【作者】 韦学锐；

【导师】 于兴河；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 松辽盆地北部扶杨油层以干旱环境的河流相沉积为主,砂地比低、储层物性横向变化快、砂层厚度较薄。近年来采用地震技术来研究储层,虽然提高了岩性预测精度,但由于无法精确描述储层的分布特征及其与油气成藏之间关系的研究,导致本区针对隐蔽油气藏部署的探井成功率较低。因此,如何合理而高效地利用地球物理处理与解释信息,并采用相控储层建模技术来解决储层预测问题是当前储层研究的核心。本文以肇源南扶余油层为例,以地震地质模式识别储层预测、大倾角地层微幅度构造识别、有效河道砂体判别、相控储层建模等核心技术为基础,开展了充分利用地震处理与解释储息的,并适合坳陷湖盆河流储层的相控地质建模研究。通过对单井层序地层和沉积相特征的分析,获得各层序的沉积微相发育类型;开展地震保真处理流程试验,形成了针对扶余油层特点(坳陷湖盆干旱环境河流相沉积)的保幅处理流程,并对本区地震资料进行处理;通过井震结合确定了研究区目的层的层序格架,对三级层序对应的地震层位进行精细解释;通过模式判别技术,提取各四级层序单元内的储层厚度,实现薄互层砂岩的储层精细预测;利用地震沉积学基本原理,利用保幅处理成果,采用基于参考标准层的层拉平精细解释、最佳属性视窗刻画等技术清晰刻画了曲流河点砂坝的分布;通过构造精细成图,削弱构造趋势方法,突出了隐蔽微幅度构造;在薄层储层精细预测和河道砂识别的基础上,结合单井沉积微相分析结果,在平面上划分出各层序的沉积相带,选择可靠的沉积相带参与地质建模。通过该方法建立了研究区精细地质模型,应用建立的综合地质模型开展储集层的空间展布特征、成藏应力条件研究,提出钻探目标,解决了生产部署中有效储层无法预测、储层与成藏动力不匹配等难题。本文主要创新点如下:1、通过井震模式判别技术,在井资料较少区域,预测每一地震道地下地质组合;并以四级层序单元为最小单位提取储层厚度,实现了去除强地震反射轴屏蔽影响的接近单砂体级别的精细储层预测。2、通过构造精细成图、削弱构造趋势方法,实现大倾角地层背景中微幅度构造识别,既突出了隐蔽微幅度构造,又保持了大的构造形态,为河流相隐蔽构造圈闭识别探索出一种简单易行的识别方法。3、提出利用模式判别储层预测与单井沉积相划分成果相结合,划分优势相带,识别出有效储层,较好地解决了扶余油层有效砂岩地震资料无法预测的问题。本文提出的方法流程适用于坳陷湖盆河流相沉积的勘探阶段后期到油藏评价阶段的地质建模工作,已在松辽盆地北部的朝长地区推广应用并取得了较好的效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 The reservoir sand of Fu Yang oil layer is arid environment fluvial deposition in the South of Song-Liao Basin. Comparing with the other areas, the sandstone/stratum is lower, the lateral variation of reservoir physical properties is larger, and the thickness of sand is thinner. Although, applying seismic techniques in reservoir study increase the accurate of lithologic prediction in recent years, the research can not precise identify the characters of reservoir distribution and the relationship between reservoir and hydrocarbon accumulation. As a result, the successful ratio of exploration well deployment to subtle oil-gas reservoir is lower than our expectation. Therefore, using geographic information processing and interpretation efficiently and reasonably, then fix the reservoir prediction by facies-controlled reservoir modeling is the key point to solve reservoir study problems at present.In this paper, we establish facies-controlled reservoir modeling suitable for fluvial reservoir of depression lake basin by utilizing seismic processing and interpretation information-with Fu Yang oil layer of the Zhao Yuan Nan as an example, which is based on mode determination reservoir prediction, conformation identification in high dip angle strata, fluvial sand body identification and facies-controlled reservoir model. Through the analysis for single well sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary facies features, obtain the type of sedimentary facies in each stratum. We developed seismic relative amplitude preserved processing flow experiment, formed a seismic relative amplitude preserved processing flow suitable for sedimentary characteristics of Fu Yang oil layer. Target layer sequence stratigraphic framework of Zhao Yuan Nan is determined, then, seismic horizon correspondence with third-order sequence can be interpreted. We get reservoir thickness of each fourth order sequences; implement fine reservoir prediction of thin-interbedded sandstone. The distribution characters of meandering river point bar has been depicted based on many techniques of seismic sedimentology basic principle, seismic relative amplitude preserved processing results, seismic horizon flattening interpretation using the reference layer and reservoir identification by short time window seismic attribute. The subtle micro-range structure can be recognized by means of fine structural map and weakening structural trend. Plane sedimentary facie zones of each stratum were divided, and then build geological model base on the result of fine reservoir prediction of thin-nterbedded sandstone and fluvial sand body identification. Finally, we build fine geological model of Zhao Yuan Nan, and propose drilling targets by researching the spatially distributing feature of reservoir and reservoir forming stress conditions through the application of fine geological model. It effectively solved the problem that effective reservoir was hard to prediction and does not math the reservoir-forming dynamic. Through the studies that mentioned above, the following essential awareness and conclusions had been made in this dissertation:1. This research work predicts geologic structural association of average seismic trace by the means of mode determination reservoir prediction technology in areas less well data. reservoir thickness of each fourth order sequences was be predicted, fine reservoir prediction in single sand body level was realized without influence of strong high energy shield.2. The subtle micro-range structure can be recognized by fine structural map and weakening structural trend in high dip angle strata. By using this method, one hand we can highlight subtle micro-range structure, on the other hand, we can keep region structural shape. So we can find out an easy way to identify the subtle micro-range structure.3. We divvied dominant sedimentary facies by the combination of mode determination reservoir prediction and the result of single well sedimentary facies.This method is suitable for geological setting model from final exploration period to earlier reservoir evaluation. It has been applied in Chao Chang district of the South of Song-Liao Basin, and achieved successful result in recent years.更多还原