【作者】 苏培莉；

【导师】 谷拴成；

【作者基本信息】 西安科技大学 ， 岩土工程， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 注浆技术是一项实用性强、应用范围广的工程技术,尤其在岩土加固工程中应用更广,已成为改善岩土体结构及性能,提高岩土体自承载能力的有效途径之一。由于注浆工程的隐蔽性和现场煤岩体裂隙分布的复杂性,使得注浆技术的发展还很不成熟,注浆设计和施工存在一定的盲目性,现场缺乏一种手段来预测浆液的扩散范围。注浆材料的研究是注浆技术中不可缺少的部分,其物理性能和结石体的力学性能是影响浆液渗透效果和加固效果的重要因素。本文分析和总结了目前注浆理论、注浆材料、注浆方法研究现状和存在问题的基础上,对以下几个方面展开了较深入的研究,主要有:⑴考虑裂隙煤岩体在注浆压力作用下浆液的扩散过程,应用弹性理论和断裂力学理论研究了裂隙煤岩体钻孔孔壁破裂、裂纹萌生和扩展过程,为裂隙煤岩体浆液流动模拟注浆起始点的确定提供了理论依据;⑵在结构面产状、粗糙度、开度、迹长、结构面表面形态进行系统研究的基础上,抓住影响浆液扩散最主要的因素,建立了考虑流核和流量时宾汉浆液在单一裂隙内部的流动扩散模型;⑶通过裂隙尖端注浆扩展过程的实际分析,考虑在地应力和注浆压力作用下裂隙尖端附近的应力场分布规律,推导出了压剪和拉剪状态下裂隙尖端的应力强度因子,并给出了裂隙扩展准则、扩展方向以及扩展长度的确定方法,为压力浆液在非贯通裂隙网络内部的流动扩散规律研究奠定了基础。⑷以注浆孔壁围岩劈裂分析、浆液在单一裂隙内部的渗流规律以及注浆对裂隙尖端的劈裂影响分析为基础,应用FORTRAN语言编制了浆液流动模拟程序GROUT.FOR,模拟浆液在非贯通裂隙网络内的流动扩散范围,为今后煤岩体注浆工程数字化设计提供了科学依据。⑸对于裂隙煤岩体注浆工程来说,注浆材料的性能,包括浆材颗粒度的大小、浆液的流动性以及稳定性等强烈影响着浆液在煤岩体中的渗流规律和渗透效果,浆液材料性能不同,其渗流作用机理也不尽相同,渗透效果差异也较大。针对现有各种浆液存在的缺陷,特别是柠条塔煤矿H2S气体的赋存严重影响大巷的安全生产且现场煤体本身活性直接影响浆液在非贯通裂隙网络流动的稳定性,通过室内实验配制了一种复合浆液,以提高浆液的稳定性,减小柠条塔煤矿H2S气体浓度,降低注浆成本,保证良好的渗透效果。⑹将研究成果应用于陕煤集团陕北柠条塔煤矿注浆加固工程中,实现了浆液流动扩散的仿真模拟,优化复合浆液保证了良好的注浆效果,有效降低了现场H2S气体的浓度,巷道稳定性评价结果显示注浆后围岩加固效果良好,取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 Grouting, as a high practicable and widely applied technology, especially in reinforcement project of rock and soil masses, has become an effective way to improve structure, performance and bearing capacity of rock and soil masses. Due to grouting engineering belonging to hidden project and the fracture distribution of coal-rock masses in-situ is complex, the development of it is un-mature so far, and it’s short of a method to predict the pentration scope of grouts. Research of grouting material plays a significant role in the technology of grouting, whose physical peformance and mechanical peformance of the calulus body are most important factors that influence the grouts penetration and consolidating effect. Based on the analysis and summary of present researches and existing preblems of grouting theories, grouting materials and grouting methods, deep researches were carried out and the main work is as follow:⑴Considering pentration process of grouts in coal-rock masses under grouting pressure, the wall of bore-hole breaks, the crack conceiving and expanding process were analized by using the theory of mechanics of elasticity and fracture, which provides the theory basis for grouting initiation point determiantion of grouting flowing in jointed coal-rock masses.⑵Based on systematical research of orientation, harshness, aperture, trace and configuration of structure surface, the Bingham flowing model in sigle fracture was set up with considering the plug flow region and inlet grouting low volume rate through seizing main factors that affects grouting penetration.⑶Through real analysis of grouting expending process of fracture tip and considerations of stress field distribution rule around fracture tip under the action of ground stress and grouting pressure, the stress intensity factor of fracture tip at the state of ompressive-shear and tensile-shear conditions were induced, and fracture expending criterion, orientation and length were given, which establish the basis for analysis of pressure grouts flowing in intermittent fractured network.⑷Take splitting analysis of surrounding rock of bore-hole wall, grouts flowing law in single facture and grouting splitting impact on fracture tip as basis, FORTRAN language was used to produce the grouts flowing simulation program GROUT.FOR which can simulate the grouts flowing scope in intermittent fractured network. It provides science basis for later digitization design of grouting projects of coal-rock masses.⑸As for grouting projects of fractured coal-rock masses, the grouting materials performance including grainness size, flowability and stability of grouts and so on influence intensely the grouts pemeation pattern and results in coal-rock masses. When the performance of grouting materials is different, the seepage mechanism is also not completely identical and the permeation results is various too. According to the deficiency of grouts nowadays, especially existence of H2S affects the safety in production seriously and the activity of coal influences directly grouts flowing stability in intermittent fracturd network of grouting project in Ningtiaota Coal Mine, the compound grouts was made up through laboratory test in order to improve the grouts stability, to decrease the concentration of H2S, reduce the grouting cost and guatantee the penetration effect.⑹Applying researches all above to the grouting reinforcement project in Ningtiaota Coal Mine of Shaanxi Coal Corp., the grouts flowing enmulation simulation was realized and use of optimize compound grouts ensured the fine grouting effect and decrease the concentration of H2S. The tunnel stability estimation demonstrates that the reinforcemnet of surrounding rock is well and achieves remarkable economic and social benefits.更多还原