【作者】 陈方红；

【导师】 罗霞；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 交通工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 一体化运输是交通运输发展的必然趋势,是改善运输服务质量、提升运输服务水平、适应经济社会对交通运输更高要求的突破口,而综合换乘枢纽建设又是推进一体化运输发展的关键环节,因此加快综合换乘枢纽建设是当前交通运输发展的当务之急。城市对外交通综合换乘枢纽是一种及以上对外交通方式和两种及以上城市交通方式的交汇点,是具有运输组织与管理、中转换乘、信息流通和辅助服务等功能的综合性设施,是城市内外交通的转换场所,是各交通方式的主要集散地之一。在我国,长期以来一直存在着重线路建设、轻枢纽设计的误区,使得枢纽建设落后,空间布局不合理,换乘效率低下,人为地造成了交通的瓶颈。近年来,在充分认识到综合换乘枢纽建设重要性的基础上,各大城市相继开展了综合换乘枢纽的规划和建设,但由于历史方面的原因,并没有成熟的枢纽规划和设计理论可供参考,亟待开展系统研究。据此,论文结合实际科研项目,从中观层次的场站空间布局规划和微观层次的枢纽交通衔接设计两个方面对综合换乘枢纽进行了较为系统的研究,以期建立一套完整的综合换乘枢纽规划设计理论,从而为更好地建设综合换乘枢纽提供依据。本论文研究内容主要包括以下几个方面：1.综合换乘枢纽概述。运用系统科学的方法和观点,对城市对外交通综合换乘枢纽的内涵、分类、系统结构、功能、发展动力及发展模式进行了分析,建立了综合换乘枢纽系统的三维结构模型,总结归纳了单个综合换乘枢纽和换乘枢纽系统整体的功能,提出了综合换乘枢纽系统的发展模式,并分内外两部分对综合换乘枢纽系统的协调理论进行了梳理。2.城市对外交通客运需求预测理论。需求预测是进行场站布局和确定规模的主要依据,论文在对城市对外交通需求预测生成、分布、方式选择和内部分配4个阶段进行梳理的基础上,对现阶段已有的预测方法进行了介绍,探讨了其适应条件及存在的不足,并在交通一体化的背景下,根据城市对外交通需求预测工作的实际需求,对各阶段预测模型进行了相应的调整和完善。3.城市对外交通客运场站系统布局优化。对城市对外交通客运场站独立布局和联合布局两种布局模式的特点和适应条件进行了分析和总结,从城市道路资源占用和旅客出行成本两个角度对客运场站的空间布局情况进行了论证,在此基础上,以市内旅客出行成本最低为目标建立了布局优化模型,并给出了算法,同时,对综合运输体系下公路客运场站体系进行了重构分析。4.综合换乘枢纽交通衔接设计研究。系统分析了综合换乘枢纽的功能,认为其功能定位应从枢纽本身及其参与交通方式两个层次来进行,分析了综合换乘枢纽换乘关系和换乘需求预测结果形式,提出了基于比较完善基础资料条件下的换乘需求预测方法——两大步骤法,并以成都双流国际机场综合换乘枢纽为例验证了方法的有效性和可操作性。指出了当前枢纽各设施规模测算存在的问题及解决措施,建立了设施空间布局优化模型,并给出了模型的求解方法,对综合换乘枢纽交通组织进行了探讨,认为枢纽交通组织可分为内部人流组织、外部车流组织和内外结合部的人车组织3部分,同时,给出了交通组织设计的原则和步骤,建立了评价枢纽交通组织优劣的指标体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Integrated transportation, as an inevitable trend of transportation development, is the breach to improve transportation qualities and services. In order to promote integrated transportation, it is the critical issue to construct integrated transfer hub. Integrated transfer hub is the interchange of one or one more intercity transportation and two or two more urban transportations, which is an integrated facility that can realize the functions of transportation organization and management, passengers transfer, information circulation and auxiliary services. Integrated transfer hub is a distributing center of every transportation mode, which connects external and incity traffic.In China, there exists misunderstanding that line construction has been considering much more important than hub design. Recently, on the basis of fully realizing the important of integrated transfer hub, many cities began to plan and build integrated transfer hub. However, due to historical reasons, no mature hub planning and construction theory can be referred, it is urgent to do research on it. Therefore, based on the practical research, the dissertation studied the integrated transfer hub from the two aspects, which are planning of the station spatial arrangement in the medium aspect and design of hub traffic connection in the micro aspect, in the hope of set up an integrated theory of transfer hub planning and design.The main work accomplished in the dissertation was as followings:1. Analysis of integrated transfer hub system. By using the methods and theories of system approach, the denotation, categories, structure, functions, development dynamic and development models were analyzed. A tri-dimensional structure model of integrated transfer hub was set up. The functions of a single integrated transfer hub and the whole transfer hub were summarized. Meanwhile, the development models and life cycle model were proposed and coordination theory was hackled internally and externally.2. Demand forecasting theory of urban external passenger transport. Demand forecasting is the major basis for determining station layout and its scale. On the basis of hackling the trip generation, destination choice, mode choice and internal assignment, the existing forecasting methods were introduced, and their adaptive conditions and deficiency were discussed. According to the practical needs for the urban external passenger transport demand forecasting, models in each phrase were adjusted and perfected.3. Layout optimization of urban external passenger transport station system. The characteristics and adaptive conditions of independent and joint layout were analyzed and summarized. From the perspectives of urban road occupation and passenger trip cost, the layout of the station was demonstrated. On this basis, an optimized layout model was established in order to achieve the lowest passenger trip cost, and the algorithm was presented. Furthermore, the highway passenger station system was conducted reconstruction analysis.4. Research on traffic connection design of integrated transfer hub. The functions of integrated transfer hub were analyzed, which were considered in two levels:the hub itself and the way it was involved in transport. The transfer relations of integrated transfer hub and result forms of demand forecasting were analyzed, and the methods of transfer demand forecasting were proposed. Meanwhile the validity and operability of the method were verified, taking Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport hub as an example. In the dissertation, the existing problems of the calculation of the facility in the hub and their solutions were pointed out. Then an optimized model of facility layout was created, and the solution method was provided. Through the study of traffic organization, it could be divided into three parts:internal people flow organization, external wagon flow organization and internal-external people-wagon organization. Finally, the principles and stages of traffic organization design were presented and index system that evaluated traffic organization was established.更多还原