【作者】 郑锦燕；

【导师】 周秦；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 戏剧影视文学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 人是一种文化的存在,文化表征着人的进步历程。明清时期江南审美生活是中国历史上最为精致的古典生活方式,代表着生命最高自由理想的审美气质。昆曲作为特定时空下的产物,离不开其滋生发展的土壤。昆曲从明后期到清代中叶,是中国最主要的剧种和文化艺术形式之一,是当时文人及各个阶层人们生活中必不可少的一部分。精致完美的文人文化渗透到昆曲文本及演出中,反过来又影响了当时人的生活。本文以明清时期吃、穿、住、行等日常生活和生活方式与昆曲的关系作为主要研究对象,以文化学、美学、社会学的视野对其进行审美观照。通过对精致、高雅、含蓄的昆曲与同样精致入微的明清文人的生活方式及艺术人生的考察,尽量理清明清文人阶层日常生活与昆曲之间的关系,从学理上剖析日常生活与文学的内在契合点,并进一步总结日常生活对昆曲发生影响的基本规律。全文分绪论、正文、余论三大部分。绪论主要阐释本文选题意义及研究方法,并对相关概念进行了界定。正文部分共分六章。第一章对本文论题的背景,特定时空下江南地区政治、经济、思想、文化等方面进行了简要的概括和梳理。重点在于探求江南文化精神特质。指出江南文化精神既有地缘环境影响,又有中国传统文化的历史承继,同时在明中后期人本主义个性思潮等影响,呈现出矛盾而又统一的质地。在文人日常生活方面表现为人生自适的艺术化生活风尚。江南文人在生活艺术化的同时,艺术在生活化,昆曲作为声色之乐,成为江南文人生活的重要组成部分。第二章到第六章,分别从江南人居文化、饮食文化、服饰文化、出行文化、民俗文化几个方面,分析昆曲与江南日常生活方式的关系。从案头与场上昆曲存在的两种形式着手,分析了昆曲文本及昆剧演出中江南生活文化的映射及特点。从昆曲中的江南生活与江南生活中的昆曲两个方面展开细致分析,如昆曲中的园林与园林里的昆曲,戏中之舟与舟上之戏,昆曲中的酒与昆唱侑觞,昆曲中的节俗与节俗中里的昆曲,等等。并对昆曲与江南生活、江南文化的关系进一步剖析。尤其是对与吃、穿、住、行等生活有关的昆曲人物造型、景物造型,昆曲表演,昆曲在文人雅文化影响下所呈现的戏剧美学风格进行分析论证,也指出了昆曲对江南生活的反作用。通过反思美学和日常生活的重叠,把物质性带回到理智、趣味和伦理之中,还原作为生活方式组成部分的昆曲其娱乐性身份,展现江南文人雅文化与作为文人生活方式的昆曲的水乳交融关系。在此基础上,余论部分对昆曲与江南文化的深层结构之间关系进一步总结、深化,指出昆曲与江南文化都具有传统乐感文化的基因,体现着天人合一的宇宙观念,在中和之美统御下其共同的雅文化特质表现为主情尚文,对含蕴、冲淡的韵味追求,及在审美体验上注重此在与瞬间。由此,论文对历史与现实进行文化反思,对传统与现代性进行理性辨析,从人的全面发展和审美现代性的角度,探究昆曲这一近乎完美的标本般艺术形式与挽歌般一去不复返的江南审美生活方式的价值及意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Human are the existence of culture,and culture is also the symbol of human progress.The lifestyle of Jiangnan Region in Ming-Qing Dynasy was the most exquisite and classical.”Get rid of the feudal ethical and enjoy nature”,represents the aesthetic temperament from the highest ideals of freedom in life.Therefore,Kunqu Opera as the product of a particular time and space,can not develop without the whole time.From the late Ming and the middle age of Qing Dynasty, as the main type of drama and the most important art, Kunqu Opera was an essential part of scholars’life at that time.The most exquisite cultural forms permeated the scipt and the performance of Kunqu Opera,conversely, they certainly affected the lifestyle and status of that time.In order to clarifying the relationship between Kunqu Opera and the ordinary lifestyle in Ming-Qing dynasty,the main object of the study will base on Cultural studies、aesthetics and sociology.Through the inspect of the most elegant Kunqu Opera and the similar Scholars’lifesyle,author try to find out the connection with them, analyze the inherent relationship between the ordinary life and literature,and finally summed up that daily lives an impact on the basic law of Kunqu Opera.The body of this thesis can be broadly divided into three sessions,introduction、main body and remaining discussion.The introduction focused on the significance and research methods of this dissertation,also defined the relevant concepts.Based on the summarizing of the full dissertation .remaining discuss had further concluded the isomorphism between hererogeneous of Kunqu Opera and Jiangnan culture in aesthetic,then authou carried out pairs of tradition and modernity, analysised the value and significance of perfectly Kunqu Opera and the tastefully lifestyle in Jiangnan Region which will never reappear while in the era of consumption.CharpterⅠfocused on the background of this dissertation, have been summarized and grooming the backgrounds of political,economic,ideological and cultural at that time,pointed out that Jiangnan’s cultural spirit not only absorptioned of environmental,but also inherited the traditional Chinese literati culture,at the same time,impacted by the humanistic ideas of personality in the middle and late Ming dynasty.From chapterⅡto chapterⅥ,this dissertation stated lots of Jiangnan’s lifestyle as living culture,culinary culture, dress culture ,travel culture and so on,so as to analyzed the relationship between Kunqu opera and the Scholars’Societies of Jiangnan Region.Through script and performance these two forms of Kunqu Opera , found out the features of Jiangnan’s lifestyle in these two forms,detailed analysis the Jiangnan’s lifestyle that Kunqu Opera showing and the Jiangnan’s lifestyle that Kunqu Opera going,focused on food、clothing、shelter and transportation which had deeping affect in character modeling、scene modeling and other aesthetics features of Kunqu Opera.The dissertation through the reflections on aesthetics and ordinary life,brought the material back to intellect,funny and ethics, aimed at restore the original Kunqu Opera as an integral part of life which had entertainment identity,status and characteris,,finally represented the perfect hanmony relationship between Kunqu Opera and grace culture which mainly made by Jiangnan’s. scholars.更多还原