【作者】 丰伟；

【导师】 罗霞；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 交通工程， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 当前,随着高速铁路、客运专线、城际铁路、城市轨道交通以及高速公路等为代表的交通基础设施的突飞猛进,我国综合运输网络结构将发生重大调整。大型综合换乘枢纽作为区域综合运输网络结构中的关键节点,同时也是城市交通系统的核心组成部分,在面临城市交通拥堵、交通供需矛盾突出等诸多问题的同时,也面临着自身系统换乘结构的重大变革。面对新形势和新挑战,如何有效发挥综合换乘枢纽在“锚固”城市交通网络和区域综合运输网络中的突出作用,增强供给的有效性,调节需求的有序性,提高网络结构的完备性,提升系统结构的合理性,是当前亟待解决的重大交通问题。综合换乘枢纽在城市经济社会发展中的重要地位和突出作用,得到了地方政府和相关部委的高度重视和极大支持,枢纽布局规划、结构设计以及开工建设等工作开展的如火如荼,部分城市抢先一步已拥有了作为城市标志性工程的大型综合换乘枢纽,运输枢纽发展的春天已经到来。在此关键发展阶段,综合换乘枢纽的生动实践急需得到理论上的支撑和优化,同时理论也需要实践来进一步明确研究的方向和重点。基于此,论文开展综合换乘枢纽演变机理、流程组织优化、可靠性分析、综合信息协调平台构建以及枢纽整合体系研究工作,具有重要的理论价值和现实指导意义。论文结合我国综合运输网络结构以及城市交通发展特点,围绕提高综合换乘枢纽换乘效率和整合效益的双重目标,紧紧瞄准枢纽快捷性、可靠性、协调性和高效性“四位一体”的时代特点,重点就综合换乘枢纽演变机理、换乘组织优化、系统可靠性分析、综合信息协调平台以及枢纽整合体系进行研究。主要研究内容如下：(1)综合换乘枢纽演变机理研究。该部分在分析枢纽、运输枢纽和综合客运枢纽概念和分类的基础上,对综合客运枢纽与综合换乘枢纽做了对比分析,明确了综合换乘枢纽发展的方式、重点以及方向。该部分提出了综合换乘枢纽熵和综合换乘枢纽耗散的概念,验证了综合换乘枢纽的耗散结构性。运用枢纽熵和枢纽耗散两者相互矛盾运动的原理,深刻阐述了综合换乘枢纽发展和演变的机理。(2)综合换乘枢纽换乘组织研究。该部分提出了从功能模块组合、流线设计优化以及流程组织再造的角度对综合换乘枢纽换乘组织的研究方法。运用图论知识,在提出关联度模型和矩阵的基础上,建立了基于最短换乘时间和最小换乘成本的功能模块组合优化双层约束模型。通过对流线重要度、流线距离、流线冲突和流线瓶颈的定量分析,建立了基于换乘广义费用最省的流线设计优化模型。以流程功能再造、流程结构再造和流程管理模式再造为基础,构建了综合换乘枢纽流程再造理论基本框架。(3)综合换乘枢纽系统可靠性分析。该部分在给出综合换乘枢纽可靠度定义的基础上,就枢纽系统可靠度的影响因素、分析流程进行了研究。重点选取综合换乘枢纽系统网络连通可靠度、换乘时间可靠度、换乘能力可靠度以及恢复可靠度四个指标进行建模计算,提出了综合换乘枢纽系统可靠度的量化方法,建立了基于可靠度的综合换乘枢纽系统优化的模型,并对提高系统可靠度的对策和措施作了分析。(4)综合换乘枢纽信息协调平台研究。该部分建立了由综合信息采集、信息处理、信息反馈与发布组成的综合信息协调平台框架。从时间协调、空间协调以及应急事件协调三方面重点对综合信息处理进行研究。建立了分类别分时段的时间协调模型、流量协调模型以及基于时间和流量协调的双层约束模型,优化综合换乘枢纽信息协调机制,构建了综合换乘枢纽应急事件信息协调平台框架。(5)综合换乘枢纽整合体系研究。该部分明确了研究对象整合的概念、内容以及流程,给出了整合的数学描述方法,并就综合换乘枢纽整合的内外动力机制进行了剖析。构建了由规划建设整合度、运营管理整合度、枢纽系统内外整合度组成的整合度评定指标体系,建立了考虑权重灵敏度的基于可变权重的综合换乘枢纽整合度评定方法体系。最后运用实例对整合度评定方法体系进行了计算和验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, as the transportation infrastructure, including the expressway railway, passenger railway line, inter-city railway, metro and express highway, takes off, China will restructure the comprehensive transportation network greatly. As a key knot of regional comprehensive transportation network and a core component of municipal transportation system, the large-sized comprehensive transfer hub is confronted with many troubles, such as traffic jams and fierce contradictions between the demand and supply of transportation. Besides, it also encounters the important reform of the transfer structure in its own system. In face of the new station and challenge, some prominent problems are in want of solutions, such as how to fully exert the outstanding role of the comprehensive transfer hub in "anchored" municipal transportation network and regional transportation network, how to boost the supply effectiveness, how to regulate the demand order, how to enhance completion of network structure, and how to raise up the rationality of the systematic structure.Local governments and relevant ministries and departments attach great importance to the comprehensive transfer hub’s significant status and prominent role in municipal economic and social development, and they also support the hub greatly. Therefore, the layout planning, structure design and construction of the hub are being carried out very well, and some cities have taken lead in bearing large-scale comprehensive transfer hub which is regarded as a city landmark. Undoubtedly, the transportation hub has been in the rut of rapid development. At this key juncture, the actively practice of the comprehensive transfer hub is quite in need of theatrical support and optimization. Meanwhile, the theory needs the practice to further clarify the direction and key points of the research. On such a basis, it analyzes the evolution mechanism, process optimization and reliability of the comprehensive transfer hub, establishes the comprehensive information coordination platform, and researches the overall hub system in this paper. Therefore, this paper is valuable in theory and meaningful in practical guidance.Based on this, it combines the structure of the comprehensive transportation network and characters of municipal transportation in China and centers in the double object of promoting efficiency and integrating benefits of the comprehensive transfer hub in this paper. Additionally, it targets at the hub’s time characteristics, such as the high speed, reliability, coordination and high efficiency, and it prominently analyzes the evolution mechanism, transfer structure organization and system reliability of the comprehensive transfer hub. Moreover, it researches the comprehensive information coordination platform and the hub integration system. The main research contents are as follows:(i) Research on the evolution mechanism of the transfer hub. In this part, it comparatively analyzes the comprehensive passenger transportation hub and the comprehensive transfer hub, on the basis of the analysis on the conception and classification of the hub, transportation hub, and comprehensive passenger transportation hub. It also clarifies methods, key points and directions for the development of the comprehensive transfer hub. It points out conceptions of the hub entropy and comprehensive transfer dissipation, and it also verifies the dissipative structure of the comprehensive transfer hub in this part. Moreover, it sets forth the development and evolution mechanism of the comprehensive transfer hub by means of utilizing the theory that the hub entropy and dissipation are contradictory to each other.(ii) Research on the transfer organization of the comprehensive transfer hub. In this part, it figures out the method of researching the transfer organization of the comprehensive transfer hub from those aspects like functional combining functional modules, optimizing streamline design, and re-organizing processes. Through implementing the graph theory, it establishes the optimized and doubly restricted model with the functional module combination of the least transfer time and the lowest transfer cost, on the basis that the model and matrix of relativity degree is put forward. By the quantitative analysis on the importance, distance, conflict and bottleneck of the streamline, it makes up the optimized model of the streamline design which is the cheapest in the broad transfer sense. Based on the reconstruction of the process function, process structure and process management model, it shapes the basic theoretical framework for process reengineering of the comprehensive transfer hub.(iii) Research on the system reliability of the comprehensive transfer hub. In this part, it studies the influential factors and analysis process of the hub’s reliability on the basis that the reliability of the comprehensive transfer hub is defined. It mainly choose four indexes of the comprehensive transfer hub to account, including connection reliability of the system network, transfer time reliability, transfer ability reliability, and recovery reliability, and then it brings forward how to quantify the system reliability of the comprehensive transfer hub. Besides, it builds up the system optimization model for the comprehensive transfer system on the basis of reliability, and it also analyzes how to promote the system reliability.(iv) Research on the information coordination platform of the comprehensive transfer hub. In this part, it forms up the framework of the comprehensive information coordination platform which consists of collection, processing, feedback and publication of the comprehensive information. From time, space and emergency, it importantly researches the processing of the comprehensive information. In accordance with the classification and time-period, it establishes the time coordination model, flux coordination model and the doubly restricted model which is based on coordination of time and flux. Besides, it optimizes the information coordination mechanism of the comprehensive transfer hub, and shapes the framework for emergency information coordination platform of the comprehensive transfer hub.(v) Research on the integration system of the comprehensive transfer hub. In this part, it clearly points out the integration conception, contents and process of the research target, and brings forwards the integrated mathematic description method. Additionally, it analyzes the internal and external dynamic mechanism of integrating the comprehensive transfer hub. It also makes up the estimation index system composed of planning and construction integration, operation and management integration, as well as internal and external integration of the hub system. Moreover, it sets up the estimation method system of the comprehensive transfer hub’s integration which takes the weight sensitivity into consideration and regards the changeable weight as the base. Finally, it calculates and verifies the estimation method system by case study.更多还原