【作者】 王妍；

【导师】 杨震；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 民商法学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 商事登记领域是一个行政权力与私人权利相互遭遇和碰撞的领域,几千年的封建专制统治和长期的计划经济历史,使我国商事登记领域体现出强烈的公权力至上的色彩,私人权利如何保护在商事登记领域被完全忽略。《行政许可法》规定企业和其他组织的设立属于可以设定行政许可的事项,强化了商事登记中的行政权力色彩,《行政许可法》和《公司登记管理条例》又规定,企业(公司)和其他组织设立采取以形式审查为主的审查方式,又意味着行政权力在这一领域的淡出。因此,商事登记是否应该属于行政许可事项,自然人是否享有自由从事经营活动的权利,商事登记如果采取形式审查,登记事项的真实性如何保证,在行政权力淡出商事登记领域时,如何保护没有行政权力庇护而完全裸露于市场经济的私人权利成为本文研究的核心问题。商事登记不应当属于行政许可,而应当属于行政登记；自然人应当具有自由从事经营活动的权利,这一权利要么应该通过宪法予以明确规定、要么属于人应当享有的自然权利；商事登记的真实性应当通过完善社会信用制度、商业欺诈罪等制度安排加以解决。总之,商事登记是政府旨在为市场主体提供信息的一种公共服务,行政权力在该领域不应该被过多的宣扬,私人权利的确认和保护才是商事登记领域中的重中之重。更多还原

【Abstract】 Commercial registration is an area where public right and private right encounter and impact each other. Thousands of years of feudal reign and a long-term planned economy system of new China have caused a strong conciliarism in public right, whereas protection of private right has been totally ignored. Administrative Permit Law of China regulates that setting up an enterprise or other economic organization is included in the scope of administrative permit, which strengthens administrative right in commercial registration. However, Administrative Permit Law of China and Regulations Concerning Administrative Registration also allow that setting up an enterprise or other economic organization can be mainly done in a formal censorship, which means a withdrawal of administrative right. Therefore, whether commercial registration is a kind of administrative permit or not; whether people enjoy a free business or not; whether commercial registration is in a formal censorship or not; how to safeguard the facticity of registration under a formal censorship; how to protect private right in an open market economy with a withdrawal of public right becomes a new problem in this paper. Commercial registration is a kind of administrative registration rather than a kind of administrative permit; natural person should enjoy a right of free business, which should be included in the constitution or belongs to a natural right; the facticity of commercial registration should be arranged in a perfect commercial credit system or a system of commercial fraud crime. In general, commercial registration is a kind of public service providing information for the market, so the administrative right should not be over-publicized. Therefore, the establishment and protection of private right should be considered thoroughly in commercial registration system.更多还原