【作者】 黄杉；

【导师】 华晨；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 中国正处于城市建设现代化的大发展时期,社区是城乡社会最基层的单元,也是城市社会管理的微观基础,处于城市化进程中的社区集中反映了当前城市建设所面临的来自资源环境、经济效率、社会文化多方面的矛盾和挑战。在此背景和形势下,进行生态社区规划研究,对于完善生态社区规划的理论体系,构建生态社区规划的体系框架并指导生态社区的建设和管理具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。以生态学的观点重新审视生态系统和环境资源的价值,产生了新的生态价值观。以生态价值观为出发点,与人类生活的各个领域相融合,产生了新的生态经济观,生态文化观和生态社会观。笔者以社区生态价值观的历史分析和比较研究为基点,归纳人类生态价值观的形成脉络,并提出“当代多维生态社区价值观”的范畴。在新范畴的指引下,提出生态社区规划的“全域布阵”体系：基于“宏观——中观——微观”三层次的布阵技术路径,通过“价值发现——基盘再造——社区动员”形成由“社区土地利用规划”到“社区场地设计与调控”再到“社区合意达成”的规划实施途径。宏观层面,通过重新发现定位生态社区的土地价值,提出确立围绕价值中枢展开的土地适宜性评价方法,以土地利用规划作为主要工具载体,保障社区宏发展观调控和价值管理。通过生态社区的土地利用方式定性、生态社区的土地利用结构定量、生态社区的土地利用强度定容、生态社区的土地利用布局定案、生态社区的土地利用时序定序、生态社区的土地开发形态定形等六个关键步骤,优化社区土地利用和空间资源配置,为实现社区在生态与环境、社会与文化、经济与产业的持续改善做好土地的评价、选择和实施三篇文章。中观层面,通过特定场地社会生态系统结构、过程和格局要素,展开土地开发与建设的管理与调控。以社区场地规划作为主要载体,通过开发建设和后续过程管理,实现系统的要素优化和维护反馈。在社会生态系统调控原理指引下,构建社区理土、社区理水、社区理气和社区理欲等四个规划分项深入。以理土、理水、理气三分项对社区场地自然生态要素进行管理,建立扎实稳固的社区发展基盘；以理欲规划对社区场地经济社会要素进行管理,合理配置公共设施布局以更好的服务社区成员的需要。微观层面,基于宏观层面和中观层面的价值发现和要素调控,通过剖析社区公众参与的现状,分析其参与主体、组织机制和分工演化,提出并论述了生态社区规划公众参与之合意达成的推进方法、阶段分工和辅助技术。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is now in the great period of modernization and urban construction. Communities are the most basic elements of urban and rural society, and also the micro-foundation of city administrative management. The communities in the process of urbanization have intensively reflected the contradictions and challenges current urban construction are faced with, such as resource and environment, economy and efficiency, social and cultural. In such context and situation, the study of eco-community planning has important theoretical and practical significance to the improvement of theoretical system of eco-community planning, the establishment of eco-community planning framework and the guidance of the construction and management of eco-communities.By re-examining the ecological systems and the value of environmental resources in the ecological point of view, we create a new ecological value. Based on the new ecological view, and integrate with all fields of human life, we create a new set of eco-economic view, eco-cultural view and eco-societal view. In virtue of historical analysis and comparative study of community ecological value, the dissertation concludes the shaping of the human ecological values, and proposes the category of "modern multi-dimensional eco-community values". Under the guidance of the new category, a system of eco-community planning named "macrocosm lineup" is proposed:based on the three-level array of "macro-meso-micro" lineup technology path, by the method of "value founding-base plate recycling-community mobilization", form the planning approaches from "community land use planning" to "community site design and regulation" and "community cooperative agreement".In the macro-level, by re-positioning the land values of eco-communities, a land suitability evaluation method is proposed around the central value of ecology. Then using the land use planning as a main tool carrier, to protect the macro regulation of community development and land value management. Through six key steps such as Eco-community land use type set, eco-community land use amount set, eco-community land use intensity set, eco-community land use decision making, eco-community land use temporal sequencing, and eco-community land use development form set, to optimize the community land use and distribution of spatial resources. Do a good job in land evaluation, land selection and land implementation to achieve continuous improvement in ecology and environment, society and culture, economy and industry in the community.In the meso-level, through the elements of structure, process and pattern of social and ecological system in a specific site, the management and regulation of land development and construction are launched. Then use the community site planning as a main carrier, through the development and construction follow-up process management, to achieve optimization of elements and maintenance feedback of the system. Under the guidance of control theory in social-ecological systems, the four sub-planning intensify such as community management of soil, community management of water, community management of microclimate, community management of public needing, were proposed. Through the sub-management of soil, water and microclimate, the management of community site based on the natural ecological elements was established to build a solid stable base plate for community development. Through the sub-management of public needing, the management of community site based on the economic and social factors is established to have rational allocation of public facilities to better the service for the needs of community members.In the micro-level, based on the value discovery and elements regulation in the macro and meso level, by analyzing the status of public participation in micro-communities, including the main body of participation, the organization mechanism and the evolution of labor division, proposes and discusses the advance method, stage of labor division and assistive technologies in cooperative agreement of public participation in the eco-community planning.更多还原