【作者】 伍小劼；

【导师】 方广锠；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 中国哲学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 《大灌顶经》十二卷在中国佛教史上影响很大,第十二卷《灌顶拔除过罪生死得度经》更是如此。《灌顶拔除过罪生死得度经》中出现了最早的药师信仰形态,从石窟壁画和敦煌遗书可知,中国中世时期药师信仰非常兴盛。但是出于种种原因,学界对《灌顶拔除过罪生死得度经》以及《大灌顶经》其它十一卷的研究却没有得到充分关注。本文以《灌顶拔除过罪生死得度经》为中心,以《大灌顶经》各卷为顺序,在文献学的基础上,对《大灌顶经》进行了专门研究,提出了以下观点：一、《大灌顶经》十二卷均为伪经。从经文内容和经文来源上,都可以判断出《大灌顶经》十二卷为伪经,伪经的成分主要来自道教,也有来自民间巫道的成分；经文多处抄袭自先前翻译出来的佛经和中土编著经典。二、不仅《灌顶拔除过罪生死得度经》为刘宋鹿野寺沙门慧简编著,《大灌顶经》的其它十一卷也为慧简编著,从《大灌顶经》中的字词和思想均可判别这一点。三、《大灌顶经》的形成经历了两个阶段。后三卷先形成,前九卷后形成,公元457年《大灌顶经》十二卷被集中编集修订。四、慧简编著《大灌顶经》受到了当时社会环境的影响。一是北魏太武帝灭佛,佛教界中末法感非常强烈；二是当时的道教和民间巫道发展都很快,佛教界中像慧简这样的僧人受到了道教和民间巫道的刺激,转而创撰了《大灌顶经》。五、《大灌顶经》的编撰有一定的目的,全经体现了慧简的宗教理想。那就是囊括人生的各个时段,范围世间的各个方面,甚至于把道教和民间巫道的诸多方面纳入到佛教体系中。六、《灌顶拔除过罪生死得度经》已被证明是伪经,其经又先后三译,体现了文化汇流这一现象的历史性,是为这一历史文化现象的具体案例。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Consection sutra (12 volumes in all) had a strong influence in the history of Chinese Buddhism, especially the twelfth volume Guan ding ba chu guo zui sheng si de dujing, in which the original Bhaisajyaguru believing form had emerged., and the Bhaisajyaguru faith was very prosperous in the medieval periods of China, we can learn this through the grotto paintings and dunhuang manuscripts. But due to a variety of reasons, the community of scholars didn’t pay full attention to the research on the Guan ding ba chu guo zui sheng si de dujing and other 11 volumes of the Consection sutra. Be centered on the Guan ding ba chu guo zui sheng si de dujing, in order of each volume of the Consection sutra and on the basis of the bibliography, this article make a special study on the Consection sutra and come up with the following viewpoints:First, all the 12 volumes of the Consection sutra are Buddhist apocrypha. We can figure out that all the 12 volumes of the Consection sutra are Buddhist apocrypha through the contents and sources of the scriptures. The contents of the Buddhist apocrypha mainly came from Daoism, and also stemmed from the civil witchcraft. Multiple places of the scriptures plagiarized from the buddhist sutra which had been translated previously and the volumes which had been compiled in China.Second, not only the Guan ding ba chu guo zui sheng si de dujing was compiled by monk Hui-jian of Lu-ye temple in Liu Song Dynasty, other 11 volumes of the Consection sutra were also compiled by him, we can judge this fact from the words and ideas of the Consection sutra.Third, the formation of the Consection sutra went through two phases:the latter three volumes formed in advance, and the first nine volumes formed in behind. In 457 AD, all the 12 volumes of the Consection sutra were clustered together for edition and revision.Fourth, under the influence of the social environment of that time, Hui-jian compiled the Consection sutra. One was Taiwu Emperor of Beiwei Dynasty destroyed the Buddhism, which made the Buddhist came about the intensive feelings of doomsday, and the other was that the Daoism and the civil witchcraft were all developed rapidly, which stimulated the buddhism circles, especially the buddhist like Hui-jian, who in turn created and wrote the Consection sutra.Fifth, to compile the Consection sutra, Hui-jian had certain purposes. All scriptures reflected his religious ideal, that was:including different times of one’s life, containing all respects of the world, and even incorporating many aspects of the Daoism and the civil witchcraft into the Buddhism system.Sixth, the Guan ding ba chu guo zui sheng si de dujing has been turned out to be a apocrypha, nevertheless, it’s scriptures were also translated successively three times, which embodied the historical character of cultural convergence phenomenon, and it also became a specific cases for the historical and cultural phenomena.更多还原