【作者】 梁毕明；

【导师】 王德勇；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 作为国民经济基础产业的农业正经历着传统向现代农业的转化,党中央把“三农”问题放置于我国经济社会发展的“重中之重”,而且坚定农业是永不衰退、不断推陈出新的基础产业的根本发展方向,自2004年至2010年,中央连续七年中央一号文件目标直击“三农”。2010年的一号文件再次明确:提高农业生产经营组织化程度。推动家庭经营向采用先进科技和生产手段的方向转变,推动统一经营向发展农户联合与合作,形成多元化、多层次、多形式经营服务体系的方向转变;为农民提供便捷高效、质优价廉的各种专业服务。支持龙头企业提高辐射带动能力,增加农业产业化专项资金,扶持建设标准化生产基地,建立农业产业化示范区。农业上市公司18年的成长历程,成绩是有目共睹的、显著的、喜人的,发挥着农业产业化进程的龙头带领作用,但不容忽视的是我国农业上市公司成长严重不足的窘境,存在着成长中的“自然烦恼”:公司治理结构仍不规范、信息披露质量较差、农业的背农经营及转型投资等问题。对于研究农业上市公司成长性问题,首先是农业上市公司作为高级的农业企业组织形式,中国农业现代化和农业竞争的国际化寄予着农业上市公司的成长,通过敏感的市场触角:信息化、多样化,引领农业横向和纵深发展,将市场需求信息反馈给种养业,刺激、拉动农民的生产热情,且会因丰富的原材料刺激加工业,专业性大型农贸市场由此也会发育起来。其次是随着入世后的全面开放,全球化、国际化发展趋势下现代企业成长的要求,对于农业上市公司的发展显得极为迫切。最后就是在农业产业化的进程中,基本特征就是以市场为导向、以“公司+农户”的产业化组织形式成为产业化组织经营模式,产业化需要龙头企业、现代企业管理模式的运作实体,农业上市公司从农业整体发育贫瘠的土壤里脱颖而出,作为现阶段先进农业生产力的企业组织代表,在传统农业向现代农业的长期嬗变过程中,担负着实践农业产业政策、科技兴农、旗帜模范的排头兵。同时农业上市公司发展好坏,直接体现了我国农业的发展状况,决定了我国未来农业产业化发展方向。本文的研究目的是要通过规范和实证研究,对农业上市公司成长的影响因素做出主成分提取和判定,并在企业成长理论、生命周期理论的基础上,把农业上市公司看作是有生命的有机体,分析在各个成长阶段的特征,实现协同成长和衰退期的蜕变选择,从而希望力图争取农业上市公司的较强成长力。本文的研究思路是从我国农业上市公司现状出发,分析经营规模、数量和资本状况等,找出在农业上市公司成长中较为普遍的问题:整体板块数量不足、多元经营成长、核心竞争力弱,对政府补贴依赖过度、“背农”问题严重、科技创新力严重不足和公司治理不规范等。与选择特殊行业:房地产行业、金融行业、IT行业以及电信业的特征比较,分析在这些领域里高成长原因、竞争状况的行业优势,力求寻找农业的近似或可相仿的行业特征,比如行业关联度高、行业壁垒管制、享受政府补贴等特征,挖掘出农业上市公司的优势或影响劣势,找出“农”的前进动力,坚定“农”的旗帜方向,并探索农业上市公司的成长路径和方式。进而在企业成长理论和已有研究成果基础上,分析影响农业上市公司成长的定性影响因素:政府宏观政策、技术因素、管理因素、资本因素、企业家精神等。先通过研究农业上市公司成长性定量的财务数据,运用主成分分析法、多元相关回归等统计工具,对农业上市公司成长性进行实证判定,找出影响因素的表现形式,如规模因子、流动因子等。在解决农业上市公司成长问题时,在以生命周期理论为基础,把农业上市公司看作是有生命的有机体,进行生命周期的界定,寻找出在各阶段的协同成长以及衰退时期的蜕变成长。在不同的生命阶段有不同的生命特征,通过在不同阶段采取不同的路径和成长方式,力求实现各阶段的协同成长,通过蜕变,将企业的一个个生命周期衔接起来,跨越生命周期使农业上市公司实现强的成长性。本文的创新之处在于:一是将农业行业与其他产业典型行业的特征比较,因为要想找出农业上市公司其根本的成长动因,所处的行业在产业结构中有什么特征,尤其是行业比较下的,完全利于对农业上市公司的研究。在研究产业结构的文献中,有关于产业的比较,但肯定的是没有具体行业特征的比较。二是关于对农业上市公司生命周期阶段与阶段特征的协同研究,关于企业生命周期的研究和企业成长因素的协同研究都有理论研究,但二者的结合再融入行业中研究农业上市公司的成长,以及实现蜕变成长,这是本文力求的创新点。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a basic industry of agriculture and the national economy is undergoing a transformation of traditional to modern agriculture, the China place“three agriculture”on the economic and social development of China; and is never strong agricultural recession, continued to emerge the fundamental development of basic industries, From 2004 to 2010, the central file for seven years at the central goal of Live“three agriculture”. 2010 One file again clear: to increase agricultural production and management level of organization. Promote the use of technology in the family business to the direction of change and means of production, and promote the development of farmers to co-operating unity and cooperation, the formation of a diversified, multi-level, multi-service system for operating the direction of change; to provide farmers with convenient, quality and cheap a variety of professional services. Supporting leading enterprises to improve their driving ability of radiation to increase the special fund for agricultural industrialization, support the construction of standardized production base, the establishment of agricultural industrialization demonstration area.Agricultural listed companies 18 years of growth, success is obvious to all significant, welcome, play a process of agricultural industrialization leading leading role, but should not be overlooked is Chinese agricultural growth of the listed serious shortages, there is growing“natural trouble”: not regulate corporate governance, disclosure of poor quality, agricultural operations and restructuring of agricultural investment back problems. Growth of listed companies for the study of agricultural problems, first of all listed companies in agriculture as a senior agricultural business organization, Chinese agricultural modernization and internationalization of agricultural competition placed the growth of agricultural listed companies, by market-sensitive antennae: information technology, diversification , horizontal and depth to lead the development of agriculture, the market demand information feedback to the breeding industry, exciting and stimulating the production enthusiasm of farmers, and because of abundant raw material to stimulate the processing industry, professional development of large-scale farmers market this will be up. Second, with the full liberalization after WTO, globalization, international development trend of modern business growth requirements, listed companies for the development of agriculture becomes extremely urgent. The last is in the process of agricultural industrialization, the basic feature is a market-oriented“company + farmer”; as the organizational form of industrial organization as industrial business model, industry leading enterprise technology needs of modern enterprise management mode of operation of the entity, Agricultural Listed Companies from the overall development of agriculture and the soil poor stand out, as the agricultural productivity of the advanced stage of business organization representatives, in the traditional agriculture to modern long-term agricultural evolution process, responsible for the practice of agriculture and industrial policy, science and technology agriculture, flags exemplary pacesetters. At the same time the development of good and bad agricultural listed companies, directly reflects the development of agriculture in China, China determines the direction of future development of agricultural industrialization.This study aimed to standardize and empirical research on the impact of agricultural growth factors listed company to make principal component extraction and determination, and firm growth theory, based on the life-cycle theory, the agricultural life as listed company organisms, analysis of the characteristics of the various stages, to achieve coordinated growth and decline of the evolution of choice in the hope that listed companies trying to fight for strong agricultural growth force.This study ideas from the current situation of agricultural companies, analysis of business size, number and capital status, to identify listed companies in the agricultural growth of the more general problem: the insufficient number of overall plate, multiple business growth, the core competitiveness is weak, excessive dependence on government subsidies,“back agriculture”; serious, serious shortage of science and technology innovation and corporate governance are not standard. And select specific industries: real estate industry, financial industry, IT industry and compare the characteristics of the telecommunications industry to analyze the reasons for these high-growth areas, competition in the industry advantages and strive to find similar or comparable agricultural industry characteristics, such as industry associated with high, industry barriers to control access to government subsidies, dig out the advantage of agricultural listed companies or affect weakness, to find out“agricultural”; forward momentum, firm "agricultural”; banner directions, and explore the path of agricultural growth of listed companies and methods. Further growth in business theory and research results have been analyzed based on the impact of agricultural growth factors listed companies: the government’s macro policies, technical factors, management factors, and capital factors. For the study of agriculture and growth of the listed financial data, using principal component analysis, multiple correlation and regression and other statistical tools, agricultural growth of the listed Jinxing evidence determined to find out factors affecting the performance of forms, such as scale factor, flow factor. In solving the development problems of agricultural public company, the life cycle in order theory, the agricultural listed companies is a living organism as, life cycle of the define, looking out at all stages synergistic growth recession growth during the transformation. At different life stages have different life characteristics, taken at different stages by different pathways and growth mode, and strive to achieve the synergy of various stages of growth, through the transformation, the life cycle of enterprises link up one by one, across the life cycle of the agricultural market company to achieve strong growth.The innovation of this paper is: First, the agricultural industry and other industries more typical characteristics of the industry because of its listed companies in order to identify the agricultural growth of the fundamental causes, the industry in which there anything in the industrial structure, especially in industries under comparison is entirely beneficial to the agricultural public companies. Research literature in the industrial structure, more on the industry, but certainly no more industry-specific features. Second, listed companies on the agricultural stage of life cycle stages and characteristics of collaborative research, research on the business life cycle and enterprise growth factors have a theory of collaborative research, but the combination of the two re-integration into the industry of agricultural listed companies grow, and the achievement of transformation, and it is this strive for innovation.更多还原