【作者】 肖金亮；

【导师】 郭黛姮；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 建筑学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 本文对国内外文化遗产保护工作的发展历程进行了归纳和总结,指出中国当前的保护工作正在摆脱传统的“工程”和“项目”的地位,自发地酝酿形成一门系统化的“历史建筑保护科学”;在具体的保护工作方法上,也从传统的单学科、少技术含量的保护模式向多学科共同参与的科技化保护转变。这种新型保护工作方法,正是本文研究的主题。本文首先对国外的若干保护工作的特点和方法进行阐释和分析,并以之作为借鉴。然后按照中国历史建筑的管理级别和分类情况,立足于实际工作,从历史文化名城调查与认定、文物保护规划、木结构和砖石结构历史建筑的保护修缮、监测与预防性保护等不同阶段、不同内容、不同对象的角度,对实践中展现和暴露出来的经验和教训进行归纳总结,研究多学科科技保护的若干工作方法和规律。这些方法具体而言包括如下内容:思想上加深对保护工作系统化、科学化的认知与理解;对多学科的运用不要表面化,要真正地落实到具体的工作中,要真正地指导保护工作的每一步判断和决策;调整工作者自身的知识结构和素质,以符合新形势下的保护工作的需求;对各种技术的应用要把握好尺度,不能脱离最终的保护目的;要积极拓展各学科技术应用的广度和深度,不要只局限在微观物体的层面上;在多学科参与的保护团队中,建筑师应该承担起相应责任,负责把握各学科的研究方向和各技术的应用方向不偏离最终的保护目标;如此等等。在归纳出具体的工作方法的基础上,本文尝试着进行方法论方面的理论提升,经研究认为历史建筑保护科学的方法论可以拆分为三个组成部分:多学科组成的学科群、符合多学科保护特点的合理的工作流程、保护工作的独特原则,这三个部分共同作用,形成一个成功的保护工作系统。论文最后进一步提升到哲学层面上,对系统论与历史建筑的内涵、价值理性技术理性的和谐统一、综合集成系统方法论与历史建筑保护工作的关系等问题进行了相应的讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this dissertation, the developing course of the domestic and international work of cultural heritage conservation is being generalized and concluded, and the spontaneous brew of a systematic sphere of learning, the Construction and Methodology of Conservation Sciences, is pointed out during the course that the current conservation casts off the status of traditional“engineering”and“project”. Details of current conservation converts from the conservative pattern of traditional single-subject and less technology to the pattern of multi-subjects and more technology. The new way of conservation is just the theme of this dissertation.Firstly, some characteristics and methods of external conservation are explained and analyzed in this dissertation, and they are used as references. Secondly, according to the management levels and the classification of Chinese historic buildings and based on the practice, the experience and lesson are summarized and also some methods and patterns of multi-subjects conservation are researched from the point view of different stages, contents and objects of the investigation and determination on historic and cultural city, the conservation master planning for cultural relics, the conservation of historic buildings with wood and brick-stone structure, the inner decoration conservation, the preventive conservation, and so on, In details, these methods include the followings aspects: getting further systematic and scientific realization and understanding of conservation in thinking; applying the multi-subjects concretely and guiding every step of judgment and determination of conservation indeed; readjusting the workers’the structure and the quality of their knowledge in order to satisfy the requirements of conservation in the new situation; applying all kinds of technology appropriately without losing ultimate conservation purpose; developing the width and depth of technological application of every subject without limiting to the level of micro object; in the conservation team consisting of multi-subjects, architects should be responsible for keeping the researching direction of every subject and the applying direction of every kind of technology in the right way without deviating the ultimate conservation purpose; and so on.On the base of concluding concrete working method, researching on methodology is tried to approach theoretical development in this dissertation. By researching the methodology of Conservation Sciences of Historic Buildings can be divided into three parts: subject group consisting of multi-subjects, reasonable work process adapting to multi-subjects conservation characteristic, and scientific regularity of historic buildings conservation. These three parts reflects on each other and forms a successful conservative system.The last part of this dissertation is promoted further in the aspect of philosophy. The items about the implication of system theory and historic buildings, the harmonious unification of the value of rationality and technology rationality, the relationship between the methodology of integrated system and historic buildings conservation, and so on, are discussed correspondingly.更多还原