【作者】 狄威；

【导师】 刘军；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 本文以我国内燃机车“修程修制”优化为目标,针对现行“计划预防修”制度下“定期维修”和“视情维修”中“过剩维修”与“维修不足”并存的现象,从系统可靠性理论和机电系统损伤机理角度出发,在理论上着重探讨了内燃机车的系统可靠性评价,机车损伤度与检修周期的确定方法,机车检修的动态优化三个关键问题。重点完成了以下几方面工作:(1)研究分析了国内外内燃机车维修理论与方法的发展趋势,从“以可靠性为中心的维修”理论出发,提出了以内燃机车整体可靠性、累积损伤度为基础,进而优化检修范围和周期,降低维修成本的方法。(2)在RCM理论指导下,结合我国内燃机车的功能、结构和维修特点,针对常见的故障模式,提出了内燃机车RCM维修逻辑决断图。(3)针对内燃机车系统可靠性评价问题,建立了内燃机车系统的可靠性框图;给出一套机车各部件可靠度评价指标,建立了一种机电一体化系统可靠度计算模型,以及基于串并联系统可靠度评价方法,进而从整体角度出发提出内燃机车系统可靠度计算模型及算法。(4)依据线性累积损伤理论,针对内燃机车机械、电气部分的不同损伤机理,提出内燃机车累积损伤度的新概念,建立了内燃机车柴油机、电机和车轴的累积损伤度计算模型,基于系统串并联关系,给出了整车累积损伤度计算方法,并提出了一种重要部件损伤度检测的技术方案。(5)根据部件的可靠度,以系统预期的可靠性水平为目标,针对固定检修周期,提出了一种通过构造状态筛选矩阵,优化检修部件范围的方法,有利于减少过剩维修现象;从内燃机车实际损伤状态出发,以检修成本最小为目标,建立了计算动态检修间隔的数学模型及求解方法。(6)基于内燃机车的实际统计数据,进行了内燃机车可靠度、累积损伤度和检修范围优化的算例分析。结果表明,本文所述方法可行,可为进一步提升我国铁路机车检修水平、降低检修成本、确定机车检修规程提供理论上的参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking the optimization of repair system and rule as the target, aiming at the existing combination phenomena of timing maintenance, over maintenance during the maintenance with circumstances, and lack of maintenance under the prevent repair system in planning, this thesis has highlighted and discussed the three key points about system reliability evaluation, locomotive damnification and inspection & repair period determination, and dynamic optimization of locomotive repair for the Diesel Locomotive in China, based up on theories of system reliability and system damnification of machine & electricity.1. The development trend for the theory and method of diesel locomotive maintenance & repair both in domestic and abroad has been studied and analyzed. According to the maintenance & repair theory which is focused on reliability, a research guideline has been confirmed based on the reliability and the accumulated damage degree of diesel locomotives, which is for optimizing the scope and period of inspection & repair and reducing the maintenance cost.2. A logically-resolution diagram of diesel locomotive’s RCM maintenance has been put forward under the guidance of RCM theory, in combination with the features of domestic diesel locomotive’s function, structure and maintenance and in light of the common failure modes.3. In order to evaluate the reliability of diesel locomotive systems, a block diagram has been established, a set of evaluation indexes on the reliability of each locomotive component, a calculation model on the reliability of machine & electricity and the evaluation method of the reliability of the series and parallel connections systems have been set up, and the calculation model and method of diesel locomotive system reliability has been put forward accordingly. 4. Based on the theories of linear accumulated damage and the difference between mechanism and electricity, an new concept of accumulated damage theory of diesel locomotive is put forward and the accumulated damage calculation model of diesel engine and traction motor has been set up, and a calculation method of whole locomotive accumulated damage and a technical schedule for key components detection on accumulated damage is presented according to the relationship of the series and parallel connections.5. In accordance with components’ reliability and taking the expected system reliability as the target, a method of optimizing the component inspection range has been put forward through structure’s sieving matrix in terms of the fixed inspection intervals. Thus an overmuch maintenance phenomenon has been largely reduced. Starting from the actual damage status of a diesel locomotive and taking the minimum cost of maintenance as the target, a calculation method of dynamic maintenance intervals has been raised through establishing a dynamic maintenance interval model.6. Based on the existing Domestic diesel locomotive data, the reliability, the accumulated damage degree and the optimization of the scope of inspection and repair of Diesel Locomotive have been calculated and analyzed through examples in this thesis. The result shows that the method stated in this thesis is feasible and could be a theory reference for improving China railway locomotive repairing level, reducing the cost of inspection & repair and making locomotive repair regulation.更多还原