【作者】 柳小波；

【导师】 孙豁然；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 资源信息与决策， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 在采矿工程中,矿岩散体流动的规律和仿真方法是矿业理论研究领域的重要研究方向,本文将随机介质理论和九块模型的思想有机的结合在一起,以矿岩散体为研究对象,分别建立了散体流动空位填充法和散体流动时空演化模型,很好的解决了不同粒径颗粒的流动问题和散体流动的时间过程因素,形成了崩落法放矿仿真系统和地表沉降仿真系统,取得了较满意的应用效果。论文首先通过研究九块模型流动规律,分析了矿石松散性与放出体之间关系和散体流动概率赋值模式,提出了新的概率赋值方式,即引入散体流动概率分析系数m,通过对参数m赋以不同的数值即可改变九块模型的概率分布,解决放出体的不同形态问题,这一方式大大简化了概率赋值过程,同时在此基础上研发了三维放矿仿真系统(SLS),并将该系统应用到放矿研究中,特别是对大间距理论、梅山铁矿放矿方式进行了仿真实验,取得比较满意的应用效果。其次,论文基于随机理论,结合力学判据,提出散体流动空位填充法,简化了散体之间的力学关系,为崩落矿岩流动规律的研究提供新的方法,该方法既考虑了散体流动的随机性,又考虑了散体之间的力学关系；所研发的二维放矿仿真系统(VFMS)的回收指标结果基本上与SLS系统相同,说明利用空位填充法模拟散体流动是可行的；最后,论文在研究九块模型和假定矿岩具有开尔文流变性质的前提下,建立了散体移动时空演化模型,很好的解决了冒落散体流动的时间空间关系,并给出具有时间因素α的空间散体移动的概率分布公式,给出反演估计α值的两种方法。所研发的地表沉降仿真系统应用到孟家岗铁矿采空区引起的地表沉降问题仿真实验中,仿真结果与力学软件comsol模拟的结果一致,说明了利用该系统进行地表沉降仿真实验是可行的。在国家开始进行数字矿山建设的趋势下,研发矿业软件是当前采矿研究工作者主要的工作内容,本文在理论研究的基础上,研发了三套仿真系统——崩落法放矿计算机仿真系统、基于空位填充法二维放矿仿真系统和地表沉降仿真系统,这些工作成果必将推动我国矿业软件的发展,为我国数字矿山建设中软件开发作出贡献。更多还原

【Abstract】 The mechanism and simulation method of rock ore granular flow is an important research direction in mining theoretical research. by combining the stochastic medium theory with the 9-block model, the void-filling method of granular flow and time-space evolution model of granular flow are proposed in the theses. They are able to solve the flow problems with different granularities and time factors of granular flow and have been used in stope-caving and ground subsidence simulations. Two simulation systems of ore-drawing and ground subsidence by combining the computer programming and graphics techniques have been developed and reported in the theses. So far, they have been successfully used in mining practiceFirst, the motion of the 9-block model and the assignment of its probability distribution are investigated. By considering the ore looseness different parameter m can be assigned to the 9-block model. Thus, the probability assignment can be greatly simplified and different recovery index can be obtained. Based on the 9-block model a 3-D ore draw simulation system(SLS) is developed. The system can be used in simulation experiment to obtain the relationships of structural parameters and recovery index as well as the ore draw mode to the recovery index with respect to ore draw step mixed rock. The simulation is in good coincidence with the practice.Second, considering on the drawbacks of the 9-block model a granular flow void-filling method is proposed based on the stochastic theory and mechanical criteria. This innovative method combines the merits of both the stochastic simulation and the discrete element method. A 2-D ore draw simulation system(VFMS) is developed based on the void filling method. Different structural parameters are taken in the simulation experiment. The results are in good coincidence with that obtained by the SLS simulation. It means that the void filling method can be used in granular flow simulation.Finally, based on the deep investigation of the 9-block model and the stochastic medium theory, by assuming that the ore rock has the Kelvin rheological property, a time space evolution model is established. This model can solve the time space problems involving caving loose body flow and also give the method determining the time factor and probability distribution. Two inversion methods of time factor evaluation are also given in the paper. Based on the time space evolution model of the granular movement, a ground subsidence simulation model is developed. This model has been used in the simulation experiment of ground subsidence caused by mine goaf in Mengjiagang iron mine. Important results have been obtained. It shows that this model is good for ground subsidence simulation.In the state calling of construction of numerical mines the research and development of the mining engineering software is the main task of mining researchers. Based on the theoretical research, three simulation systems, namely the computerized simulation system for caving ore drawing, the 2-D ore drawing simulation system based on the void filling method and the simulation system for ground subsidence prediction have been developed in the theses. It is believed that the research efforts reported in the theses will push forward the development of mining engineering software and will lay a fundament in the construction of numerical mines in our country.更多还原