【作者】 杜震洪；

【导师】 刘南；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 海洋是人类生存环境的重要组成部分,蕴含了各种丰富的资源,在人类社会经济活动有着十分重要的地位和作用。近海作为海洋活动的活跃区,连接了大陆和远洋深海,在国家安全、经济建设领域的战略作用极为重要。以认知和研究近海世界、开发和利用近海环境资源为主要宗旨的近海领域研究成为当今社会各国关注的焦点,在全世界得到了高度重视。本文在分析当前地理空间认知的理论、方法、技术现状的基础上,集成地理空间认知与地理本体、知识库与知识推理、空间信息服务聚合理论,针对近海环境地物特征及其在国家安全与经济建设中的战略意义,开展了近海环境地物认知模型与智能服务聚合研究。研究工作旨在探索一套完整、系统的近海环境地物认知理论、技术和方法体系,解决近海环境地物认知过程中认识与推理两个关键问题,揭示现实世界-概念世界-GIS世界的认知转换机理。论文的研究工作主要包括以下四个方面：(1)基于地理本体的近海环境地物知识库建模。通过对近海环境地物本体的表达与建模,提出基于本体的近海环境地物要素分类方法,建立能客观反映近海地物实体各个层次间的概念模型。依据地物本体与知识的映射关系,构建基于本体的近海环境地物知识库,实现地物认知过程中现实世界到概念世界的认知转变。(2)近海环境地物多模态统一认知模型研究。针对地物认知过程、认知结果以及认知模式的多模态特性,提出近海环境地物多模态统一认知模型,包括构建统一的空间数据模型和基于知识规则的空间关系推理机制。通过分析多模态统一认知模型中空间数据组织与空间关系的推理转换,揭示从概念世界到GIS世界的认知转变机理。(3)空间认知服务聚合研究。通过分析空间信息服务聚合理论与方法,讨论SOA和EDA的各自特点,融合两者优势,提出事件驱动的认知服务聚合模型,并将之应用于近海环境地物认知体系中,形成基于服务聚合的智能在线认知模式。(4)原型系统构建。基于上述三方面研究内容与方法,构建了原型系统。通过原型系统的设计与实现,验证研究工作的可行性与有效性。研究表明,基于本体的知识库建模能精确地定义和表达地物、知识的概念及其相互关系。通过建立完善的知识库系统与合理的推理机制,充分利用专家经验知识进行地物识别与认知实现认知的智能化。提出的近海环境地物多模态统一认知模型,实现了空间数据组织与空间关系推理的统一,揭示了概念世界到GIS世界的认知转变机理。基于事件驱动的空间认知服务聚合模型,完成了分布式环境下地理空间认知服务自适应聚合与匹配,解决了异质、异构、分布、自治环境下的空间认知服务动态聚合,实现认知服务增值,推动近海环境地物认知的网络化与社会化。上述研究内容,相互关联、相互依赖,共同构成了近海环境地物认知模型与智能服务聚合的理论、方法与技术统一体,揭示了现实世界-概念世界-GIS世界的认知转换机理。本文的研究工作为近海领域研究提供了一条可行的新途径,具有重要的现实意义和科学意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ocean is one part of the human survival environments, which contains various resources, and plays an important role in social economic activities.Offshore marine area, as an active area of marine activity which links the mainland and offshore deep sea, has an extremely important strategic role in national security and economic development. The research of offshore marine area, which aims at the cognition and research of offshore world and also targets at the development and utilization of offshore environmental resources, has been the research focus and received great attention in world wide.Based on the analysis of the current geo-spatial cognition theory, methods and related techniques, this paper integrated with the geo-spatial cognition and ontology, knowledge base and knowledge reasoning, and spatial information services. Aimed at the characteristics of surface features and its strategic in countries security and economic development, the research of cognitive models and intelligent services polymerization have been conducted.The purpose of the research is to explore a complete and systematic cognitive theory, technology and methodology on offshore environmental features, to solve the cognizing and reasoning questions in the course of offshore environmental features cognitive process, and to reveal the mechanism of cognitive change:the real world - the concept world - the GIS world.The paper includes the following four parts:(1) Modeling the knowledge-based offshore marine features based on geographic ontology. By the representation and modeling of the offshore marine features ontology, the author proposed ontology-based classification of offshore marine features and physical objects, and built the conceptual model which could reflect the different level between surface features. According to the mapping relation between surface features ontology and knowledge, the author built the ontology-based knowledge base, and illustrate the cognitive change from the real world to the concept world in the course of the cognitive process of surface features.(2) Multi-mode unified cognitive model of surface features offshore environment.Aimed at the multimode characteristics of the cognitive processes for surface features, cognitive outcome and cognitive model, the multimode unified cognitive model of offshore environmental features was proposed, which includes constructing a unified model of spatial data and knowledge-based reasoning mechanism of the spatial relationship rules. By analyzing the multimode cognitive model of uniform spatial data conversion and spatial reasoning relations, the change mechanism from the concept world to the GIS world was revealed.(3) Polymerization of Spatial Cognition services. By analyzing the spatial information service aggregation theory and methods, the paper discussed the respective characteristics of SOA and EDA, then integrated both advantages and proposed event-driven aggregation model of cognitive services, and applied to offshore environmental geophysics of cognitive systems to form a service-based cognitive model of smart online aggregation.(4) Construction of the prototype system. Based on the above three aspects of content and method, a prototype system was constructed. According to the design and implementation of the prototype system, the feasibility and effectiveness of the research was validated.The research showed that ontology-based knowledge base could define and express the concepts of surface features and knowledge and their mutual relations accurately. Under the establishment of a sound Knowledge Base System and reasonable inference mechanism, this research made full use of expertise knowledge in remote sensing classification to realize geophysical identification and cognition, and to achieve cognitive intelligence. By proposing multimode surface features of offshore environment unified cognitive model, this research achieved the relationship between spatial data organization and reasoning of the unified space, and revealed the change mechanism from the concept world to the GIS world. Through establishing the spatial cognition service aggregation model based on event-driven, this research completed the adaptive aggregation and matching of geo-spatial cognition services under the distributed environment. Furthermore, it solved the dynamic aggregation of geo-spatial cognition services under the heterogeneity, heterogeneous and distributed conditions, and achieved the cognitive value-added services, finally promoted the social networking of the awareness of surface features offshore environment.The above research contents were interrelated and interdependent, and together constituted the surface features of cognitive model of offshore environment and intelligent service aggregation theory, method and technology continuum, which revealed the conversion mechanism between the real world, the concept world and the GIS world. The work of this research provided a feasible and new way for the offshore environment study, and had important practical significance and profound scientific significance.更多还原