【作者】 翟羽艳；

【导师】 杨震；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 民商法学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 在当代社会,私力救济作为一种有效的救济手段起着重要的作用。私力救济的理论基础源于权利与权力的界分。自从国家出现后,救济就成为一种私权利与公权力的并存体,因此,救济权一直由国家和私人来分享。在民法领域,权利和救济的关系存在着“权利先于救济”还是“救济先于权利”的分歧,这种分歧导致的结果是大陆法系单一、封闭的救济体系与英美法系多元、开放的救济体系的并存。国家出现以后,私力救济始终在国家垄断救济权的阴影下生存,但是国家对救济权的垄断不仅取决于国家的态度,更取决于权利主体的自由选择。影响主体选择权行使的因素很多,其中社会性因素的影响至关重要。在社会生活中,人们对法律的回避成为私力救济存在的直接依据。在社会控制系统中,私力救济的存在依赖于诸多因素,它与人性、社会秩序、国家和文化有着千丝万缕的联系。因此,从私力救济的构成性因素入手,有利于澄清人们对私力救济的误读。在救济体系中,私力救济与公力救济各有优劣,它们相互依存、互为补充。在中国社会中,私力救济与中华民族传统文化一脉相承,具有深厚的合法性基础。在当代中国法治国家建构的过程中,公力救济与私力救济具有同时存在的可能与必然,因此,在社会控制系统中,构筑私力救济与公力救济共治的理想模式具有极强的现实性。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an effective means of remedies, a private remedy plays an important role in modern society. The theoretical basis of a private remedy originates from differentiating between rights and powers. Remedies have become a combination of private rights and public powers. Therefore, remedies have been sharing between the state and individuals. As to the relationship between rights and remedies, the discrepancy, whether is "rights before remedies" or "remedies before rights", exists in civil law. The result of this discrepancy is that a single, closed remedy system and multidimensional, open Anglo-American remedy system coexist.After the appearance of a country, private remedies have been in the shadow of the fact that a country monopolizes remedies. However, the monopoly of remedies by a country more depends on the free choice of rights subjects than on the attitudes of a country. There are a lot of factors affecting options of subjects, among which social factors are critical. In social life, the direct foundation on which private remedies exist is the fact that people avoid law.In social controlling systems, existence of private remedies depends on all kinds of factors. Private remedies are closely related to human nature, social order, country and culture. Therefore, misunderstanding people have about private remedies will be made clear after analyzing the constituent factors of private remedies.In a remedy system, private remedies and public remedies have different advantages and disadvantages respectively which depend on each other and compensate for each other. In Chinese society, private remedies and Chinese traditional culture can be traced back to the same root and have deep legitimate foundations. In the building of contemporary Chinese as a law-rule country, it is possible and necessary that public remedies and private remedies coexist. Therefore, in a social controlling system, it is important in reality to build an ideal model which allows private remedies and public remedies to rule together.更多还原