【作者】 周峻；

【导师】 刘俊昌；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 林业经济管理， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 南方集体林区林权改革后,林农成为森林经营的主体,林户超小规模的森林经营与森林可持续经营要求的规模经营相矛盾,如何解决之一矛盾?如何帮助和引导林农控制和组织森林经营过程,从而实现森林可持续经营的目标,充分发挥森林的三大效益?这些都是林改后迫切需要解决的重大课题。本研究在对福建、江西和湖南进行实地调研的基础上,从研究林农的森林可持续经营的角度对南方集体林区森林可持续经营管理的机制问题进行了较为系统和深入的研究,为当前我国南方集体林区林改后如何引导和帮助林农科学地管理森林,实现森林可持续经营的目标提供了现实指导和理论依据。本研究采用了PRRA方法、定性分析、层次分析法以及实证研究相结合的研究方法。PRRA方法主要运用于调查区的林户调查,定性分析主要用于阐述了集体林权改革后森林经营管理的影响因素并对这些影响因素进行了界定,分析了各种要素的相互关系。层次分析法主要用于对当前南方集体林区森林经营管理影响因素的重要性排序。在实证研究中,运用了统计描述方法、Logistic回归模型等定量分析方法。其中,Logistic回归模型用于分析编制和推行林农森林经营方案的影响因素。本研究的主要内容包括：(1)梳理了南方集体林区森林经营管理的历史,包括建国以来历次林权改革、森林经营管理体制以及森林经营方案编制与实施情况的历史脉络。(2)运用林农问卷调查的数据以及调查中获得的第二手资料对调查区森林经营管理的现状包括林农森林经营方案编制与实施的现状、林业合作组织发展的现状、森林经营管理人力资源开发的现状以及林农融资的现状进行了大量的统计描述和客观分析,并对它们当前存在的问题进行了较深刻的剖析。(3)运用层次分析法对南方集体林区森林可持续经营管理的影响因素进行了排序分析。(4)从森林可持续经营宏观管理机制的角度,将各种影响因素作为其内在有机组成部分的子机制,构建了一套森林可持续经营管理机制的框架,分析了框架构成各子机制的地位及相互关系。(5)研究了森林可持续经营管理机制框架构成中的每一个子机制。具体研究了森林可持续经营方案的编制及执行机制、森林可持续经营管理组织保障机制、森林可持续经营管理人力资源开发及引进机制、森林可持续经营管理投融资机制。本研究的主要研究结论及成果包括：(1)林农编制森林经营方案的行为受林农的受教育程度、营林收入、是否参与森林经营合作组织、掌握营林技术情况等多层面因素的影响。(2)技术因素、组织因素、资金因素以及人力资源因素是影响森林可持续经营管理的主要影响因素。(3)森林可持续经营管理机制框架构成是由四个子机制组成,即森林可持续经营方案编制及执行机制、森林可持续经营管理人力资源开发及引进机制、森林可持续经营管理投融资体制以及森林可持续经营管理组织保障机制。(4)较系统地构建了森林可持续经营方案的编制及执行机制。(5)设计了森林经营协会的组织体系。(6)设计了林学专业大学生林农培训制度。(7)构建与农林生产相协调的义务教育培养机制。(8)设计了专项基金制度。更多还原

【Abstract】 The foresters become the main body of forest management after Southern Collective Forest Reform. It is a Contradiction between the ultra-small-scale forest management for forester and the scale of operation which forest sustainable management requirements. How to resolve the conflict? What effective means should been use to guide foresters to control and organize the process of forest management in order to achieve sustainable forest management and give full play to the three major benefits of forests? All of these above-mentioned are major issues which urgent need to address after Southern Collective Forest Reform. In this study, on the basis of field research in Fujian, Jiangxi and Hunan, having a more systematic and in-depth study to the mechanism of sustainable forest management in Southern Collective from the perspective of sustainable forest management for farmers. All of these provide practical guidance and theoretical basis that how to guide and help foresters to manage scientific forests for the objectives of sustainable forest management.The PRRA methods,qualitative analysis, hierarchical analysis and empirical study methods were jointly applied in the research. The PRRA study method was mainly used to analyze the survey of forest household in the investigation area. The qualitative analysis was mainly used to describe the affecting factors of forest management,defined and analyzed the relationship between the various affecting factors. AHP was mainly used to sort the influencing factors of importance of the current forest management in Southern Collective Forest.The empirical study methods consisted of Descriptive Statistics, Logstic Regression Model etc. Logstic Regression Model was used to analyze the affecting factors of forest management plan prepared.The main contents of this study include:(1) Combed the history of Forest management in Southern Collective Forest, including previous forest tenure reform,the forest management system and the preparation and implementation of forest management plan.(2) Carried out a lot of statistical description and objective analysis to the current situation of forest management including the preparation and implementation of forest management plan,the development of cooperation in forestry,the development of human resources on forest management,investment and financing for foresters and analysis the current problems on forest management. All of these base on foresters questionnaire data and the second-hand information of survey. (3) Used AHP to identify the sort of affecting factors on sustainable forest management. (4)Look the sustainable forest management as a management mechanism, Various factors will be look as an integral part of its internal sub-system, thus establishing a set of mechanisms framework for sustainable forest management, analysis the status and the relationship of each sub-system of the framework constituted.(5) Rearch the sub-system for each composition of the institutional framework for sustainable forest management mechanism.A specific study of the establishment of sustainable forest management plan and implementation mechanism,organizations safeguard mechanism sustainable forest management, development and introduction of mechanisms for human resource,investment and financing mechanism of sustainable forest management.The major results and conclusion of the study are (1) The behavior of preparation on forestry management plan having affected by the forester level of education, forest income, whether involved in cooperative organizations of forest management, the situation that grasp the silvicultural techniques such as multi-dimensional factors.(2) Technical factors, organizational factors, financial factors and factors of human resources are all the main factors that affect sustainable forest management.(3) Institutional framework for sustainable forest management form is composed of four sub-mechanism. They are the mechanism of establishment and implementation for sustainable forest management plan,organizations safeguard mechanism of sustainable forest management,development and introduction of mechanisms for human resource, investment and financing mechanism of sustainable forest management. (4) having fairly systematically builded effective establishment and implementation mechanisms of Sustainable Forest Management program. (5) having designed the organizational system of Forest Management Association.(6)design of the training system for foresters. (7) having constructed training system of compulsory education which coordinated with forestry production. (8) having designed a special fund for sustainable forest management.更多还原