【作者】 陈钦华；

【导师】 杨仁斌；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 生态学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 长期以来,农业、农村、农民问题一直是决定我国全面建设小康社会进程和现代化进程的关键性问题,也是关系党和国家工作全局的根本性问题。没有农业的牢固基础和农业的积累与支持,就不可能有国家的自立和工业的发展;没有农村的稳定和全面进步,就不可能有整个社会的稳定和全面进步;没有农民的小康就不可能有全国人民的小康。农业丰,则基础牢;农村稳,则社会安;农民富,则国家昌。党中央审时度势,在十六届五中全会上作出了建设社会主义新农村的重大战略决策,为今后我国农村勾画出了“生产发展、生活富裕、乡风文明、村容整洁、管理民主”的新蓝图。党的十七大又提出统筹城乡发展,推进社会主义新农村建设的思想。新农村建设工作在祖国各地如火如荼开展。生态农村建设作为社会主义新农村建设的客观需要和重要内容,需要更多的理论研究和实践探讨与推广。粗放的工业、滞后的农业、待发展的旅游业和保存较为完好的古镇文化等是我省湘西山区最为显著的特征,本着“保护、开发”的原则,加强生态农村建设研究意义重大。本文综合运用农业生态学、生态经济学原理、规划学、建筑学等交叉学科知识和农业农村可持续发展理论,将生态农村作为新农村建设的范畴,在解析生态农村的内涵、特征和理论基础,分析生态农村的功能,总结回顾国内外新农村建设成功经验的基础上,将“资源节约型,环境友好型”社会建设理念纳入湘西山区新农村建设研究中,结合湘西农村特点,提出“农村田园化”概念,指出农村田园化是指农村居民的生活生产方式遵循自然规律,肯定农村传统生活生产方式不透支土地、不透支资源、不透支环境,与自然和谐共处的合理部分,创造性地利用现代技术,如沼气、太阳能、地热等技术以提高农村居民物质精神生活质量,采纳吸收湘西民居中选址考究、建筑空间布局巧妙、紧密结合地形地貌、注重生态循环、建筑节能的优良传统,设计出基于生态人居理念的生态农村人居环境。宏观上通过空间和村庄功能(工业村、文化村、农业村、混合村)的科学合理规划谋划新农村美好蓝图,微观上将“两型”社会理念强有力地落实在从农村民居设计、工农业生产中,构建一个完美的循环经济实体。探讨出一条适合我省湘西山区的生态农村发展之路。文中选取湘西泸溪县为研究实例,通过分析泸溪县农村自然资源、社会经济状况、发展态势,泸溪县生态农村发展中存在的主要问题,提出泸溪县生态农村的功能定位与可持续发展战略,进而探讨出一条适合我省湘西山区的社会主义生态农村发展之路。更多还原

【Abstract】 For a long time,the essential problem that determine our country in building a well-off society in all-round way and modernization processes are the problems of agriculture,countryside and peasant,it’s also a basic issue that relate to the overall works of Party and state.Without a solid foundation of agriculture,the accumulation and support of agriculture,there can be no national self-reliance and industrial development;without the stability and overall progress of countryside,there can be no stability and overall progress of whole society;without the well-off of peasant, there can be no well-off of all people across the country,if we are abundant in agriculture,our country will have a solid foundation;if the countryside becomes stable,our society will be safe;if the peasant become wealthy;our country will be prosperous.The Central Committee of the Party according to the variable situation, made important strategic decisions on building socialist new rural at the 5^th plenary conference of the 16th,which draw a new blueprint for our countryside on the growth of production,an affluent life,folkway civilization,maintaining countryside appearance,democratic management.The 17^th National Congress of CPC again proposed the idea of coordinating urban-rural development and pushing socialist new rural construction.The new rural construction work carried out in full swing throughout the country.Rural ecological construction,as the objective needs and important part of socialist new rural construction,needs more theoretical study, practice discussion and promotion.The most salient features of Xiangxi area are extensive industry,sluggish agriculture,tourism that waiting for development,old town culture which preserved well,etc,it is of great significance to strengthen rural ecological construction on the principle of protection,exploitation.The essay comprehensively uses agroecology,eco-economics principle,planning studies,architecture and other cross subject knowledge and the agricultural and rural sustainable development theory,then considers the rural ecology as new rural construction category,on the basis of interpreting the connotation of agroecology, characteristics and theoretical basis and analyzing the ecological functions of rural areas,summarizing and reviewing the successful experience of new rural construction at home and abroad,incorporates the concept of "resource-saving and environment-friendly" social construction with new rural construction research in Xiangxi area,and combine the characteristics of Xiangxi countryside,puts forward the concept of idyllic countryside,points out idyllic rural is the laws of nature lifestyle that rural residents should follow,assures the traditional living and production method doesn’t overuse the land,resources,and environment,the reasonable part live in harmony with nature,creatively make use of modern technologies,such as biogas, solar,geothermal,etc,to enhance the material and spiritual life quality,intake the fine sites in Xiangxi residents,cleverly layout construction space,combine the topography closely,pay attention to the ecological cycle,the fine tradition of energy-conserving building,design concepts based on ecological habitat of rural living environment.To draw new rural a promising blueprint through a scientific and rational plan of the functions of space and villages（industrial village,civilized village,agriculture village, mixed village） on the macro-view,implement the two-oriented society ideology on rural living design,industrial and agricultural production on the micro-view to build a perfect circulating economic entities,explore a road suit eco-rural development in Xiangxi area.The essay selects Luxi County of Xiangxi as a research example,through analyzing rural natural resources,social economic status,development trend,the major issue exists in Luxi County rural ecology,puts forward function position and sustainable development strategy of rural ecology in Luxi County,and then explores a road that apply to socialist ecological rural development in Xiangxi area.更多还原