稗史文心

【作者】 张永葳；

【导师】 廖可斌；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 明末清初白话小说在发展过程中受到文章的影响,在理论、创作和鉴赏三大方面都出现了文章化的现象。第一章《明末清初白话小说文章化的背景》,介绍明末清初白话小说文章化的内外背景。白话小说文章化的内在背景是其在晚明的文人化发展趋向,这是文章化现象产生的前提,以善于为文的文人作者为枢纽。外在背景是传统文章的背景,以文取士的科举制度所引发的文本位思想,是贯穿全文的核心线索。文本位思想促进了南宋文章学的建立,也影响了明人对文章观念的界定、文章标准的拟定和对文章作法的重视。第二章《明末清初白话小说理论建构的文章化倾向》,从白话小说的本体论、创作论、文体论、文法论四个方面的文章化现象,说明文章理念对小说理论批评的重大影响。小说本体论的文章化指明末清初白话小说在本体论建构中所受到的文章理念的深刻影响,主要从虚实论、情理论、表意论、寓言论和尚奇论五个方面来说明。创作论的文章化指人们对创作小说的动力机制的解释、对小说的价值认定和功能定位,都来自文章创作的意识体系,以文章学理念来建构小说创作理论。小说文体论的文章化主要指人们从文字艺术的角度,将白话小说作为文章之一体,纳入文章的大范畴中。小说文法论的文章化是指将文章的文法、作法原理套用在小说文法理论中,小说文法论的形成有一个累积的过程。第三章《明末清初白话小说创作的文章化表现》,探讨论说类文章对白话小说创作的影响。分别以拟话本短篇、中长篇章回小说和才子佳人小说为例,分析拟话本小说创作中的布局结构、议论文字的写法与论说文的相似之处；长篇章回小说在结构设置和细部写法上都受到文章的影响；才子佳人小说在结构、情节和人物设置上受八股文作法的影响。最后从具体的文章文法的角度,来说明白话小说创作中对各种文章文法的具体运用。第四章《明末清初白话小说鉴赏阅读的文章化模式》,分析明末清初白话小说的鉴赏阅读对文章评阅法的借鉴。白话小说的评点法和阅读法都与文章的评点阅读方法有相通之处,明显表现出受文章评点阅读影响的痕迹。本章以金圣叹评点《水浒》为例,重点分析其文本细读的评阅法与文章评点法之间的一致性。本文通过分析古典文章对明末清初的白话小说产生的影响,认为古典小说的研究应该注重它的文化原生态,并指出明末清初白话小说的写法在很大程度上受到论说类文章的影响,这与宋元以来以经义文、八股文等论说类文章作为考试文体的政策有很大的关系,通过白话小说的文人作者影响到白话小说的创作方法和鉴赏方式。最后总结认为古典文章给白话小说的发展带来了新的生机,但也在一定程度上阻碍或禁锢了古典小说的创新和发展。从文章影响的小说的角度可以增进人们对古典小说民族特色的认识,从而为白话小说的研究提供一个新的视角。更多还原

【Abstract】 The essay influence the Vernacular novel of the late Ming and early Qing dynasty, Causing the Vernacular novel appeared essay style in the theory, writing and appreciation. The essay main to the dissertation category.The first chapter Introduce the inside and outside background of Vernacular novel in the late Ming and early Qing dynasty. The inside background is the writer’s writing, that is the premise, the essay writer is in the key position. The outside background is the essay background. the essay center thought is the main clue. It helped established article theory in Nan-Song, and influenced the people’s article concept, article standard and article method of Ming dynasty.The second chapter attempt to explain how the essay’s concept influenced the Vernacular novel’s theory, from the Vernacular novel’s ontology、creation theory、literary style theory and method theory four aspects displayed the phenomenon of essay style. The Vernacular novel’s ontology has the essay style, displayed in actual situation theory, reason theory, expression theory, implication theory and strange theory. The creation theory refers to how to explain the writer’s writing motive, how to locate the value and function of the Vernacular novel. The essay writing’s conception influenced it. The essay style of literary style theory refers to people integrated the Vernacular novel to the article’s style and the writing art. The method theory refers to people use the essay’s writing method in to the Vernacular novel’s method theory. The formation of the Vernacular novel’s method theory has a accumulated process.The third chapter discussed how the dissertation category influence the creation of the Vernacular novel. Use the short story, the man-and-woman story and long story as example, explain how the dissertation category influenced the Ni-Huaben’s structure, and discussion. how the dissertation category influenced the man-and-woman story’s structure and character-design and plot. How the dissertation category influenced the long novel’s structure and expression. In the end, from the concrete article method, display the Vernacular novel usd many essay method.The forth chapter analyze the Vernacular novel’s appreciation reference the essay’s appreciation. how to read the essay influenced how to read the Vernacular novel. By the Jin-Shengtan for example, analyze the Shuihuzhuan novel’s comment style is same to the essay reading style.The article is on the Vernacular novel’s essay style, attempt to analyze the Vernacular novel’s theory, writing and appreciation, promulgate the Vernacular novel’s Character comprehensively and systematically. This attemption may enhance people the understanding of Classical novel, and may provide a new angle of view to research the Classical novel.更多还原