【作者】 邵长龙；

【导师】 肖荣阁；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 资源产业经济， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 矿产资源是人类生产资料和生活资料的基本源泉之一,是社会发展的物质基础。矿产资源是有限的、稀缺的、可耗竭的,在开发过程中必须寻找一种有效的经济机制和利益杠杆,约束和调整所有者、生产者和消费者的经济行为,实现矿产资源的合理开发利用,实现资源所在地的可持续发展。本文论述了矿产资源与经济可持续发展的关系以及矿产资源的可持续开发利用对经济社会的影响;分析了矿产资源开发补偿的内涵与外延。认为矿产资源开发补偿机制的基本理论包括:矿产资源价值理论、资源耗竭理论、利益博弈均衡理论、矿产资源开发的外部性理论、矿产资源开发利益共享理论,这些理论要求我们在矿产资源开发过程中要加强对矿产资源的开发补偿。本文通过对我国当前矿产资源开发补偿机制的分析,指出了我国矿产资源开发补偿制度的不足之处包括:资源价值补偿不充分、原产地补偿难以到位、生态补偿难以实现。最后本文提出了重构我国矿产资源开发补偿制度的建议:1.构建中央和地方矿产资源收益的合理分配机制。2.建立矿产资源输出地矿产资源输出的利益补偿法律制度。3.制定有关国家专项基金以及适度倾斜矿业的金融政策:第一,完善中央地勘基金制度,加大中央地质勘查基金投资比例鼓励资源所在地的重要矿产资源勘查;第二,应实施适度倾斜地方矿业的金融政策。4.重构矿产资源税费法律制度,深化有偿使用制度改革,整合资源税费制度,制定反映绝对地租和级差地租的权利金制度以及反映矿业权有偿取得的出让金制度。5.建立利于资源型产业顺利转移或产业多元化发展的资金制度,建立可持续发展准备金制度。6.全面建立环境保证金制度,制定环评方案审查(约束)、成本制度改革(激励)等政策理顺资源价格体系,改革现行的矿山企业成本核算体制。7.建立矿山环境损害行政补偿制度和矿区(矿业城市)生态补偿转移支付制度,制定财政转移支付相关政策。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mineral resource is one of the basic sources of human being’s. It is the material groundwork of social development. Mineral resource isn’t regenerative and in shortage. It should be developed with an effective system of economy and interest. The economic conducts of possessors, producers and consumers should be limited and adjusted to reasonably make use of mineral resource and realize a sustained development in the local areas.This paper is to discuss the relations between mineral resource and sustainable development, and the influence of the sustainable development of mineral resource on the economy and society; to analyze the connotation and extension of the exploiting compensation system of mineral resource, and the subject of economic interest about mineral resource development. It is of the opinion that the basic theories on the system of exploiting of mineral resource are as follows: the theory on the value of mineral resource; the theory on the exhaustible supply of mineral resource; the theory on the balance of gambling and chess in interests; the theory on the external character of mineral resource development; the theory on the common interest sharing of mineral resource exploiting.This paper analyzed the shortcomings of the compensation system of mineral resource in China. They include: the valuable compensation of mineral resource is not enough; the resource compensation of the regions of origin does not reach the designated position; the compensation of ecology is difficultly realized. Through above-mentioned analyses, this paper gives some suggestions about the system of mineral resource compensation: (1) Build the reasonable sharing system between central government and local government; (2)To build the legal system on interest compensation of the exportation of mineral resource; (3) Draw up the favorable financial policies such as special foundation of the government: first, consummate the system of central foundation on geological prospecting, and to broaden the percent of the investment into geological prospecting in order to advantage the local important geological prospecting; second, carry out favorable financial policies to the local mineral industries. (4) Reconstruct the legal system on the mineral resource tax; to deepen the reform on the system of non-free use; to integrate the tax and fees on mineral resource; to set up the system of right money which shows absolute ground rent and distinct ground rent, and shows the system on transferring money of mineral rights. (5) Construct the financial system which is beneficial for the transference of resource industries and the pluralism on industrial development, and the preparation fund system on sustained development. (6) Build the system on the guarantee money of environmental protecting; to draw up the policies on environmental assessment and cost encouragement in order to clean out the system of resource price and reform the system on cost accounting of the present mineral enterprises. (7) Construct the administrative compensation system on environmental damage of mineral enterprises and the transferring payment system on ecological compensation of mineral cities; to formulate the relevant policies on transferring payment of public finance.更多还原