【作者】 刘杰；

【导师】 徐时仪；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 中国古典文献学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 《朱子语类》是朱熹与弟子门人讲学问答的记录。该书全面系统地反映了朱熹理学思想体系,论述范围很广,从自然界到人类本身,都有涉及。《朱子语类》不仅是研究朱熹思想的一部重要著作,也是古白话研究的一部重要语料。目前学术界对於《朱子语类》的语法研究已十分深入透徹,但对於该书的版本研究、词汇研究还很薄弱。本文的研究,立足於稀见文献来考察宋代文人语言。全文分上下雨个部分,上编是《朱子语类》文献研究,下编是《朱子语类》词汇研究。全书一共分为九章。第一章绪论,首先介绍了朱熹与《朱子语类》,其次造行了学术回顾,总结了近二十年来国内外《朱子语类》研究的盛况、取得的主要成就,最后提出本文的研究方法和意义。第二章研究通行本《朱子语类》及成书之前的几个重要版本。本章依次考述了宋刻本《晦庵先生朱文公语录》和《晦庵先生语缘大纲领》、明抄本《晦庵先生朱文公语录》和《晦庵先生语录大纲领》、朝鲜徽州古写本《朱子语类》、黎靖德本《朱子语类》。重点介绍了《晦庵先生朱文公语录》、朝鲜徽州古写本《朱子语类》和黎靖德本《朱子语类》。版本的考述,反映了通行本《朱子语类》的成书过程和基本的发展脈络。第三章为中华本《朱子语类》与宋刻本《晦庵先生朱文公语录》的异文比较。本章首先介绍了古籍吴文对於汉语史研究的重要作用,然后分别从异文文字、异文词语、异文与文化史、中华本文本校释四个方面封宋刻本造行了全面的校勘整理。第四章为中华本《朱子语类》与朝鲜古写本《朱子语类》具文比较。本章著重从异文词语与中华本文本校释两个方面考察朝鲜本的学术价值。第五章研究《朱子语类》的文献学价值。朱熹的思想体系,多半是通过对古代文献的整理研究表述出来的。因此,《朱子语类》包涵了朱熹大量的文献学思想,涉及注释学、校勘学、辨伪学、考据学、传统小学等。第六章和第七章集中研究《朱子语类》的复音词。第六章界定了复音词,并考察了《朱子语类》复音词的分布情况。《朱子语类》的复音词,主要包括理学词、一般社会文化常用词和宋代方俗词、口语词。第六章集中考释了《朱子语类》中的“经画”、“顽麻”、“名件”、“榻翣”、“包罩”等十五个方俗词。第七章继续探讨《朱子语类》的复音词。第一节结合异文词语,对论辨析了《朱子捂类》中的48组同义词。第二节从动词、名词和形容词三种词性,封输辨析了《朱子语类》中的28组反义词。第三节考察了《朱子语类》中“急躁＼躁急”、“大小＼小大”、“根本＼本根”、“迫促＼促迫”、“学问＼问学”等31组同素异序词语。第四节研究《朱子语录》复音词的新词新义,一共考察了《朱子语类》中的新词39个,新义22例。其次对《汉语大词典》提出商补,指出失收复音词21例,书证滞后45例。最后考释了《汉语大词典》失收的7个异文词语：“稱贴”、“发撝”、“桔橰”、“秋採”、“困善”、“错总”、“落莫”。第八章对论《朱子语类》中的多音节词语。三字格和四字格的大量使用,是《朱子语类》作为文人口语的重要特徵。本章按结构分颊考释了120个三字格,133个四字格。这些三字格、四字格,正统的文献和辞书一般不收,但确是研究宋代口语和方言的重要材料。第九章总结阐述《朱子语类》的语体特徵、语言特点和研究价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the record of the analects between Zhu Xi and his disciples, Zhu Zi YuLei systematically involves the ideology of Li Xue from Zhu Xi in a large scale from nature to human kind. It is the fundamental work for the study of the ideology from Zhu Xi and the necessary corpus for ancient vernacular study as well. Scholars obtain great accomplishment for the grammatical research in Zhu Zi YuLei nowadays. However, some aspects are still not achieved such as version and vocabulary.Basing on the rare ancient texts to study its language, the two parts in this thesis are about the research of the ancient texts in the first part and the vocabulary in the second respectively.Chapter One is the introduction of Zhu Xi and Zhu Zi YuLei, the summary about the related research and achievements at home and abroad and the approaches in this thesis.Chapter Two is about the popular Zhu Zi YuLei and several important versions before this. Some versions are studied and narrated chronologically in this chapter such as Hui An,Mr Zhu s Analects and Program of Hui An’s analects in Song Dynasty, Hui An, Mr Zhu’s Analects and Program of Hui An’s analects in Ming Dynasty, ancient manuscript Zhu Zi YuLei in Huizhou of Korea and Zhu Zi YuLei of Li Jingde with focus on the last two and Hui An, Mr Zhu s Analects. The study and narration are the reflection of the history and development of popular Zhu Zi YuLei.Chapter Three comes with the comparison between Zhu Zi YuLei of Zhonghua Version with the variant text of Hui An, Mr Zhu s Analects in Song Dynasty. The importance of ancient variant text to the study of the history of Chinese language is involved as the former part of this chapter and the latter is the integrated research of the copy in Song Dynasty from the four perspectives such as the language, the words, cultural history in the variant text and correction of Zhonghua Version.The comparison of variant text between of Zhonghua Version and Korean version of Zhu Zi YuLei is Chapter Four and more attention is paid to the academic value in Korean version from words in variant text and correction of Zhonghua Version.The key in Chapter Five is the value of bibliography in Zhu Zi YuLei. Since the ideology from Zhu Xi is the statement based on the collection and research to the ancient texts, Zhu Zi YuLei covers plenty of bibliography from Zhu Xi, including exegetics, textual criticism, discrimination studies, textual criticism and traditional schools and so on.Chapter Six and Chapter Seven are about the double-syllable words in Zhu Zi YuLei. The definition and distribution of double-syllable words in Zhu Zi YuLei are in Chapter Six. The double-syllable words in Zhu Zi YuLei are the words of Li Xue, general social words, dialects in Song Dynasty and colloquial words. The focus in Chapter Six is the explanation of fifteen dialectical words in Zhu Zi YuLei, including Jinghua, Wanma, Mingjian, Tasha and Baozhao etc. Chapter Seven is the research of the double-syllable words in Zhu Zi YuLei as well. The first part in this chapter is the analysis of 48 pair of synonyms combined with those in the variant text. The discrimination of 28 pair of antonyms about verbs, nouns and adjectives is the main content of the second part. The third part is about 31 groups of allotropies such as Jizao/Zaoji, Daxiao/xiaoda, Genben/Bengen, Pocu/Cupo, Xuewen/Wenxue and so on. 39 new double-syllable words and their new meanings are in next part, and the complement is offered in Chinese Dictionary involving 21 omitted double-syllable words and 45 lagged examples. The explanation is followed, including Chengtie, Fawei, Jigao, Qiucai, Kushan, Cuozong, Luomo in Chinese Dictionary.Chapter Eight focuses on the multi-syllable words in Zhu Zi YuLei. It is the mark for the a scholar to use a lot of three-syllable and four-syllable words in his spoken language and 120 three-syllable words and 133 four-syllable words are explained according to their structures and kinds. They are the colloquial and dialectical material which can not be ignored, although these three-syllable and four-syllable words do not appear in main ancient texts and dictionaries.It is the conclusion of stylistic features, language features and academic values from Zhu Zi YuLei in the last chapter.更多还原