【作者】 贾中；

【导师】 雷春浓；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 生态文化起于生态意识的觉醒,是人与自然协调关系的必须,是人和大地和谐共处,寻求最大环境效益、具有时代意义的一种可持续发展的大趋势。在当今弘扬生命意义、崇尚健康的时代,医院建筑生态文化方向是前所未有的一种文化类型,它立足现代、高瞻未来。医院建筑是由众多复杂部门组成的一种公共建筑类型,它是以人的生命健康需求为中心,以预防和治疗疾病、研究人类生命活动及与外界环境相互关系、人类疾病的发生发展及其防治与消灭的规律、增进健康、延长寿命和提高生活质量及工作能力为其首要任务,以现代医学理论及医学科技建构的人工与自然生态环境为手段,与社会经济发展和文明进步密切相关。人类生态学、生态文化观在社会发展中日益影响和促进着医院建筑创作的变革与创新,也是医学发展和人类卫生健康事业及建筑设计创作与实践的重要课题。论文以生态建筑学(Archi-ecology)、生态文化理念等相关学科前沿理论为出发点,在医院建筑的概念及内涵基础上,以医院建筑建设实践中存在的问题、历史演绎的规律性为先导,结合当前社会经济发展、医学背景和国内外医院建筑规划、建筑理论及相关学科的发展趋势,以历时的、文献的、形式的、环境的途径为主线进行专题研究和探讨,将生态学、生态建筑学、“生物-心理-社会”医学模式、环境心理学、文化学等与建筑学结合,采取多层次、多角度、多学科创新成果灵活运用与融汇的综合研究方法,在此基础上对医院建筑创新趋势和建筑设计创意、设计原则与方法的系统深入研究,并以相关工程实践进行校验和修正,具有较强的理论意义和实践指导价值。论文紧紧抓住医院建筑的特征及规律性,突出了现代医院建筑人工环境与自然环境、技术环境与人文环境有机结合的属性、内涵,注重设计传达出观念更新的信息,从实际出发确定设计理念与原则,从社区、自然环境中寻求真实的立足点,从真诚、细致的关注中获得适宜的设计方法,从医院建筑文化品质与美学价值的形式探索中展示其本真的性格。采用生态学、生态建筑学与生态文化的建筑创作创造性思维、哲思逻辑、理性概设和推理研究方法,用生态观点研究人·医院建筑·总体环境,以有机论为特征,强调事物和现象的相互联系和相互作用的整体性;用生态系统生生不息、物质与能量循环转化、信息流动等观点解析病人及与生命、健康有关的人与环境互动规律、认识和解决与医院建筑有关的问题。从学理性上弄清思想,提出一些新的、具有前瞻性、普适性的设计理念、思想、原则和方法,也通过医院建筑的生态文化建构研究促进城市与医院建筑、医院建筑与不断变化的环境协调进化的过程,为我们理解医院建筑的人文性提供一个有益的样本。论文共分六个部分,以生态文化与医院建筑关系-现实辨析与批判-历史研究与借鉴-理念建构-方法建构-典例与实证分析为课题研究主线,论述重点集中在生态文化与医院建筑概念更新、历史演绎的规律性与发展创新的新视点、时代背景下医院建筑理念的更新和设计原则及方法四个方面,理论联系实际地作了以下积极探索:对生态文化的人类文明新境界和愿景在当代医院建筑设计概念更新及内涵的共时性因素进行科学评价;从生态可持续发展的视角对医院建筑、医疗环境历史演绎过程的规律性总结;从科学发展观和生态文化时代意义的现实与前瞻性审视“生物-心理-社会”整体医学模式相适应的医院建筑定位及规划、设计的新理念;生态文化设计创意构建和谐医疗环境原则及方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ecological culture is a tendency of sustainable development which came from the consciousness of ecology. It advocates the harmony of human-nature and pursues the maximum of environment value. It is the key of this new century. In the era of respecting life and health, the ecological culture dimension of hospital architecture is a new culture type which faces the future while studying the contemporary society.Hospital is a type of public building which has many sophisticated parts. It concentrates on human life and health, has many primary tasks such as taking precautions against&treat diseases, studying the relation between human life and environment, the regulation of the root&shooting&developing&dying of diseases, health promotion, life prolongation, living level and work ability promotion, has close relation with the developing of society, economics and civilization. It’s weapons are modern medical thoery and artificial&natural ecological environment which bases on medical science and technology. Human- ecology and ecological culture concepts deeply affect&greatly promote hospital architecture. They are important topics of human health, medical science and building-design concepts&practise.The thesis bases on archi-ecology, ecological culture concepts and hospital architecture concepts&meaning, begins with the practical problems of hospital construction and the regulations of hospital history, absorbs the tendency of society, economics, medical background, Chinese or foreign hospital planning and design theory, related subjects etc, has the main line of history&material&form&environment for special topic study, merges ecology& archi-ecology&biology-mentality–society new medical mode& environmental psychology& architecture, has the synthetical study method of multiple level&dimension&subject, concentrates on the systematic study of hospital developing tendency and design rules&methods, revises the theory by practise, has relatively high theory& practice value.The thesis grasps the regulations of hospital architecture, advocates that hospital is the artificial-natural and technical-cultural organic environment, emphasizes the new concepts of design and the fact, bases on community and natural environment, studys design methods from sincere and precise care, displays the real charactor from cultural quality and art form of hospital architecture.This thesis has the study method of ecology, archi-ecology and creative&logical&reasonable mind. It studys man-hospital-whole environment in ecological dimension, has the character of organic opinion, emphasizes the concept of viewing object, situation and phenominon as a whole; it uses such ecological opinions as life persues the meaning of life, substance and energy transforms in circle, information transmits between life and environment etc, to explain the regulations of patients and environment, solves the problems of hospital architecture. It advances some wide-perspective , facing-future new design concepts&principles&methods, leads city- hospital and hospital - environment go toward harmony, and promotes hospital culture through ecological culture construction of hospital architecture.The thesis comprises 6 parts. It has the main line of ecological culture-hospital architecture, reality analyses and criticizing, history study and reference, idea construction, method construction, practise examination. It concentrates on the following four aspects: ecological culture-hospital concepts, principles of history deduction, hospital concepts renewing under era background, design principles and methods. Furthermore, the paper makes an active exploration in the following aspects:Evaluating the facts in civilization wish of ecological culture -contemporary hospital design concepts;Summarizing the historic principles of hospital architecture&medical environment from the perspective of ecological sustainable-development.Commenting on hospital architecture mind and plan&design concepts which are co-ordinated with scientific development opinion.Advancing the rules& methods of harmony medical environment construction under the mind of ecological culture.更多还原