【作者】 谷娜；

【导师】 舒新前； 张增志；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学（北京） ， 化学工艺， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 本文针对瓦斯危险问题,以甲烷作为瓦斯模型气体,探讨了用表面活性剂有机聚集体增溶吸收甲烷,降低甲烷浓度的可行性。研究了单一表面活性剂体系及表面活性剂复配体系对甲烷的吸收作用。通过对吸收剂吸收性能和稳定性的综合分析,筛选出对甲烷吸收效果好的吸收剂体系—十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、蓖麻油、水吸收体系。进而使用激光光散射、透射电镜、荧光光谱、荧光寿命、紫外光谱的方法对该吸收剂中聚集体的形态和微环境极性进行表征,并利用溶液热力学理论及Mukerjee胶束模型分析了该体系增强吸收甲烷的机理；而后利用气液传质双膜理论对该体系吸收动力学进行研究；最后使用该吸收剂进行雾化吸收、模拟抑爆及现场吸收试验。研究表明十二烷基硫酸钠、蓖麻油、水吸收体系对甲烷有良好的吸收作用,并对甲烷与空气混合物的爆炸有抑制作用。体系增强吸收甲烷的机理是：体系中聚集体微环境极性减少及聚集体/水界面Laplace压力效应减少促使体系对甲烷吸收作用的增强。更多还原

【Abstract】 To solve the danger of mine gas, this paper used methane as a model of mine gas and studied the feasibility of decreasing methane concentration by absorbing methane using organic surfactant aggregates. The effects of single surfactant system and mixed surfactant system on methane absorption were studied. By comprehensive analysis of the absorptive effect and the stability of different absorbents, SDS-castor oil-water combination system was determined as good methane absorbent. Furthermore, the morphology and the microenvironment polarity of organic aggregate in SDS-castor oil-water system were characterized using laser light scattering, TEM, fluorescence spectrum, fluorescence life time and UV spectrum. Then the enhanced absorption mechanism of this absorbent was analyzed based on solution thermodynamics theory and micelle model proposed by Mukerjee. Moreover, the absorption kinetics of this system was studied by double-membrane model. Finally, the effect of this absorbent on methane absorption in atomization condition was studied in the laboratory and in air-return and the explosion surpression effect of this absorbent was studied by simulated explosion test. The result indicated that SDS-castor oil-water system had good effect on methane absorption and could inhibit methane explosion. The decrease of microenvironment polarity of organic aggregate in SDS-castor oil-water system and the decrease of Laplace pressure effect at aggregate-water interface enhanced the absorption of methane by this system.更多还原