【作者】 陈龙高；

【导师】 陈龙乾；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学 ， 地图制图学与地理信息工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 土地利用规划环境影响评价(Land Use Planning Environmental Assessment,LUPEA)不仅是学术界研究的热点,而且对于区域土地利用规划和社会经济和环境的可持续发展具有重要的实践意义,该研究对于指导和辅助编制当前我国正在进行的土地利用总体规划修编工作具有重要的作用。本文通过LUPEA内涵的界定,研究土地利用规划环境影响评价对象的时空范围与边界确定方法,建立基于状态框架和GIS的土地利用规划环境影响多时态评价基本理论与方法。构建了基于状态框架和GIS的土地利用规划环境影响动态评价模型,并开展了区域土地利用规划环境影响评价实证研究与分析。(1) LUPEA是指在土地利用规划编制及实施过程中,在进行环境现状分析评价的基础上,对规划实施后环境质量的变化进行多时态的动态分析、预测与评价,并与土地利用的生态环境现状进行比较,综合评判土地利用规划的实施对环境的有利或不利影响,进而提出评价结果与建议的过程。其评价对象为拟议或正在执行的土地利用规划实施对环境的可能影响,并具有空间的扩展性和时间的多时态性。(2)状态为事物表现出来的形态,指物质系统所处的状况,可由一组特征量来表征。构建了基于状态基本概念的分析框架。以状态框架为基础,建立了基于状态框架的土地利用规划环境影响评价基本模型。土地利用规划环境影响评价是多时态的,建立了多时态土地利用规划环境影响评价方法。(3)利用高斯模型结合土地利用对大气的影响分析,建立了土地利用大气长期多源污染扩散模型模拟大气污染物的浓度分布;利用DEM提取流域的思路,结合污染物零维扩散的基本原理,构建了基于DEM的流域水污染扩散模拟方法;以遥感和GIS等空间信息技术为支持,完成敏感性分区工作并与土地利用规划图进行叠加,实现了基于敏感性分区的土地利用规划空间布局环境影响的初步评价。(4)通过土地利用对环境各组分影响的量化估计与预测,依据LUPEA动态评价的思路,对土地利用规划环境影响进行多时态评价与分析,实现土地利用规划环境影响评价的各时段成果以及基于时空的直观显示。最后,论文建立了邹城市LUPEA的模型并明确了相应的指标体系,在RS、GIS空间信息技术和Matlab环境的支持下,完成了邹城市土地利用规划环境影响评价实证分析,并提出了邹城市土地利用规划方案和环境减缓措施调整的基本原则。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a hot research topic, Land Use Planning Environmental Assessment (LUPEA) has great practical significance not only for the drawing of local Land Use Planning and sustainable development of society and environment, but guiding the drawing of local Land Use Overall Planning in China.With the redefinition of LUPEA and the space-time range of LUPEA object, this thesis, based on State-Impact-State (SIS) framework and spatial information technologies, developed theories and methods of Land Use Planning Environmental multi time assessment, hence, constructed the Land Use Planning Environmental dynamic assessment model, and launched empirical research and analysis of regional LUPEA .(1) LUPEA could be described as a procedure including analyzing and evaluating of current environment quality, dynamically analyzing, forecasting and evaluating of environment changes due to Land Use Planning implementation, judging advantageous or disadvantageous impact on environment quality and putting forward assessment conclusions and advice, whose object was specified as potential environmental impact of Land Use Planning implementation with spatial expansibility and periodic multi time states.(2) With description of object state through a batch of eigenvector, the State-Impact-State (SIS) framework was constructed. More the LUPEA model based on the SIS framework was set up. Because of spatial expansibility and periodic multi time states in LUPEA, the multi time states LUPEA method was established as well.(3) Using improved Gauss diffusing model base on the land use environmental long-term impact, multi-sources diffuse density simulating method on GIS technology in atmospheric pollutant spatial density simulating accomplished the accumulation and superposition analysis. Water Pollution diffuse density simulating method based on Drainage basin extracted from DEM was put forward with the support of GIS technologies and drainage area extraction from DEM. The thesis studied the land use environmental sensitive zoning method based on the RS and GIS technology as well. The rationality of Land Use Planning spatial layout could be measured with the help of the superposition of the environmental sensitive zoning map and the Land Use Planning map.(4) Through the spatial density estimation of individual factors impact by land use multi-time phase evaluation and analysis, LUPEA was carried out with the help of dynamic assessment, and interval results of LUPEA based on space-time were finally able to be displayed intuitionistically.Finally, taking Zoucheng County’s Land Use Planning as an example to evaluate the environmental impact based on the theories and methods dissertated above, this thesis proposed the fundamental principles of Land Use Planning project adjustment and Environmental mitigation measures.更多还原