【作者】 毕燕茹；

【导师】 秦放鸣；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 人口、资源与环境经济学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 在当代经济全球化,区域经济一体化发展趋势的推动下,通过贸易、投资等国际经济活动,不仅拓展了一国产业活动的地域空间,而且改变了产业结构演进的特点。一国产业结构演进日益受到国际分工和他国产业结构演进的深刻影响,国家间产业结构演进形成客观互动关系,即产业结构的国际化演进趋势。在经济区域化主流发展态势下,产业结构国际化更多表现为国际区域化特征。随着国家间产业结构互动程度的深入,国与国之间形成紧密的产业分工关系,最终形成区域内产业结构的整体演进,在实践中通常表现为区域经济合作由低层次向高层次的演进。中国是开放的大国,中国产业结构的国际化是一个不以人意志为转移的客观必然趋势。在产业结构国际化演进背景下,应突破以往以民族国家为立场的“国内产业结构调整”的思维定势,立足中国产业结构国际化演进的视角,将中国产业结构的调整与地缘经济战略联系在一起,扩大中国参与国际分工和产业结构调整的空间范围。在实践中表现为中国积极参与各种区域经济合作组织,如东向的东盟、亚太经济组织等,西向的上海合作组织。我国与中亚国家的区域经济合作就是在上海合作组织大框架下进行的,除土库曼斯坦外中亚国家都加入了上海合作组织。中国与中亚国家具有开展区域经济合作的有利条件,如地理相邻,经济结构强烈的互补,双方开展合作的良好意愿等,但目前中国与中亚国家的经济合作还处于初级阶段,深层次的产业合作尚未展开。中国与中亚国家区域经济合作有两个问题要注意：一是中国与中亚国家贸易产品结构失衡问题,即中国长期向中亚国家出口工业制成品,从中亚国家进口原材料等初级产品,这种贸易失衡已经引起中亚国家心理失衡；二是中国新疆在中国与中亚国家区域经济合作中具有重要的战略意义和特殊重要的战略地位,但与中亚国家相比,中国新疆的综合竞争力并不占优势,尤其是产业竞争力。国际区域经济合作实践经验证明,区域经济合作深化将带动产业转移和资本、技术等生产要素的流动,促使区域内产业重新整合,各国(地区)都必将以不同方式和比较优势参与这一进程,谁掌握了产业整合的先机,谁就将在区域经济合作中拥有更多的主动权和话语权。显然中国应该力争掌握中国与中亚国家区域产业整合的主导权。本文正是基于产业结构演进国际化互动的大背景下,对中国与中亚国家产业合作进行研究,通过加强双边的产业联系,深化中国与中亚国家区域经济合作。本文首先在理论上对产业合作定义、合作机制、内容进行了界定。产业合作是三次产业的全面合作,产业合作需借助贸易、投资、金融等产业合作互动机制实现。本文主体内容部分主要阐述了以下内容：第一通过对中亚国家产业发展及结构演进的定量、定性分析,得出中国与中亚国家产业结构具有梯度差异和强烈互补性,具备开展产业合作的动力和物质基础；第二,通过中国与中亚国家产业合作互动机制——贸易、投资以及金融合作的研究分析,得出各种机制在中国与中亚国家产业合作中的作用有待进一步强化,贸易合作是我国与中亚国家目前最主要的产业合作形式；第三从三次产业层次,梳理了中国与中亚国家已有产业合作的实践,并对其进行评价。中国与中亚国家三次产业合作都已经起步,也取得了一定成果,但合作的深度、合作领域亟待拓展。最后本文在对中国与中亚国家产业实践和互动机制分析的基础上,结合中国与中亚国家产业合作的影响因素分析,从宏观、中观、微观层面提出目前深化产业合作思路：宏观上要畅通产业合作互动机制,即贸易自由化、投资扩大化；中观上梳理出中国与中亚国家产业合作的契合点,以拓宽双边产业合作的领域；微观上提出企业参与产业合作的思路。在分析中亚国家经济发展特点,以及中国与中亚国家区域经济合作的实践特点基础上,提出中国与中亚国家产业合作的推进路径：以哈萨克斯坦为产业合作突破口,将中国新疆作为中国与中亚国家产业合作的重要落脚点,承接东部产业转移,构筑中国东部——中国西部——中亚国家的产业转移雁行模式。最终通过中国与中亚国家产业合作,使中国的专业化生产在中亚国家区域内若干层次上展开,形成良性互动中的产业结构整体性演进,提高中国与中亚国家产业在国际分工体系中的地位,实现区域产业合作的互利共赢。更多还原

【Abstract】 International economic activities, such as international trade and investment, etc, not only have expanded the space of a country’s industrial activities but also have changed the character of its industrial structure evolution promoted by economic globalization and regional economic integration, the same to say that the evolution of a country’s industrial structure is gradually affected by international division of labor and evolution of other countries’industrial structure, thus the international evolution of industrial structure, the interactive relationship of industrial structure between countries, has been formed.The representation of internationalization of industrial structure is more regional under the situation that regionalization is the main stream of economic development. With deepening of interactive relationship of industrial structure between countries, closer industrial division relationship between countries and finally the integrated evolution of industrial structure in the region will be formed, practically, it is represented by evolution of regional economic cooperation from lower levels to higher levels.China is a large country opening up to the world, the internationalization of Chinese industrial structure is an objective and inevitable trend. The current situation of Chinese economic development demands that the space of Chinese industrial development be expanded and transnational industrial configuration be realized, this is represented by participation in regional economic cooperation organizations in practice. The regional economic cooperation between China and central Asian countries is executed under the frame of SCO in which Asian countries except Turkmenistan have joined. At present, this cooperation is still in the primary stage, further cooperation has not been launched. Two problems about this deserve our attention, one is the product mix of trade between China and other Asian countries, and another is the strategic position of Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region. The former can be solved by upgrading industrial structure of central Asian countries, the latter by improving industrial competitiveness of Xinjiang. Practical experiences have proved that deepening of regional economic cooperation will bring about industry transfer and flow of product factors such as capital and technologies, etc so that industries in the region will be reintegrated, countries and regions will certainly take part in this process in different way with own competitive advantages and have more initiative and right of speaking in regional cooperation who have a head start in industrial integration. China should certainly strive to take this initiative. This paper studies the industrial cooperation between China and other Asian countries in the context of international interactive evolution of industrial structure.The paper is intended to make comprehensive, qualitative and quantitative analysis of complementarity, interactive mechanism, cooperation practice, influencing factors of industrial structure between China and other Asian countries and on the base of this to raise strategic thinking, promotion thoughts and mode selection. The paper is of great practical and theoretical significance for promotion of regional economic cooperation between China and other Asian countries in depth and widthThe paper is intended to discover the trend of evolution of central Asian countries’ industries through quantitative analysis of industrial development and structural evolution of central Asian countries to ascertain the complementarity of industries of China and other central Asian countries, to confirm the degree of effects of interactive mechanisms on industrial cooperation between China and other central Asian countries through study and analysis of industrial interactive mechanisms and to sort out and evaluate industrial cooperation already practiced. The present thoughts to deepen industrial cooperation are raised from micro, middle and macro views on the base of analysis of industrial practices and interactive mechanisms combined with the analysis of influencing factors of industrial cooperation between China and other central Asian countries:industrial interactive mechanism should be channeled from macro view, the conjunction point of industrial cooperation be confirmed from middle view, thoughts of enterprises’participation in industrial cooperation be raised from micro view. Finally, the paper will come forward the promotion ways for industrial cooperation taking Kazakhstan as breakthrough point and Xinjiang as the important foothold to continue eastern industrial transfer so as to establish flying geese model of industrial transfer of East China---West China---other central countries.In the context of evolution of industrial structure internationalization, we should break the past mind set of domestic industrial restructuring which takes nation and nationalism as standpoint to connect Chinese industrial restructuring with geo-economic strategies so as to expand space for China to participate in international division of labor and industrial restructuring. China’s specialized production in central Asian region should be launched at many levels within the region of China and other central Asian countries to form integrated industrial restructuring in positive industrial interaction so as to improve the standing of China and other central Asian countries in international division of labor and to get win-win result for regional industrial cooperation.更多还原