【作者】 邱志雄；

【导师】 金一丞； 方祥麟；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 为研究海上船舶碰撞、搁浅危险监督管理的方法,构建保障沿海船舶航行安全、防止水域环境污染的最后一道防线,最大限度地避免船舶交通事故的发生,本文归纳总结了海内外专家学者在船舶碰撞、搁浅、决策支持等方面研究的现状及存在问题,对海上船舶碰撞、搁浅危险性和船舶避碰、避浅行动的实践进行了研究。在此基础上研究并提出船舶形成碰撞紧迫局面时间(TCQA)和船舶形成搁浅紧迫局面时间(TCQG)的概念及其数学模型；建立船舶碰撞、搁浅危险判定准则和评价数学模型；基于AIS在船舶航行安全中发挥越来越重要作用的现实,提出并组织研制了远程网络数字化多终端VHF无线电话(Net VHF);最后,提出海上船舶碰撞、搁浅危险监管智能决策支持系统的设计思路。本文对所提出的数学模型进行了模拟检验,结果表明：模型融合AIS、VTS、ECDIS等信息,综合考虑影响船舶碰撞、搁浅危险监管的各种主要因素,满足远程、实时船舶碰撞、搁浅危险监管的要求。其中,TCQA和TCQG可作为一种新的船舶碰撞、搁浅危险判定与报警方法,避免了以往研究将TCPA作为船舶碰撞危险判定的主要因素和以船位抵达报警线作为船舶搁浅危险报警所存在的缺陷。Net VHF作为一种新的船岸无线电话通信方式,拓展了VHF无线电话岸上的通信距离,实现与海事AIS信息网同样覆盖的远程船岸直接、实时的无线电话通信,满足远程海上船舶碰撞、搁浅危险监督管理的无线电话通信需求。所提出的海上船舶碰撞、搁浅危险监督管理智能决策支持系统基本框架,通过海上船舶当前和最大碰撞、搁浅危险及发生碰撞、搁浅紧迫局面的紧迫程度,以及船舶避碰、避浅建议方案的实时评价与决策,实现海上船舶碰撞、搁浅危险监督管理的智能决策支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the supervision methods of collision and grounding risks for vessel at sea, to set up the last defense line of safe navigation in coastal line and to prevent the environmental pollution in coastal water, and to avoid the occurrence of vessel traffic accident, this dissertation summarizes the present situation and the existing problems of research on vessel collision, vessel grounding and decision support by domestic and overseas scholars, studies on the risks of vessel collision, vessel grounding and the related practical actions to avoid the vessel collision and grounding. The concepts and calculation methods of the time to close-quarters situation of approach (TCQA) and the time to close-quarters situation of ground (TCQG) are studied and proposed. The supervision criterion and the supervision evaluation mathematical model of collision and grounding risks for vessel are presented. Based on the fact that AIS is playing more and more important role in the field of vessel navigation safety, a long-distance and multi-terminal network of digital VHF radio telephone (Net VHF) is proposed and well organized for developing by the author. Finally, the design mentality of intelligent decision support system for the supervision of collision and grounding risks for vessel at sea is proposed.The mathematical models proposed in the paper are verified by using of the simulation method. The results show that the models can make full use of the information provided by AIS, VTS and ECDIS, can consider the main factors that affect the supervision of vessel collision and grounding risks, and can meet the requirements of the long-distance and real-time supervision of vessel collision and grounding risks. Among the results, TCQA and TCQG can be used as a new method to judge and alarm the vessel collision and grounding risks, avoiding the deficiencies of regarding TCPA as one of the direct factors to judge the vessel collision risk and using the guard line to alert the vessel grounding risk in the previous studies; as a new mode of ship-to-shore radio telephone communication, Net VHF expands the communication distance of VHF on shore, with the AIS information network covering the same long-distance and real-time ship-to-shore radio telephone communication, and meets radio telephone communication needs of the long-distance supervision of vessel collision and grounding risks; The intelligent decision support for supervision of collision and grounding risks vessel at sea is realized with the real-time evaluation and decision-making of the current and the most biggest vessel collision and grounding risks, the urgent degree to close-quarters situation of approach, as well as the suggestion of avoidance actions of vessel collision and grounding, in the basic framework of intelligent decision support system for supervision of collision and grounding risks for vessel at sea.更多还原