【作者】 顾相伟；

【导师】 李进；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 马克思主义中国化研究， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 在马克思主义理论中,人的全面发展思想占据着核心地位,是马克思主义追求的根本价值目标。作为现代性的反思者和批判者,马克思深刻地揭示了人在现代性所塑造的生存格局和制度安排中日益陷入片面化和物化的命运。作为一个价值规定与历史现实规定相统一的科学理论,人的全面发展思想对当代中国仍具有根本指导和价值导向作用。在当今以市场经济和知识经济为背景的现代化建设进程中,随着物化和工具化现象的日益加剧,人的全面发展的理论价值和现实意义进一步凸现出来。丰富、发展和深化马克思主义人的全面发展思想,有利于推进中国特色社会主义建设,有利于和谐社会的构建和具体实现科学发展观,还可以为我国的政治、经济、文化建设提供指导方针和方法原则,为人的塑造、人的培养、人的教育和人的建设提供理论基础和价值依据。全文共分五章:第一章导论分析了人的全面发展思想的历史渊源与演绎路径,总结了人的全面发展思想的研究现状、理论成果和不足,阐明了论文的研究目的和意义以及研究方法和研究目标。第二章从马克思人的发展三形态理论入手,揭示了人的生存方式的历史变革,阐释了马克思人的全面发展思想的深刻内涵。马克思在承认社会发展客观规律的基础上来论证和设计人的全面发展,从而摆脱了空想社会主义的抽象的人性的陷阱。马克思的人的全面发展思想是实践观和历史观的统一,人(社会)和自然的统一,逻辑的和历史的具体的统一,人类总体与个体的统一,真(认识论)、善(伦理学)、美(审美观)的统一,物质文明、精神文明、政治文明和生态文明的统一。这一思想的形成和发展使马克思和恩格斯创立的历史唯物论获得了更为广阔、更为深刻、更为活跃的内容。第三章着重考察了党的三代领导核心人的全面发展思想。他们继承和发扬了马克思主义人的全面发展思想,并将之与中国的具体实践相结合,实现了这一思想的中国化。他们致力于社会的发展和人的发展,并为之在政治、经济、文化、教育等各领域做了很多尝试和努力。毛泽东的德智体全面发展思想、邓小平的四有新人思想都可圈可点。江泽民把人的全面发展定位于马克思主义关于建设社会主义新社会的本质要求,完善了对社会主义本质的理解和阐释,大大丰富和发展了中国特色社会主义理论,使人的全面发展思想的重要历史地位获得了全新的认识和提升。第四章以和谐社会和科学发展观为视角阐述了当代语境下人的全面发展思想的价值诉求。构建和谐社会是人的全面发展的客观需要,人的全面发展是构建和谐社会的本质要求。构建社会主义和谐社会的过程同时也是促进人的全面发展的过程,不断实现人的全面发展是和谐社会的深层底蕴和本质要求;人的全面发展是科学发展观的合理内核,科学发展观的终极价值目标是人的全面发展,科学发展观是实现人的全面发展的有效途径。第五章分析了社会主义初级阶段人的全面发展的实现条件和途径。人的全面发展是一个与人的现代化、与物质文明、精神文明、政治文明和生态文明持续发展、相互协调、逐步提高的历史过程。物质文明是人的全面发展的根本条件和物质保障;精神文明为人的全面发展提供精神动力和智力支持;政治文明为人的全面发展提供制度保障;生态文明促进人与自然的和谐发展,转变人的生活方式和思维方式,为人的全面发展奠定坚实基础。我们的目标是实现人的全面发展,我们的着眼点是努力实现人的现代化,我们的基点是推动社会的全面进步与发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The theory of human’s all-round development played a central role in Marxist theory and is the basic value goal which Marxism pursued. As a reflective practitioner and repudiator of modernity, Marx revealed human’s gradually one-sided and materialized fate in the human’s survival situation and system arrangement which modernity molded.As a scientific theory which is a combination of value regulation and actual regulation, human’s all-round development is of fundamental and value-oriented use for contemporary China. In the process of modernization set in market economy and knowledge economy, with the deterioration of materialization and instrumentalization, the realistic significance and theory value of this theory is obvious. To enrich, develop, and deepen Marxist theory of human’s all-round development is favorable to advance the construction of socialist with Chinese characteristics, and is favorable to the construction of harmonious society and also to the realization of the scientific concept of development. Additionally, it can offer theory basis, guideline and principle for our country’s construction of politics, economy and culture.This dissertation consists of five chapters:The first chapter analyses the historical origin and deduction route of the theory of human’s all-round development, summarizes the situation of study, theoretical achievements and shortcomings, and clarifies the aim, significance, and approach of the research.The second chapter starts with Marxist theory of three forms of human’s development, reveals the historical changes of human’s mode of existence, and expounds the deep intention of Marxist theory of human’s all-round development. On the basis of acknowledging objective rule of social development, Marx demonstrated and designed human’s all-round development and then got rid of the trap of abstract humanity of utopian socialism. Marxist theory of human’s all-round development is the integration of practice view and historical view, human and nature, the true, the good and the beautiful, material civilization, spiritual civilization, political civilization and ecological civilization. The formation and development of this theory made historical materialism which Marx and Engels founded more wide, more profound and more active.The third chapter observes human’s all-round development of three generations of central collective leadership of our party. They inherited and promoted Marxist theory and combined it with Chinese practice, and then made the sinicization of this theory possible. They devoted themselves to the social development and human’s development and made great efforts in the political, economical, cultural and educational fields. Mao Zedong Thought about all-round development in morality, intelligence and physique, Deng Xiao-ping Theory about new generation of people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, good education and a strong sense of discipline are both remarkable. Jiang Zemin considered this theory as the essential requirement of Marxism regarding the building of a new socialist society, which perfected the understanding and explanation of the essence of socialism and enriched and developed the theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.The fourth chapter expounds the value appealing of human’s all-round development in the contemporary context in the view of harmonious society and scientific concept of development. Building a harmonious society is the objective requirement of human’s all-round development, and the latter is the essential need of the former. Human’s all-round development is the rational core of scientific concept of development, and the ultimate value goal of the latter is human’s all-round development. Scientific concept of development is effective approach to realize human’s all-round development.The fifth chapter analyses the conditions and approaches in the primary stage of socialism. Human’s all-round development is a process which develops, coordinates, increases with people’s modernization, material civilization, spiritual civilization, political civilization and ecological civilization. Material civilization is the basic condition and material security. Spiritual civilization provides dynamism. Political civilization provides system security and intellectual support. Ecological civilization accelerates harmonious development of human and nature, transforms people’s mode of life and thinking and lays the economical foundation for human’s all-round development. To realize human’s all-round development is our respect, to realize people’s modernization is our goal, and to promote social progress and development in all ways is our basic point.更多还原