技术与资本的共谋及其对现代性的建构

【作者】 王迎春；

【导师】 胡守钧；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 当我们为现代社会寻找最具有本质性和普遍性的表述时,作者愿意把它称之为“技术和资本的共谋”。在作者看来,这种共谋正是现代性的现实基础,进而是现代社会的总结构和总核心,这种“总”体现在现代社会的各种具有根本性影响的问题和特征多来源于此共谋关系。这种共谋的强大和坚硬之处在韦伯那里被称作“铁笼”,在海德格尔那里被表述为“座架”。马克思从社会运行的基本关系出发,按照社会的历史性和现实性本身,展开对于现代性之根本逻辑的批判性阐述。他试图从生产力和生产关系的辩证运动中发现突破此共谋机制的可能性。依据以上基本的理论认识,作者展开此课题的研究。文章是从技术与资本共谋的视角研究现代性问题,也是从现代性的问题域研究技术与资本的共谋。文章认为技术和资本已经成为现代社会运行的基本机制和根本逻辑,各种现代性思潮关于技术批判和资本批判的热闹程度便是社会意识上的明证。文章认为单独的技术批判和资本批判都不足以解释完整的现代性,必须把这两种批判结合起来,从技术与资本共谋的立场出发才能通达现代性的整体机制。同时,也只有兼顾资本才能真正地理解技术,统筹技术才能全面地认识资本。文章基于人类文明的历史现实,通过对马克思、韦伯和海德格尔等人相关文本的互证解读,从逻辑原则、实体和过程、逻辑的扩展等三个层面阐述了技术和资本的系统结构,进而分别从这三个层面探讨了技术与资本的共谋机制。文章认为技术和资本并不单纯是外在的互助关系,也是内在的相互拱卫和相互塑造。现代技术和现代资本的产生与演化是同一个过程的两面。技术和资本的共谋体现在逻辑原则层面的深度契合、实体和过程层面的多维互动。技术与资本共谋的扩展过程就是对于现代性的建构过程。文章认为技术和资本的共谋是现代形而上学的现实基础,现代形而上学、技术和资本三者的相互支撑与内在互动构成了现代性的基本框架。技术与资本的共谋塑造了现代世界体系,导致了全球风险社会,现代性的种种特征也都可以在这种共谋中找到根源。技术与资本的共谋具有内在边界和限度,在创造物质财富的同时,也带来了文明的危机。这种共谋机制还具有脱域性,此共谋机制的展开可以形成一元多模式的现代性格局。技术与资本的共谋产生于现代社会缘起的欧洲,展开于世界体系的形成,深化于全球化的今天。从二十一世纪人类面对困境所提出的解决方案来看,现在是这种共谋关系继续深化的时期。由此,文章认为二十一世纪是现代性继续深化的世纪。更多还原

【Abstract】 When people look for the most essential and universal provision of modern society, the author would like to call it The Conspiracy of Technology and Capital. In the author’s opinion, this kind of conspiracy is the realistic foundation of modernity, and it’s also the General structure and core of modern society. General here incarnates that all kinds of issues and characteristics having fundamental impact on modern society are from the complicity. Weber called the powerful and hard feature of conspiracy Iron Cage,and Heidegger described it as Ge-Stell.Marx described the basic logic of modernity in criticism based on basic relationship of society movements according to the historic and realistic of society itself. He tried to look for the possibility to break through the conspiracy mechanism from dialectical relationship of productive force and relations of production.The author starts to investigate this project according to the fundamental theory mentioned above. The author investigates modernity from the conspiracy of technology and capital; also investigate the conspiracy of technology and capital form modernistic problem domain. The author thinks that technology and capital have become basic mechanism and logic of modern society moving and we can see that from liveliness degree of technical criticism and capital criticism coming from all kinds of modernity thought. The author considers that nether only technical criticism or only capital criticism is enough to describe integrated modernity, so we must combine these two criticisms. We can understand the overall mechanism of modernity from the view of technology and capital conspiracy. At the same time, we could only really understand technology by taking into account of capital, and comprehensively understand capital by coordinating technology.This thesis expatiate the system structure of technology and capital from three levels:logical principles, entities and processes, and logical extension based on historic reality of human civilization and the author’s apperception on articles of Marx, Weber and Heidegger, and then discuss the conspiracy mechanism of technology and capital from the three levels. The author considers that the relationship of technology and capital is not only externally helping each other, but also mutual guard and shaping each other..The formation of modern technology and modern capital is both sides of a same process. The technology and capital conspiracy embodies that they highly agree with each other in logic level and they interact multi-dimensionally in entity and process level.The expanding process of technology and capital conspiracy is the process of the construction of modernity. The author considers that technology and capital conspiracy is the realistic basis of the modern metaphysics; technology, capital along with modern constructs basic structure of modernity by mutual supporting and internally interacting. Conspiracy of technology and capital formed the modern world system, and resulted in global risk society. Roots of varied modernity features can be found from this conspiracy. Conspiracy of technology and capital has its internal boarder and limit. It brings civilized risk along with substance fortune.This conspiracy is a mechanism with disembeding, expanding it could form unitary muti-mode modernity structure. The technology and capital conspiracy comes from Europe, which is the origin of modern society, expand in the formation of world system, and deepen in today. From the proposed solution when human being facing problem in 21 century, this is the period for conspiracy relationship continuing to deepen. Thus, the author thinks that the 21 century is the century of modernity continuing to deepen.更多还原