【作者】 石春娜；

【导师】 王立群；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 林业经济管理， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 作为人类生存与社会发展不可或缺的自然资源,森林还是人类社会经济发展的重要物质基础,发挥着不可替代的重要作用。当今世界普遍关注的环境问题,如温室效应、水土流失等,以及林产品供给不足等问题,都与森林有着直接和间接关系,而这些问题归根到底都是由于有限的森林数量基础上,森林质量不高所造成的。目前林业可持续发展,应从提高森林质量入手,在森林资源可持续利用、森林质量稳步改善的约束下谋求经济增长,最终实现森林资源和社会经济协调发展。因此,在社会经济快速发展的同时,提高森林质量,对我国林业实现长期可持续发展至关重要,对于改善全球生态环境和缓解全球资源危机也具有借鉴意义。本研究的主要目的是通过理论和实证分析社会经济发展过程对森林质量带来的影响以及影响程度和方向,为政府决策部门在制定相关政策时提供科学的实证依据。本文首先回顾了世界林业发达国家和我国林业发展过程中对森林质量的认识变化发展过程,并在此基础上试探性地给出我国森林质量的内涵定义。然后,在参考前人研究基础上,选取相应森林质量指标,采用统计分析方法,对我国最近的七次全国森林资源清查资料进行分析,以明确我国森林质量现状及发展变化趋势。随后,选取影响我国森林质量的主要社会经济因素指标,采用单因素相关性分析方法,对两者之间的关系进行初步统计分析,并得出预期相关关系。接下来,选取全国以及东北、西南和南方三大典型林区作为研究对象,采用经典多元回归模型和面板数据模型,对影响森林质量的社会经济因素进行量化分析,明确各社会经济因素对森林质量的影响方向和影响程度,并与预期相关性进行对比分析。最后,对比分析基础上得出研究结论,探讨了在社会经济发展过程中如何提高我国森林质量的问题。研究结果表明,社会经济发展仍处于资源消耗型阶段,森林质量改善还有待社会经济发展水平的进一步提高；农村经济发展水平的提高可以改善森林质量,但局部地区农村经济发展落后仍对提高森林质量有一定压力；尽管局部区域产业结构优化不能带来森林质量改善,但总体来看产业结构调整对森林质量改善作用较显著；林业投资的增加可以带来森林质量的改善,但程度有限：全国范围内城市化进程不断加快,带来了森林整体质量的提高；人口数量已不再是阻碍森林质量改善的主要因素之一,且随着人口素质的提高,改善森林质量的积极效应显著；林业政策对森林质量提高所起到的直接积极作用也十分显著；科技发展水平的提高,对森林质量的改善作用也充分表现出来。协调社会经济发展和森林质量改善的关系,本研究主要从以下几个方面对结论的政策含义进行了探讨。第一,在发展经济,提高人民生活水平的同时,对资源的可持续经营管理和利用也应给予充分重视,以尽量降低发展对资源带来的破坏。第二,应加大对贫困地区,尤其是森林资源丰富的贫困地区的扶贫力度,改善这些地区农民生活条件,以减少他们对资源的依赖。第三,应加强区域性产业结构调整,并促进各产业内部的优化调整,以减轻资源压力,减少资源破坏。第四,应继续加大林业投资力度,为森林质量改善提供充裕的资金支持,以直接促进森林质量的有效提高。第五,应继续加快城市化建设步伐,提高城市化建设质量,以促进我国森林质量的改善。第六,大力提高人口素质,扭转人们以往对森林质量重要性认识不足的思想意识。第七,在制定林业政策过程中,国家应对森林质量给予更多关注。第八,加强科技发展,促进林业科技进步,提高林地生产力,改善森林质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 As one of the indispensable natural resources for human living and social development, forest is the most important material basis and plays a vital role in socio-economic development. At present, the environment issues are concerned all over the world, for example the greenhouse effect, soil erosion and the insufficient supply of the forest products and so on. Actually, all these issues are not only related to the limited forest quantity but also related to the poor forest quality. Currently, forestry sustainable development should start from improving forest quality. And the economic development should be bound by the forestry sustainable development and forest quality steady improvement. And the coordination of socio-economic development and forest quality improvement should be realized at last. Therefore, with the rapid socio-economic development, improving forest quality is very important for China’s long-term forestry sustainable development, and also significant for improving the global ecological environment and mitigating the global resource crisis.The main purpose of this study is to provide scientific basis for policy-making departments, through theoretical and empirical analysis of the socio-economic development impacts on the forest quality. This paper first reviews the understanding changes of forest quality of world forestry developed countries and China. And try to give a connotation for China’s forest quality. Then, selecting the appropriate indicators of forest quality, using statistical analysis methods, the data of most recent National Forest Resources Inventory are analyzed in order to identify the forest quality status and development trends in China. Then, selecting socio-economic factors index, using single-factor correlation analysis method, the preliminary statistical analysis is done for the relationship between the forest quality and socio-economic factors, and the expected correlation is given. The next, selecting national level and three typical forest areas, such as northeast, southwest and south forest areas, as the study object, using classical multiple regression model and the panel data model, the quantity models are built, and the socio-economic factors impacts on forest quality are clarified. Finally, the study conclusion is given based on the comparative analysis. And how to improve the forest quality with the rapid socio-economic development is discussed.Study results show that China’s socio-economic development is still in the stage of resources-based consumption. Forest quality improvement needs the higher level of socio-economic development level. Increasing rural socio-economic development level, the forest quality could be improved, but in some poor areas the pressure on forest quality still exists. The adjustment of industrial structure has negative influence in some areas, but the positive influence is still significant in the whole level. Increasing forestry investment could improve the forest quality in a limited extent. Nationwide process of urbanization also could bring positive effect on improving forest quality. Population is no longer the negative factor for increasing forest quality. And with the improvement of population quality, forest quality could improve. Forestry policies could improve forest quality directly and significantly. The development of science and technology also could bring the improvement of forest quality.To coordinate the relations between socio-economic development and forest quality improvement, this study mainly gets the main policy implications of the conclusions, including the following aspects. First, with the development of economy and increase of people’s living level, sustainable resource management and utilization should also be paid full attention, in order to minimize the damage caused by the development of resources. Second, poverty alleviation actions should increase in poverty-stricken areas, especially in those poor areas which are rich in forest resources, improving the farmers’living conditions in those areas in order to reduce their dependence on forest resources. Third, the regional industrial structure adjustment should be strengthened, and optimal adjustment within the various industries also should be promoted in order to alleviate pressure on forest resources, reduce resource damage. Fourth, the efforts of increasing forestry investment should continue, to provide adequate financial support for improving forest quality directly and effectively. Fifth, we should continue to accelerate the pace of urbanization, improve the quality of urban construction in order to promote improvements in the quality of our forests. Sixth, population quality also needs to improve further, and people’s awareness of the importance of forest quality should be corrected. Seventh, in the formulation of forest policy process, the state should pay more attention to the forest quality. Eighth, to enhance forest productivity and improve forest quality, scientific and technological development should strengthened, the promotion of forestry scientific and technological progress should be improved.更多还原