【作者】 李梦学；

【导师】 李必强； 诸克军；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 正确认识和了解地球关系着人类社会的健康发展。地球观测是提高人类认识和了解地球的主要手段,因此通过国际合作建立一个立体、多角度、全方位、全天候的全球对地观测系统来帮助人们研究地球已成为世界各国的共识。地球观测已由单一的、相对独立的基础学科研究发展成为空间多层次、多学科和多领域的综合活动。本文以我国地球观测领域国际科技合作为研究对象,在深入探讨国内外地球观测领域发展特点和国际科技合作发展规律基础上,结合相关理论,系统研究了地球观测领域国际合作机制和模式,为我国相关部门制定地球观测领域国际合作发展战略和政策提供参考。本文从不同理论视角系统地分析阐述了国际科技合作在管理学主要理论中的体现,揭示地球观测该领域国际合作的必然性。创新性地提出国际科技合作的四维概念模型,通过研究国际科技合作的动力机制和运行模式,提出国际合作的主要动力来自于：资源的有限性和不可再生性；政治联盟需要；发展经济需要和国际大环境的推动；分析指出影响国际合作的六大因素；并创造性地将国际科技合作中的社会行为与物理学方面的物体万有引力对比,提出了国际科技合作动力的数学分析模型。尝试性地从合作参与主体和动因角度对该领域国际科技合作模式提出了新的分类,通过分析各不同合作模式间的差异性和特点,探讨合作模式与合作环境以及发展时期之间的关系和内在规律。运用层次分析法建模,研究确定合作模式的定量方法,探讨合作模式与影响因素之间的量化关系,为国际科技合作模式的选择提供快捷科学的辅助决策。结合我国实际情况和地球观测领域国际科技合作的新形势,研究符合我国情况的国际科技合作对策。从发展的角度分析了当前国际、国内地球观测领域的状况和发展趋势；提出我国新形势下参与地球观测领域国际科技合作的对策。在分析、对比基础上指出了我国加强该领域国际合作应从建立地球观测领域目标、组织、政策入手,同时加强人才、资金等保障机制建设；针对当前的国际合作新趋势,在总结近几年来我国参与地球观测领域国际科技合作的工作实践基础上,提出了建立国家地球观测领域国际科技合作的组织机构模式、跨部门协作的管理运作机制及项目管理办法；并强调发展中国地球观测领域国际科技合作的保障机制须加强制度建设,完善相关政策,在充分发挥政府引导功能的同时,用制度来指导和管理地球观测领域国际科技合作实践活动。更多还原

【Abstract】 Knowing and understanding the earth system is crucial to enhancing social and economic development sustainably. Earth Observation (EO) can improve our understanding of earth-system processes. This requires an EO system with many technical dimensions including multi-band multi-angle, multiple spatial dimensions and at several different temporal frequencies. Moreover the system must be long-lasting and hence operational. Clearly such a gigantic undertaking can not be done by any single country. The study of earth observation is now changing from single independent subject to a comprehensive system based on the integration of multiple subjects. Based on the related theories, this dissertation systematically analyzes the current status and patterns of international cooperation by exploring the characteristics and contemporary changes in global Science and Technology (S&T) cooperation in EO. The dissertation also provides recommendations to the Chinese government in the development of strategic plans and policies in this area.Discussing international cooperation from varied perspectives developed from several managerial theories, this study indicates the necessity of global collaboration in EO. It is important to study the dynamic mechanism and operational pattern of international S&T cooperation for exploring innovation mechanisms in EO area in China. This study points out that the motivations to drive countries to collaborate are the limitation and un-creation of resource, political alliance, demands of economic development and globalization environment; also important are the related 6 types of momentum of politics, finance, intellectual capacity, environment, location and science & technology. By comparable analyses the social activities represented by gravity theory, this study creatively proposes a quantitative model for calculating the scale of motivation of cooperation. Auther creatively proposed a four-dimensional conceptual model of international S&T cooperation in this paper. In term of participants and motivation, the writer categorizes the collaboration patterns into four groups:one-orientation dominant bilateral cooperation; equal and win-win bilateral cooperation; one-dominant multi-cooperation; polypoly multi-cooperation. On the basis of the theory of analytic hierarchy processes (AHP), this study establishes a model to unveil the relationship between patterns and momentums, which can provide assistance to policy-makers in making decision on cooperation patterns.Given the situation in China, one of main points studied in this dissertation is to develop the strategies coping with the challenges in change in global circumstances by analysis of the current status of international cooperation in EO, points out that the cooperation in the EO area appears to derive from the tendency of long term, multi-cooperation, integration of S&T with economy and trade, including more high technology. This research brings forward to Chinese government recommendations on how China should be involved in and contribute to international cooperation in EO area. By comparing and analyzing, this dissertation stresses that enhancement of international collaboration in EO needs to start with establishing new strategic goals, new organization, policy and especially security system for intellectual capital and finance. Through theoretical analysis and using historical evidence of international programs, it proposes a new innovation mechanism which is a kind of inter-organizational liaison system playing the role of coordination and administration. By being aware of the essential role of a security system, it recommends the formulation of new corresponding policy and regulations to instruct and manage the activities of international S&T cooperation in the EO area.更多还原