【作者】 刘环玉；

【导师】 宋岭；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 人口、资源与环境经济学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 论文从新疆煤炭产业发展的条件入手,通过分析新疆煤炭资源的优势、产业基础以及国内外能源开发利用趋势,认为煤炭将长期是我国的主体能源,大力开发新疆煤炭资源的时机已经到来,新疆煤炭产业面临着跨越式发展的机遇。大力开发新疆煤炭资源,在将新疆建设成为国家能源生产基地、国家特大型煤电和煤化工基地,发挥煤炭资源基础产业和支柱产业地位,以及实施优势资源转换战略方面都具有非常重要的作用。论文分析了新疆煤炭市场现状、煤炭市场发展规律和影响需求的主要因素,提出了新疆煤炭需求量的预测依据、原则和方法。通过分别预测传统市场、深加工和转化市场、煤炭外运市场的煤炭需求量,预测新疆煤炭消费量2010年为13000万吨,2015年为20000-32000万吨,2020年为32000-100000万吨。但是,煤炭在为人们提供能量的同时,还带来了较大的环境问题。论文运用定量分析和定性分析方法,分析了新疆煤炭产业发展对大气环境、水环境及土地资源带来的巨大影响。论文认为,新疆生态环境脆弱,水资源不足,且分布不均,煤炭产业现行的发展方式已经严重阻碍了煤炭产业的跨越式发展。解决这一矛盾的办法就是运用循环经济理念来实现新疆煤炭产业可持续发展。论文运用可持续发展理论,结合新疆煤炭产业发展实际,提出了新疆煤炭产业可持续发展的总体思路,就是运用循环经济理念,改造传统发展模式,逐步走上可持续发展道路。新疆煤炭产业实现可持续发展可采取“新煤东运”战略、以火电为主的煤—电转化战略、煤炭资源综合开发利用战略、集约化的企业集群发展战略和煤炭开发和社会环境协调发展战略。论文运用循环经济理论,提出了煤炭产业发展循环经济的原则,对煤炭行业发展产生的废弃物等进行再利用分析,对煤炭产业发展循环经济的产业链进行构建,在此基础上,提出了新疆煤炭产业发展循环经济的基本思路,就是按照“3R”原则,逐步完成企业、大型煤炭生产基地和社会三个层次的建设,将物质流、能量流和信息流三者有机地结合起来,使三个层次相互联系、相互补充、相互促进,交叉组合,形成完整的煤炭循环经济生态体系；在此基础上,提出了新疆煤炭产业发展循环经济的模式。论文还对新疆煤炭产业发展循环经济的技术因素进行了分析。新疆煤炭产业发展循环经济还需要解决好煤炭产业组织优化问题,因为煤炭产业组织优化为煤炭产业发展循环经济提供了足够的动力,使煤炭产业自觉主动地建立发展循环经济的技术支撑体系,从而实现煤炭产业的可持续发展。论文运用产业组织理论,分析了新疆煤炭市场结构的优化问题,指出新疆煤炭产业组织优化的目标模式是“以寡头煤炭企业集团为主导,大、中、小煤炭企业共存”,并指出了煤炭产业组织优化的具体途径。论文针对新疆煤炭产业发展循环经济的客观要求,建议政府,制定和完善新疆发展循环经济的地方性法规；建立新疆煤炭产业发展循环经济的产业、财政和技术政策体系；加强对循环经济发展的组织领导,加大宣传、培训力度；建立技术支撑体系；加快制定煤炭产业循环经济发展规划,大力推进循环经济试点工作；加强规划指导,构建煤炭产业生态工业园区；创新产权制度；加强煤炭勘探勘查与开采的管理,为新疆煤炭产业发展循环经济提供制度保障。更多还原

【Abstract】 Proceeding from the Status quo of coal industry development in Xinjiang, by analyzing the advantages of coal resources and industrial basis in Xinjiang and the trend of developing and utilizing energy at home and abroad, this paper holds that coals will be China’s chief energy for a long time, the timing for developing coal resources in Xinjiang has come and coal industry in Xinjiang is facing the opportunities of leapfrogging development. Vigorously developing coal resources in Xinjiang plays a very significant role in building Xinjiang into a national energy base and large-scale coal, electricity & chemical base, bringing into full play the role of coal resources as the base industry and pillar industry and implementing the strategy for transforming advantageous resources respectively.This paper analyzes the status quo and developing law of coal markets and main factors influencing demands for coals and advances the predicting motivations, principles and methods. By predicting the demands for coals in traditional market, deep processing & transforming market and coal transportation market, we may predict that the total consuming volume will amount to 130 million tons in 2010,200 million to 320 million tons in 2015 and 320 million to 1 billion tons in 2020 respectively. However, coals also bring about a big environmental problem while providing energy for human beings. Through quantitative and qualitative analyses, this paper dissects the significant influence of coal industrial development upon atmosphere, water and land resources. It has been pointed out that weak eco-environment, shortage and unbalanced distribution of water, present developing pattern of coal industry have seriously hindered the leapfrogging development of coal industry in Xinjiang and the solution to tackling the problem is to implement the notion of circular economy to achieve the sustainable development of coal industry in Xinjiang.With reference to the theory of sustainable development and in combination with the status quo of coal industrial development in Xinjiang, this paper advances the total train of thought of the sustainable development of coal industry in Xinjiang, i.e., to implement the notion of circular economy, to transform traditional development pattern and to take the road of the sustainable development. To achieve sustainable development, we should adopt such strategies as strategy for transporting western coals to Eastern China, strategy for transforming coals into electricity with thermal electricity as the chief model, strategy for comprehensively developing and utilizing coal resources, strategy for intensive enterprises group development, and strategy for coordinate development between coal exploitation and social environment.In accordance with the theory of circular economy, this paper poses some principles of developing circular economy in coal sector, expounds the recycling of wastes produced in the development of coal industry and constructs the industrial chain of developing circular economy in coal sector. On the basis of that, it raises the basic train of thought of developing circular economy in coal sector in Xinjiang, that is to say, in line with 3R principles, to gradually complete such 3 levels of constructions as enterprises, large-scale coal production bases and society, to integrate the flow of materials and energy with that of information and to establish a comprehensive eco-system of coal circular economy; furthermore, it puts forward the model of developing circular economy in coal industry and analyzes some technological factors in developing circular economy in coal industry of Xinjiang.To develop circular economy in coal industry of Xinjiang, we should implement the organizational optimization of coal industry, which in turn provides adequate driving forces and enables coal industry to naturally form the technological sustaining system of developing circular economy thus to achieve sustainable development of coal industry. By applying the theory of industrial organization, this paper analyzes the structural optimization of coal market in Xinjiang, sets a goal model of coal industrial optimization (oligarchic coal enterprise groups take the lead and large-sized, medium-sized and small-sized coal enterprises co-exist) and points out the concrete approaches to the organizational optimization of coal industry.In light of the objective requirements for developing circular economy in coal industry of Xinjiang, this paper makes some proposals for the government as follows:To formulate and perfect local regulations for developing circular economy in Xinjiang; to build an industrial, fiscal and technological policy system of developing circular economy in coal industry of Xinjiang; to strengthen the organizational leadership for circular economic development and intensify publicity and training; to construct a technological sustaining system; to speed up the making of plan for developing circular economy in coal industry and vigorously push forward the pilot programs of circular economy; to improve the planning guidance and build coal eco-industrial parks; to innovate the system of property rights; to enhance the management for coal prospecting and exploitation and provide system guarantee for developing circular economy in coal industry of Xinjiang.更多还原