社会学视野下的新时期文艺学知识生产

【作者】 王刚；

【导师】 李西建；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 文艺学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 当下的文艺学学科正处于反思和重构的语境中,文艺学合法性危机和话语重构热潮,本质关乎其知识生产。文艺学已不是“话语”问题,而是其作为人文学科知识的社会生产问题、作为“象征形式的社会存在”的哲学解释问题。就此而言,中国文艺学作为人文学科的分支,在历经几十年发展之后需要重估其自主性；作为一种象征形式的社会存在,需要在新的社会文化语境下阐释其存在的合理性；作为一种意识形态的符号文化的“生产方式”,既需要在理性的反思中恢复文学精神的原生态,也需要在现实语境中为其重新定位。而针对文学理论与文学批评、大学教学的“生产-传播-接受”链条的脱节,研究主体自身与本学科思想史的断裂以及其在社会行动中的角色困境等现实状况,需要强化主体的观念认同：学科自身必须在重构中才能持续发展,文艺学学人必须“在自识中走向世界”。基于此一学科发展的社会文化背景和内在价值取向的思考,提出在社会学视野下观照文艺学知识生产问题的主张。而应用社会学理论范式反思性研究中国文艺学知识生产范畴的学理逻辑性,在于新时期中国的文学场域、知识场域具有总体的“关系性结构”和内在的社会动力学特征,更具有本土知识生产传统的特殊文化“习性”特征。论文第一章指出,在社会结构深层变革、文化呈现多样性的语境中,本学科要突破发展困境、获得新的适应性,既需要全面“自诊”,解构以往学科知识预设的“确定性”,通过梳理自身的知识形态和话语实践而作出深入的、持续的反思性研究,同时也需要采用“介入”疗法,针对学科危机的本源问题——新时期文艺学学科的知识生产状况,借助反思社会学、知识社会学、科学社会学的多重研究范式来提供全新的视野。作为一种综合性的知识反思理路,其根本价值指向是析清知识主体在历史化、地方化语境中建构知识生产的特殊行动的社会学意义,对本学科知识系统和生产路径的因果循环关系作出新的阐释。要在“象征形式”的深度阐释和科学主体的“反观性实践”中界定、阐释学科知识生产。第二章论述了新时期中国文艺学的知识生产与知识形态的生成有着深刻的辩证关系。针对新时期文艺学学科知识形态和知识生产的逻辑线索,进行了总体性的观照、提炼和界说,力求跨越“史述”的线性叙事而走向“现代性话语结构的技术性分析”,通过学科谱系和话语模式分析,观照历史逻辑下的新时期文艺学“发生着怎样的形态变迁,到底是什么状态”。第三章主要从反思社会学和科学、知识社会学的多重学理逻辑中剖析文艺学学科的知识生产状况,重点解释历史化、地方化形成的新时期文艺学场域的特殊知识生产机制以及主体的精神生产机制,以此引导主体反思并揭示学科自主化进程中“研究者的集体无意识”规律。在此基础上,第四章提出,要深刻理解和洞察文艺学的当代知识形态和知识生产的整体结构和内在价值规律,通过辨识社会文化再生产与文艺学学科发展的内在关联性、确认中国式生产路径及其实用理性的“合法性”,为文艺学突破符号生产的价值困境、明确并把握知识生产的社会学特征,进而促进今后的学科发展提供新的参照。文章第五章申明,通过将文艺学知识生产问题纳入社会学视野,要重审现代性和后现代性交汇的历史语境下的学科个性。对于作为人文学科象征性阐释者和文学智识实践参与者的知识分子而言,当下迫切需要打破“专业态度”的局限,回归使命意识,重树文艺学的知识信仰,以“历史的美学建构和现实的感性书写”为己任,在智识化实践中走向主体精神的新境界。本文遵从“社会学的理论逻辑”,重视将“一般性的理论论证”与“具体化的经验叙说”相结合,旨在通过一次跨学科研究的探索,将中国文艺学的审美意识形态属性和场域化生产特性凸显出来,提掘其文艺美学的知识本体、诗性智慧特征和实践理性的本土文化精神,论证出新时期文艺学知识生产的价值追求所呈现于当代语境中的动力机制和行动意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The present literature and art discipline is being in the reconsideration and restructuring linguistic environment, the essence of the increasingly fierce literature and art valid crisis and the words restructuring upsurge concerns its knowledge production. The essential question the science of literature and art faces directly is obviously not "the words", but its social production as humane studies, and its philosophic explanation as "the symbolic form of social being". In light of this, the Chinese literature and art, as a branch of the humanities, needs us to appraise its independent degree after several decades’development, as a kind of symbolic form of social being, needs to present the rationality of its existence and the appearance characteristics under the new social cultural and linguistic environment, as a kind of ideological "production method" of symbol culture, needs to restore its originality in literary spirit after rational reconsideration and its scientific position in the realistic linguistic environment. Meanwhile, in view of the coming apart of "production-dissemination-acceptance" of literature theories, literary criticism, and the university teaching, the down-break between the research main body and the discipline’s thinking history, as well as the realistic condition of its role difficulty in social action, we also needs to strengthen our idea approval, that is the literature and art discipline must obtain the sustained development in restructuring, and the literature and art scholars must "move toward the world from self-awareness". Based on this - on the consideration about the social cultural context of discipline development and the intrinsic value orientation, this article proposes that we should consider the question of literature and art knowledge production from sociological perspective. The application of the sociological theory model to the reconsidering studies of the scientific and rational logic in Chinese literature and art knowledge production lies in the new time Chinese literature field and the knowledge field not only have the overall "relation structure" and the intrinsic social dynamics characteristic, also have the native knowledge production tradition and the special culture "trait" characteristic.In the first chapter, the author points out that, in the present linguistic environment of social structure in-depth transform and the culture multiplying, if this discipline wants to break through the development difficulty and obtain new compatibility, it needs to not only have comprehensive "self-examination" to interpret the former preinstalled "determinism" in discipline knowledge, and have the thorough, continuous reconsidering research through combing its own knowledge shape and the words practice, but also needs to use the therapy of "involvement", in view of the source of the discipline crisis-the new time condition of literature and art discipline’s knowledge production, with the aid of the reconsideration of sociology, the knowledge sociology, the scientific sociology to provide a brand-new knowledge-cleaning-up view. As a kind of comprehensive knowledge reconsideration approach, its basic value is to analyze the sociological significance of the special knowledge production motion of its mainstream in the historicized and the localized linguistic environment, and to provide new explanations to the causal circulating relationship between this discipline’knowledge system and the production paths. We should, in the depth of the "symbolic form", and the "reviewing practice" of scientific body, to explain and define the discipline knowledge production.The second chapter first elaborates the profound dialectical relations between the new time Chinese literature and art knowledge production and the knowledge form existence. Then, the paper gives an overall view and definition to the new time literature and art discipline’knowledge shape and its knowledge production’s logical clue, with the effort to pass the liner narration of "narrating history" and to adopt the "the technical analysis of modern words structure", Viewing "how the new time literature and art transforms and what state it is in" under the new history logic through the analysis of the discipline’s system and the words pattern.The third chapter, mainly from the reconsideration of sociology and the multiple theoretical logic of science, knowledge sociology, analyzes the literature and art discipline’knowledge production condition, mainly explains the special knowledge production mechanism and the mainstream intellectual production mechanism in the formation of the historicized and the localized linguistic environment of the new time, to guides us to reconsider and to promulgate the rule of the "collective unconsciousness of researchers" in the discipline independent advancement.Based on this, the fourth chapter proposes that we must profoundly understand and clearly see the contemporary knowledge shape of the literature and art and the overall construction and the law of value in its knowledge production. Through identifying the intrinsic relatedness between the social culture reproduction and the discipline’s development, we can confirm the "validity" of Chinese style production and its practical rationality, to provide the new reference for the literature and art breaking through the value difficulty of mark production, for clearing and grasping the sociological characteristic of and for the promoting the future discipline development trend.The concluding part state that through integrating the literature and art knowledge production to the view of sociology, we must reconsider the discipline individuality under the historical linguistic environment at the connecting point of the modernity and the post-modernity. Speaking of the intellectuals as the humanities’symbolic elucidator and the literature consciousness practice’s participants, we at present urgently need to break the limitation of "the specialized manner", to return to our mission consciousness, to restore our belief on literature and art, to take "the historical esthetics construction and the reality perceptual writing" as an own duty, to move toward the new boundary in the consciousness practice of the mainstream spirit.This paper complies with "the sociological theory logic", unifies“the general theory proof”and “the concrete experience narration”, aims at through an exploration of interdisciplinary research, to highlight the Chinese literature and art’s esthetic ideology attribute and the field production characteristic, to dig the main body of the literary esthetics, the poetic wisdom characteristic and the native culture spirit of its practical rationality. The paper also elaborates the driving mechanism and the motion significance of the new time literature and art knowledge production and the intellectuals’ value pursuit in the contemporary linguistic environment.更多还原