【作者】 张洪杰；

【导师】 何学秋； 王恩元；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学 ， 安全技术及工程， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 煤炭是我国重要的基础能源,在国民经济中具有重要的战略地位。当前我国煤矿安全生产形势依然严峻,近年来煤矿事故总量虽呈下降趋势,但重特大事故仍时有发生。为了分析我国煤矿企业事故发生的深层次原因,掌握我国煤矿安全生产的主要影响因素,评价煤矿企业的安全程度,促进我国煤矿安全生产形势根本好转,本文以系统理论、控制理论、事故致因理论为指导,综合运用安全工程学、安全管理学、统计学等系统工程的原理和方法,对煤矿企业安全风险系统的结构特点、影响因素、作用机制进行了系统分析;建立了我国煤矿安全风险综合评价的指标体系,并分别构建了基于安全风险指数的煤矿风险综合评价模型及基于熵权法和灰色关联分析的煤矿安全综合评价模型;以淮北矿业集团宿县矿区的4个煤矿为研究对象,运用煤矿风险综合评价模型和煤矿安全综合评价模型评估煤矿的安全程度;架构了煤矿安全生产保障体系,并进行了实际应用研究。研究结果对于寻求搞好煤炭企业安全生产的科学对策,促进我国煤炭行业安全生产形势的根本好转具有十分重要的理论和现实意义。主要研究成果如下:(1)基于安全的相关理论,对安全风险系统、安全风险指数等概念进行了重新定义,界定了安全风险系统的研究范围。分析了目前我国煤矿企业常用的职业安全健康管理体系、本质安全化、安全标准化等安全管理模式理论的优点与不足,为后文建立适用于我国的煤矿安全风险综合评价指标体系奠定基础。(2)深入分析了煤矿安全风险系统的特点,确定了我国煤矿安全风险系统的主要影响因素,并将这些风险因素按照固有风险、人员、设备、环境、管理、技术装备保障六个方面进行分类、提炼、合并和综合,分析了各因素之间的相互作用关系。按照煤矿安全风险指标体系设计的基本原则,采用专家分析、现场调研等方法构建了我国煤矿安全风险综合评价指标体系,包括煤矿固有安全风险指标体系、人员安全风险指标体系、设备安全风险指标体系、环境安全风险指标体系、管理安全风险指标体系、技术装备保障风险指标体系、事故及职业危害指标体系共七大指标体系。(3)根据煤矿安全生产风险系统影响因素的特点、国家法律法规、行业标准等,结合对现场调研以及专家咨询,定义了各安全风险指标的含义,并将指标量化。煤矿安全风险指标体系是衡量煤矿企业安全管理工作成效的量化了的标杆,直接体现了企业安全管理全过程的实际情况。(4)构建了基于安全风险指数的煤矿风险综合评价模型,运用层次分析法确定了各个指标的权重,利用建立的评价样本和参数矩阵,对模型进行了实证分析,对淮北矿业集团宿州矿区的4个煤矿的综合风险指数进行了综合排序,芦岭矿的综合风险指数最大,其次为桃园矿和祁南矿,朱仙庄矿综合风险指数最低,安全性最好。(5)构建了基于熵权法和灰色关联分析的煤矿安全综合评价模型,运用灰色关联分析确定各个指标的关联度,运用熵权法确定各指标的均衡度,利用建立的评价样本和参数矩阵,对模型进行了实证分析,得出淮北矿业集团宿州矿区的4个煤矿的安全程度,并进行了综合排序。排序结果表明,朱仙庄矿的安全度最高,其次为祁南矿,再次为桃园矿和芦岭矿。比较分析了两个综合评价模型计算的结果,评价结果表现出较好的一致性,反映了各个矿井安全程度的优劣。两种模型均适用于局部动态、变权、多属性、非线性特征的煤矿安全风险综合评价工作,能够反映矿井的实际安全状况。(6)根据煤矿安全风险综合评价结果,提出了从政策法规支撑、人力资源保障、安全生产技术装备保障、应急救援保障及煤矿安全信息化建设等方面采取措施,架构了我国煤矿安全生产保障体系,并以淮北矿业集团为例进行了实际应用研究。煤矿安全生产保障体系的建设,对尽快扭转我国煤矿安全生产的被动局面具有十分重要的意义。该论文有图16幅,表28个,参考文献229篇。更多还原

【Abstract】 Coal is an important basic energy and raw material in our country, and occupies an important strategic position in the national economy. The present situation of safety production is still severe in domestic coal mines that the total amount of coal mine accidents is still high and great accidents occur frequently. Therefore, in order to find out the deep-rooted causes of this situation of domestic coal mine, grasp the main factors affecting coal mine safety production and estimate the security level of corporate。This paper deeply analyzed the characteristics, composition, mainly affecting factors and the interaction mechanism of domestic coal mine safety risk system by comprehensively using the thinking and method of system engineering such as safety engineering, safety management, statistical theory etc and based on system theory, control theory, accident-causing theory. The index system of comprehensive evaluation in domestic coal mine was established and the risk comprehensive evaluation model on the basis of the index system was constructed as well as the safety comprehensive evaluation model based on entropy method and gray correlation analysis. By taking four coal mines of Huaibei Mining Group as the research objects, the risk comprehensive evaluation model and the safety comprehensive evaluation model were applied to estimate the level of coal mine, at the same time, put forwarding the corresponding safety production system for domestic coal mine which was applied. The research has very important theoretical and practical significance for the coal mine to seek a good scientific measure to improve work safety situation and bring about a thorough change.The main research results are as follows:(1) The theory and methods of safety risk comprehensive evaluation for coal mine were researched systematically. Based on the safety-related theory, risk assessment theory, risk management theory, safety production index theory and accident-causing theory, the concept of coal mine safety risk system, safety risk index etc were studied systematically. The references were provided for the coal mine safety risk comprehensive assessment through analyzing security risk management theory commonly used in domestic coal mine.(2) The characteristics of coal mine safety risk system were analyzed deeply. Then, the main influence factors of security risk of coal mine were determined which were classified, refined, combined and integrated according to six different aspects of inherent risk, personnel, equipment, environment, management and mine hazard source. Meanwhile, the interactions among the factors were analyzed. According to the basic design principles of coal mine safety risk index system, safety risk index system of domestic coal mine was established by using expert analysis, on-site research and other methods, which included the following seven index systems, they were the inherent security risks indexes of mine, personnel security risk indexes, equipment safety risk indices system, environmental safety risk indices, management security risk indices, hazard sources risk indices and accidents and occupational hazard indices.(3) According to the characteristics of influence factors of coal mine safety risk system, the national laws and regulations, industry standards and so on, the meaning of the security risk indicators were defined with on-site research and expert consultation, which were lying a foundation for the quantitative analysis of safety risk indices later.(4) The risk comprehensive evaluation model of coal mine based on the safety risk indices was constructed and the weights of each index were determined by using hierarchy analysis method. The empirical analysis of the model was made by using the evaluation samples and parameter matrix, and security risk of four coal mines in Huaibei Mining Group were synthetically commented which showed the comprehensive risk index of Luling mine was the highest followed by Taoyuan mine and Qinan mine, the comprehensive risk index of Zhuxianzhuang mine was the lowest, the best security.(5) The safety risk comprehensive evaluation model of coal mine was constructed based on entropy method and gray relational analysis, and then the correlation of indexes was determined by gray relational analysis and the equilibrium degree of each index was obtained by entropy method. The empirical analysis of the model was made based on the evaluation samples and parameter matrix gaining the safety degree of four mines in Huaibei Mining Group. After conducting a comprehensive sort, the result indicated that safety degree of Zhuxianzhuang Mine was the highest, after that Qinan Mine, then Taoyuan Mine and Luling Coal Mine.The calculation results of comparative analysis between two evaluation model was made, and the result showed that comprehensive evaluation had a better consistency which indicated the advantage and disadvantage of safety degree of the various mines. As a result, both models were able to reflect the actual security situation in the mine and be applied to comprehensive evaluation of the coal mine safety risk with local dynamics, variable weights, multi-attribute and non-linear characteristics.(6) According to the results of coal mine safety risk evaluation, the measures should be taken from the different aspects of the policies and regulations of coal mine safety production, security system of human resources, s security system of safety production technology and equipment, security system of emergency rescue and security system of safety information and so on, to build coal mine security system of safe production, and take a mine as an example. The security system of safe production in coal mine has an great significance for reversing the passive situation of safety production in domestic coal mine as soon as possible.更多还原