【作者】 马小援；

【导师】 赵锡斌；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 企业管理， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 在从计划经济向市场经济转轨的过程中,国家将可持续发展逐渐摆上了战略舞台的中心。经过长期努力,我国无论在经济发展、社会发展、生态建设、环境保护、资源开发利用等方面实施可持续发展都取得了举世瞩目的成绩,但依然存在不少问题。依照系统论的观点,做为经济运行基本单位的企业,对上述众多宏观矛盾的产生和解决具有不可推卸的责任。同时从企业自身来讲,如何在不断运动变化的宏观矛盾中处理好内部矛盾以实现微观可持续发展,亦是理应引起企业管理者、相关理论研究者以及政府政策部门高度关注的问题。有理由认为,企业只有基于可持续发展视角,全面而深入地审视自身发展的内外部环境,才能制定目标明确、行之有效的具体战略以不断提高竞争能力和水平,更好地达成永续发展的目标。实现这一切的基础,正在于将现有的企业可持续发展理论、企业环境理论以及企业环境分析与评价方法继续向前推进。推进的重点是,促进企业可持续发展理论与企业环境理论的融合,并在企业环境的分析与评价中将这种融合充分体现。有鉴于此,本文在将企业环境界定为一个由宏观环境、市场环境、自然环境、企业内部环境组成的宏大而复杂的系统的基础上,从可持续发展视角提出企业环境分析与评价的方法,立足于企业自身考察企业内外部环境对企业可持续发展的影响,兼以实例探讨如何根据考察结果进行有针对性的企业环境调适以实现可持续发展。本文第1章为绪论。第2章在详细阐释企业可持续发展和企业环境内涵的基础上,分析了企业可持续发展和企业环境之间的关系,为后文基于可持续发展视角的企业环境分析与评价研究提供理论基础。第3章主要涉及基于可持续发展的企业环境与评价的几个基本问题,包括其必要性,分析与评价的主体、对象、目标、原则和思路,同时还对本文使用的环境分析与评价方法即层次分析-模糊综合评价法进行了详细介绍。第4章为基于可持续发展视角的企业环境分析与评价的指标体系。该章致力于从可持续发展视角构建企业环境分析与评价的指标框架,目标层是企业环境的可持续性,准则层包括宏观环境的可持续性、市场环境的可持续性、自然环境的可持续性以及企业内部环境的可持续性。方案层及以下的指标设计严格依循第3章中提到的各项原则,并逐条给出了建立在文献综述和现实情况分析基础上的详尽设计理由。第5章为指标体系的应用和检验。根据第4章中构建的指标框架,该章以武汉钢铁(集团)公司为例,运用第3章中提到的方法确定了指标体系的权重,在获取并处理相关数据的基础上,将构建的指标体系应用到实践并在实践中得到检验,同时对企业环境调适的理论及应用问题做了进一步的探讨。第6章总结了全文研究的创新和不足,并提出对未来研究的展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the transition from a planned economy to a market economy, China gradually moves sustainable development onto the center stage of strategy. With long-term efforts, China has made remarkable achievements on the implementation of sustainable development in such areas as economic development, social development, ecological construction, environmental protection, resource development and utilization. However, there are still many problems, and in accordance with the point of view of system theory, as the basic units of economic operation, enterprises are responsible for the generation and resolution of these problems. Meanwhile, as to enterprises themselves, how to properly handle internal contradictions in the changing macro contradictions to achieve micro sustainable development should rise to the attention of enterprise managers, relevant theory researchers and government policy-making departments.It is believed that in order to develop targeted and effective specific strategy to constantly improve the level of competitiveness and to better achieve sustainable development objective, enterprise should make comprehensive and in-depth look at its internal and external development environment. The basis for all these is to move forward the existing enterprise sustainable development theory, enterprise environment theory, and enterprise environment analysis and evaluation methods, with the focus to promote the integration of enterprises sustainable development theory and enterprise environment theory, and to fully reflect this integration in enterprise environment analysis and evaluation.For such reasons, the dissertation defines enterprise environment as a grand and complex system composed by macro environment, market environment, natural environment, and enterprise’s internal environment. On this base, it proposes an enterprise environment analysis and evaluation method from the perspective of sustainable development to explore how internal and external environment impact enterprise’s sustainable development, and then uses an instance to study how make targeted environment adaptation in order to achieve sustainable development according to the result of the analysis and evaluation.Chapter 1 is the introduction of this dissertation. Chapter 2 explains in detail the connotation of enterprise sustainable development and enterprise environment, and based on it, analyses the relationship between them, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the research of enterprise environment analysis and evaluation from the perspective of sustainable development in the later chapters.Chapter 3 mainly discusses several basic issues relates to enterprise environment analysis and evaluation from the perspective of sustainable development, including its necessity, subjects, objects, objectives, principles and ideas, as well as the method AHP-FCE in detail.From sustainable development perspective, Chapter 4 mainly discusses the enterprise environment analysis and evaluation index system. The chapter is committed to building a framework of indicators for the analysis and evaluation of enterprise’s environment from sustainable development perspective. The goal layer is the sustainability of enterprise environment, and the criteria layer includes the sustainability of macro environment, market environment, natural environment, and enterprise’s internal environment. Designs of indicators of scheme layer and the lowers strictly adhere to the principles mentioned in Chapter 3, and one by one is given detailed reasons with literature review and actual situation analysis.Chapter 5 is the application and test of the index system. According to the framework of indicators built in Chapter 4, taking Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation as instance, acquiring and processing the relevant data, the chapter applies and tests the index system to the practice with the method mentioned in Chapter 3 to determine the weight of the index system. In the end, the theory and application of enterprise environment adaptation is further explored.Chapter 6 summarizes the innovation and deficiencies of the research, and proposes for the future research prospects.更多还原