径分析方面,以图论方法为基础,将巷道网络抽象成结点-弧段图,研究了巷道网络的连通性分析方法,给出了适合缓倾斜矿床开采巷道网络的单源最短路径分析和点对间最短路径分析方法,并针对急倾斜矿床开采巷道网络的最短路径分析问题,提出了一种新的基于分层的最短路径分析方法,即在合理分层的基础上利用二叉堆最短路径算法进行最短路径分析的方法,进而研究给出了双源最佳路径分析、必经结点最佳路径和存在障碍的最佳路径分析方法,为矿山生产和井下救援决策提供了技术支持。以Window XP为平台,以MS Visual C++6.0为开发工具,借助OpenGL图形函数包,设计开发了矿山巷道三维网络模型的构建与路径分析实验系统,并以凤县银母寺铅锌矿和黄陵矿业一号煤矿为例,对实验系统进行了应用研究,验证了上述几方面研究成果的实用性和有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Currently,“Digital Mine”is an important research direction of science and technology in the field of geology and mineral resources. Three-dimensional network modeling of mine tunnel and its spatial analysis is important research content. It is significant that the researches are on the theory studies of“digital mine”, mineral resources exploration, mining decision-making management, mine production and mine safety etc.On the data model of 3D tunnel network construction in the mine, by using object-oriented approach, the paper put forward a new data model which is suitable for the model construction of 3D tunnel network and path analysis. According to new data model, tunnel network is abstracted as 11 object types: point, arc, feature connected line, tunnel section, basic surface, half-tunnel, simple tunnel, complicated tunnel, complex tunnel, line and surface. Half-tunnel is the key volume element to build the tunnel model. Based on the analysis of topological relationship among above objects, the corresponding data structures of 3D tunnel model were given. On the construct method of 3D tunnel network model, a new method of tunnel modeling, which named symmetric modeling method, was put forward on the basis of proposed 3D data model and data structure. As for seamless integration of the models between simple tunnel and intersect complicated tunnel, directed method of double nodes and midpoint interpolation method were proposed. In order to solve the problem that the two corresponding half-tunnels would crack at sharp turning, the uniform height method on section arch was put forward. Simultaneously, in order to connect inner with each other, the paper studied the method of modeling between trapezoidal tunnel and arch tunnel, the method of intersection modeling between the shaft and two horizontal tunnels, the method of intersection modeling between the shaft and three horizontal tunnels, and conjunction modeling method between the shaft and ground surface. On the aspect of path analysis of tunnel network model, the paper abstracted the tunnels network into the node-arc map of graph theory, the method of connectivity analysis was researched, combined with the existing path analysis algorithm of single-source shortest path analysis and all-pairs shortest path analysis, a new shortest path analysis, which was based on hierarchy, adopt to solve shortest path analysis on tunnel network of steep deposit exploitation. Namely, on the foundation of reasonable levels, using binary heap shortest path algorithm to solve, and then, the new algorithm was applied into three kinds of optimal path analysis methods: the optimal path analysis with two sources, the optimal path analysis with necessary nodes, the optimal path analysis with barriers, and their concrete implementation steps were given. It will provide technical support and aided decision-making for mine production and tunnel rescue.With Windows XP as the platform, MS Visual C++6.0 as development tools, using OpenGL graphics package for the graphic processing function display tools, the experimental system of three-dimensional tunnel network modeling and its path analysis was designed and developed. Yin Mu Si lead-zinc mine as example of metal mine and 1st coal mine of Huang Ling coal mining as instance of non-metallic mine, the experimental system was tested, It is shown that the paper verifies the practicality and effectiveness of research.更多还原