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大豆维生素E含量的遗传分析及QTL定位
Genetic and QTL Analysis of the Content of Vitamin E in Soybean
【作者】 李海燕；
【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 林木遗传育种， 2010， 博士
【摘要】 通过对黑龙江省低维生素E含量品种合丰25和加拿大高维生素E含量品种Bayfield杂交得到了F2：7的144份重组自交系(RIL)群体作为实验材料。在三个地区即哈尔滨香坊区、呼兰区、绥化市,利用HPLC分别测得大豆种子中的维生素E的α-生育酚含量、γ-生育酚含量和δ-生育酚含量以及总VE的含量。分析了三个地区中大豆的农艺性状和α-生育酚、γ-生育酚和δ-生育酚含量及VE总含量间的相关性,以及利用主基因+多基因的混合遗传模型对单个世代的数量性状遗传组分进行分离,分析了大豆豆粉中的维生素E(α-生育酚、γ-生育酚、δ-生育酚)含量的遗传规律。利用多种生物软件对两年内能对亲本产生差异的引物的群体进行检测,构建了大豆维生素E的遗传连锁图谱,对大豆种子中αα-、γ-、δ-生育酚含量及VE总含量相关的QTL进行了定位,和对大豆的一般农艺性状进行的QTL分析,以及对大豆维生素E进行精细定位后在该区间对大豆维生素E进行分子标记辅助育种。本论文对大豆维生素E的测定及大豆维生素E的定位研究的主要结论如下：(1)利用HPLC对三个地区的大豆种子中的维生素E的α-、γ-和δ-生育酚的含量以及总VE的含量进行了检测。该方法简单方便,适合用于对大豆维生素E进行检测。比较三个地区的α-、γ-和δ-生育酚的含量以及总VE的含量可知,哈尔滨香坊区该地区的重组自交系群体的α-生育酚及维生素E总含量要高于呼兰区和绥化市两个地区的含量。大豆RIL群体中的农艺性状和蛋白质、脂肪含量与α-、γ-和δ-生育酚以及总VE含量存在一定的相关性。通过对大豆RIL群体中农艺性状和蛋白质、脂肪的含量进行筛选,可初步筛选出高维生素E的大豆品系,这对于培育高含量的维生素E的大豆品种具有重要的参考意义。(2)通过对大豆维生素E的遗传机制的研究,发现环境对α-生育酚含量有较大的影响,而环境对γ-和δ-生育酚的含量相对来说影响较少。(3)在三个地区中都能得到和大豆种子中α-、γ-、δ-生育酚及VE总含量相关的QTL。在Dlb连锁群上同时控制α-、γ-、δ-生育酚及VE总含量相关的QTL在三个地区同时被检测到,在N、A2和L三个连锁群上同时控制α-、γ-、δ-生育酚及VE总含量相关的QTL可在两个地区同时被检测到。(4)在N连锁群的Sat239-Satt022区间内对大豆维生素E进行精细定位,发现3个引物在亲本间具有多态性,它们把该区间划分为更小的区间,这对大豆维生素E的分子辅助育种是有帮助的。(5)检测了7个与大豆维生素E相关的主效QTLs位点。在sat239-satt022区间内可对大豆维生素E进行分子辅助育种。综合了各个农艺性状的指标,筛选出了6个产量及品质性状优良的高维生素E的大豆品系,其编号为4、54、104、114、122、135,其中参加区域试验1项。
【Abstract】 The Hefeng 25 variety with low seed VE content in Heilongjiang province and the Bayfield variety with high seed VE content in Canada were crossed.144 F2:7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were as materials. Theα、γ-andδ-tocopherol content and the total VE content were tested by HPLC in three places. The relativity were analysised between agronomic traits andα-、γ-andδ-tocopherolcontent and the total VE content of soybean in three places. The rules of inheritance of VE content (α-、γ-andδ-tocopherolcontent) in soybean powder were analysised by the major and multiple genes mixed genetic model. The genetic linkage mapping of soybean VE was constructed. The QTL were identified in theα-、γ-andδ-tocopherol content and the total VE content of soybean. And the QTL were identified in the agronomic traits in soybean. The interval of the QTL was fine QTL. The soybean variety was marker-assisted selected in the interval of the QTL was refined QTL. The results were as follows:1. Theα、γ-andδ-tocopherol content and the total VE content were tested in three places by HPLC. The method was simple and fit to test the VE content. Compare theα-、γ-andδ-tocopherol content and the total VE content in three places. The results were that a-tocopherol content and the total VE content in Haerbin were higher than those of the VE content in Hulan and Suihua.There were the relativity between the agronomic traits and protein, fat and theα-、γ-andδ-tocopherol content and the total VE content of soybean. It was significance that the VE variety was cultivated by screening the agronomic traits and protein, fat.2. Theα-tocopherol content was affected better than the y-and 8-tocopherol content by the environment by the genetic mechanism of vitamin E in the soybean.3. The QTL were identified in theα-、γ-andδ-tocopherol content and the total VE content of soybean seeds. The linkage group of the D1b was found in the three places. The linkage groups of the N, A2 and L were found in the two places.4. The fine QTL of soybean vitamin E was identified in the interval between the Sat239 and the Satt022 on the N linkage group. The polymorphism that was the primers was found in parents. It was valuable to divide the interval into little interval to the MAS.5. There were seven major QTLs about vitamin E in soybean. MAS related vitamin E in soybean was carried out in the intervals between the sat239 and satt022. Considering the all kinds of the agronomic traits, six strains which were good in the yield and quality about soybean VE were screened out. Their number was the 4,54,104,114,122,135.