【作者】 袁付礼；

【导师】 程国平；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 敏捷供应链的核心特征是敏捷性,没有可靠的产品/服务质量,就不可能有供应链的敏捷性。敏捷供应链的质量管理与单个企业的质量管理工作有很大的差异,其复杂性和管理难度大大增加。同时,敏捷供应链的质量管理与供应链质量管理也有差异。敏捷供应链面对的市场环境具有不可预测性和持续变化特点,随着市场需求的变化,其供应链结构和业务流程也在不断重构和调整,这导致敏捷供应链的质量管理系统极不稳定,敏捷供应链质量管理系统如何快速适应这种重构是敏捷供应链质量管理面临的重大难题。因此,必须研究和开发面向企业外部的、适应敏捷供应链需要的新的质量管理模式——敏捷供应链协同质量管理模式,以确保供应链“敏捷性”功能的充分实现。本文以系统理论为指导,综合运用协同学理论、供应链理论、现代质量管理理论、组织管理理论等理论与方法,系统地研究了敏捷供应链的协同质量管理问题。研究并提出了敏捷供应链的质量形成规律、敏捷供应链协同质量管理的基本内容、基本原理和体系结构,构建了敏捷供应链协同质量管理实现的系统模型、运行机制与方法及支撑技术。通过研究,建立了较系统、较全面的敏捷供应链协同质量管理基本理论框架和实现方法,为企业实施敏捷供应链战略提供了理论基础和实际指导。在供应链的产品质量形成规律方面,本文指出供应链的产品质量形成规律包括质量传递规律、质量合成规律和质量匹配规律,并重点研究了质量传递规律。本文运用QFD工具建立了供应链质量特性的逆向传递模型,借助工艺过程偏差流概念和偏差传递理论,建立了单链式供应链产品质量特性偏差传递模型和网络式供应链产品质量特性偏差传递模型,并在此基础上,建立了正向质量特性的波动传递模型,统称为供应链产品正向质量特性传递模型。研究表明：1)企业间产品质量特性值波动存在传递关系；2)随着质量保证能力下降的企业数量的增加,供应链整体质量保证能力以递增速度(加速度)下降。此外,运用质量传递模型还可以预测下游企业质量需求的变动对上游企业质量管理的影响及上游企业质量保证能力的波动对下游企业和供应链整体质量保证能力的影响。在敏捷供应链协同质量管理的基本内容方面,界定了敏捷供应链协同质量管理的内涵,分析了其特征；提出了敏捷供应链协同质量管理的目标和基本原则；运用系统理论,从要素、层次、维度三个方面搭建了敏捷供应链协同质量管理的基本内容。在敏捷供应链协同质量管理的基本原理方面,运用协同学原理,总结了敏捷供应链协同质量管理应遵循的7个基本原理。在敏捷供应链协同质量管理系统构建方面,本文给出了敏捷供应链协同质量管理系统的内涵及其基本特性,建立了敏捷供应链质量管理的宏观模型；提出了敏捷供应链协同质量管理系统的体系结构；建立了敏捷供应链协同质量管理实现的系统模型。在敏捷供应链协同质量管理的运行机制方面,重点研究了协同质量管理的合作机制、决策机制、协调机制、激励机制和自律机制的设计问题。敏捷供应链协同质量管理的合作机制包括以“双赢”为基础的战略合作关系、质量合作的信任机制、质量合作的信息共享机制、质量合作的利益与风险协调机制四个方面。敏捷供应链协同质量决策具有多主体属性、多目标、追求多赢、协同特征、时间性、信息非对称性等特点,必须遵循信息共享、全局优化、层次性三个基本原则。本文提出了描述敏捷供应链质量决策问题的三层结构模型,构建了敏捷供应链质量管理协同决策体系框架。敏捷供应链协同质量管理必须建立以企业为主体、以人为中心、自愿为主、以市场和人为相结合的协调手段、实施多方法协调的协调机制；必须使用包括供应商评价、抽样检验、质量风险分担及联合质量管理等多种激励机制和实施多种途径的自律机制,以促进节点企业持续改进质量,不断提高企业的质量管理水平,增强供应链的整体竞争能力。在敏捷供应链协同质量管理的方法方面,运用系统理论、现代质量管理理论和组织管理理论,重点研究了敏捷供应链协同质量管理组织问题及协同质量计划方法、协同质量控制方法及协同质量改进方法三个方面的方法问题。构建了敏捷供应链协同质量管理的三层组织结构模型及其运行模式。以过程方法、联合使用质量策划路线图和QFD技术为基础,探讨了敏捷供应链的协同质量计划方法。本文认为敏捷供应链加强质量控制的最好方法是实施联合质量管理,并灵活运用供应链质量控制流程图进行供应商质量控制。质量改进的方法与工具有很多,本文主要讨论了适合于供应链协同质量改进(整体业绩改进)的10步骤质量改进过程模型、质量过滤图、FMEA方法。在敏捷供应链协同质量管理的支撑技术方面,从环境、技术、管理三个方面对其进行了系统研究,初步构建敏捷供应链协同质量管理的支撑技术体系。同时,并研究了供应链质量信息的分类与特征,提出了供应链节点企业信息结构模型,建立了敏捷供应链的全局信息共享模式和局部信息共享模式,建立了敏捷供应链的质量信息流集成模型。通过研究工作,从体系结构、实现模型、运行机制、管理方法、支撑技术及信息共享与集成等方面,建立了较完整的敏捷供应链协同质量管理框架。更多还原

【Abstract】 The core feature of agile supply chain is its agility, no supply chain’s agility without reliable product/service quality. Agile supply chain quality management is quite different from the quality management of individual enterprise. The complexity and difficulties of management increase greatly in agile supply chain. The agile supply chain quality management is different from supply chain quality management as well. Agile supply chain faces market environment with unpredictability and continuous change. As changes in market demand, the supply chain and business processes need to constantly reconstruct and readjust, which leads to the instability of agile supply chain quality management system. Agile supply chain quality management system needs to adapt quickly to the reconstruction of the agile supply chain. Quality management faces great challenges under this context. Therefore, enterprises must study and develop a new quality-management mode——the agile supply chain synergic quality management mode, to enhance the supply chain’s agility.In this dissertation, using systems theory as guidance, with integrative applications of Synergetics, supply chain theory, modern quality management theory, organizational management theories and methods, the author systematically studies the questions of the synergic quality management in the agile supply chain. The author studies the law of quality formation of agile supply chain. He also studies the major contents, the basic principles and architecture of agile supply chain synergic quality management, and constructs the systematic model, operating mechanisms and supporting technologies of the agile supply chain synergic quality management (ASCSQM). Through the research, he systematically builds up a basic theoretical framework of agile supply chain synergic quality management and the implementation methodology, which provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for enterprises which implements agile supply chain strategy.As for the laws of product quality formation in the supply chain, the author points out that the laws of product quality formation in supply chain include quality transfer laws, quality combination laws and quality matching laws, and focuses on the transfer laws of product quality. Appling the QFD tools, the author builds a reverse transfer model based on product quality requirements in supply chain. Using the concept of process deviation flow and deviation transfer theory, the author establishes a single-chain deviation transfer model and a network-chain deviation transfer model of the product quality characteristics on supply chain(s). And based on these models, a positive variance propagation model of the product quality characteristics on supply chain is established, too. The deviation transfer model and the variance propagation model of the product quality characteristics are collectively called the positive transfer model of the product quality characteristics. The results show that:1) the variances of product quality characteristics transfer along the supply chain; 2) With the increase in the number of enterprises of the low quality, the capabilities of the overall quality assurance in supply chain speedily decrease. In addition, by using the quality transfer model, we can predict the impacts of the changes in quality demand of downstream enterprise on the quality management of upstream enterprise and the impacts of the variances of quality assurance capability of upstream enterprise on the quality assurance capability of downstream enterprise and the whole supply chain.As for the basic contents of the agile supply chain synergic quality management, the author defines the concept of the agile supply chain synergic quality management, analyzes its features; and puts forward the objectives and basic principles of agile supply chain synergic quality management. Based-on system theory, the author studies the basic contents of the agile supply chain synergic quality management from essential factors, levels, and dimensions.As for the principles of the agile supply chain synergic quality management, applying synergetics theory, the author sums up seven basic principles of the agile supply chain synergic quality management we should follows.As for the construction of the agile supply chain synergic quality management system, the article gives the definition of the agile supply chain synergic quality management system and the basic features. And the author establishes a macro model of the agile supply chain synergic quality management; analyses the system architectures of the agile supply chain synergic quality management; establishes an implementation model for the agile supply chain synergic quality management system.In the operating mechanism of agile supply chain synergic quality management, the author focuses on the designs of mechanisms of co-operation, decision-making, co-ordination, incentives and benchmarking for synergic quality management. The co-operation mechanism of agile supply chain synergic quality management includes a“win-win”strategic co-operation relationship, and the trust mechanisms, information sharing mechanism, and the interests and risks co-ordination mechanism in co-operation of the quality management. The collaborative quality decision-making among the enterprises in the agile supply chain has the features of multiple agents, multi-objectives, win-win pursuing, collaboration, timing, asymmetric information, etc. The collaborative quality decision-making should follow three basic principles, which are information sharing, overall optimization, and multi-level. The author constructs a three-tier structure model of decision-making of the agile supply chain synergic quality management, and then builds a collaborative decision-making system framework based on MAS (multi-agents system). The co-ordination mechanisms of the agile supply chain synergic quality management should be established based on combined the market and artificiality methods, and should be business-oriented, people-centered, and volunteer-based. The incentive mechanisms of the agile supply chain synergic quality management including the supplier evaluation, sampling, quality risk-sharing and joint quality management and the benchmarking mechanisms must be applied in the agile supply chain synergic quality management to promote continuous improvement of quality of node enterprises, and continuously improve the level of the business quality management, and enhance the overall competitive capacity of the supply chain.In the methods of agile supply chain synergic quality management, synthetically using systems theory, modern quality management theory and organizational management theory, the author discusses the question of organizations of the agile supply chain synergic quality management, and the questions of methods of collaborative quality planning and collaborative quality control and collaborative quality improvement. He constructs a three-tier organization structure model on the agile supply chain synergic quality management and puts forward an operating mode about the implementation of this model. Based on the process approach, and quality planning road map and QFD technology, the author discusses the collaborative quality planning methods of the agile supply chain. The author suggests that the best way to strengthen the quality control of quality management in the agile supply chain is the implementation of joint quality management, and to use flexibly quality control flow chart to control quality of suppliers. There are many quality improvement methods and tools; the author discusses mainly the collaborative quality improvement (overall performance improvement) methods being fit for the agile supply chain synergic quality management, for example, the 10 steps process model of quality improvement, quality filter map, FMEA method, etc.In supporting technologies of agile supply chain synergic quality management, from environment, technology and management aspects, the author does research on the supporting technologies, and attempts to build supporting technology systems of agile supply chain synergic quality management. The author discusses the classification and characteristics of the quality information of the supply chain, puts forward the information structural model of supply chain node enterprise, and sets up a overall information sharing model, a local information sharing model, and an integrative model of quality information flow of agile supply chain.Through these researches, a relative complete framework of agile supply chain synergic quality management is built up from its architecture, implementation model, operating mechanism, management methods, supporting technologies and information sharing and integration.更多还原