【作者】 刘海存；

【导师】 杨印生；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 农业机械化工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 农业产业化龙头企业,即是农业产业化经营的组织者、带动者、市场开拓者,又是农业科技信息中心、科研中心、技术创新中心、营运中心和服务中心,它具有生产和服务的双重功能,是我国发展农业产业化经营的中枢。近年来,吉林省农业产业化龙头企业发展迅速,已成为吉林省经济发展的三大支柱之一。然而,其技术创新能力总体上仍显不足。在技术创新已成为经济增长、产业发展及企业竞争力提升主要推动力的今天,研究农业产业化龙头企业的技术创新对吉林省而言更加重要。本文旨在对农业产业化龙头企业技术创新中的一系列问题进行研究。首先,利用系统分析方法分析了农业产业化龙头企业技术创新系统,运用DEMATEL方法对影响农业产业化龙头企业技术创新的因素进行了辨识研究,分析了影响技术创新的关键因素;借鉴知识发酵模型,分析了基于知识发酵的农业产业化龙头企业技术创新模式,进而分析知识发酵系统中的矛盾现象,引入矛盾解决方法即可拓方法,进行矛盾弱化研究;构建了农业产业化龙头企业技术创新绩效测度的指标体系,以吉林省16家省级重点农业产业化龙头企业为实证研究对象,运用数据包络分析方法对其技术创新绩效进行了实证研究;从知识管理机制的角度,分析了农业产业化龙头企业的管理模式、系统构成、知识创新及知识表达等,并做了基于知识数据挖掘技术的农业产业化龙头企业聚类研究。通过以上研究取得的一系列创新性成果,可为龙头企业的经营决策和相关部门的管理决策提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Leading enterprises of agriculture industrialization are the organizers, explorers, and the leaders of the whole market, as well as the center of operation, which connect domestically thousands of households and the international market as well. It is not only the center of production, the center of information, the center of research work, but also the center of technical innovation and the center of service, which also play an important role in exploring the markets, helping to produce kinds of agricultural products, and provideing varieties of services. All in all, the leading enterprises of agriculture industrialization are the key center of the management of agricultural industrialization. After 21st century, the number of agricultural enterprises increased a lot, as well as a group of large leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization achieving remarkable performance. Though, there are so much perfect achievements, there are still a lot of problems existing in the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization, such as a poorer management and relatively low level of development. The concrete issues may be seen in the following aspects: firstly, the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization are not strong enough to compete with the other international influential leading enterprises whose basis of development is based on their own farms, and we do need such influential enterprises to lead our national enterprises in agricultural industrialization. Secondly, the strong support from high-tech with proprietary intellectual property rights is relatively weak. Thirdly, the sustainability of the development of the enterprises is not strong enough. Fourthly; the level of standardization is relatively low. Due to the problems mentioned above, and in order to solve the contradiction between a big market and a small scale of agricultural production, it is necessary to build up a group of leading enterprises with high starting point, variety of functions, large potential power, and enterprises involving more fields with strong power. Jilin province is a big agricultural province, but not a strong one. The leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization in Jilin province develop fast, while they still need to improve the ability to innovate independently. In such an era when technical innovation has become the main engine to economic growth, industrial development and the competence of the corporation, it seems to be a vital task to make research on technical innovation of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization.The main purpose of the paper is to explore a reasonable theoretical structure of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization. The first is to illustrate the significance of the development of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization as to the current issue in the field. And then make sure the influential factors inside and outside the enterprises by means of systematic analyzing. Based on the research work concerning technical innovation of the leading enterprises at home and abroad, as well as the performance evaluation, combined with the characteristics of the leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization in China, the paper means to set a theoretical structure for technical innovation of the leading enterprises. By means of applying the relevant theories of extenics in knowledge fermentation, the paper tries to make sure the framework of knowledge management for technical innovation in the leading enterprises. A practical survey has been made in the main leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization in Jilin province. From the viewpoint of both qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, the paper makes a significant exploration and systematical analysis on the level of technical innovation and knowledge management of the leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization in Jilin province, as well as the possible strategies and suggestions. The main research work involves:a. Research on the structure of the system of technical innovation of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization. The innovation system of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization refers to the departments whose central work is to conduct technical innovation activities and the system formed by the relevant regulations and environment. The main components include: the strategies of technical innovation of the enterprises, human resource system, fund operation system, the system of research and development of the enterprises and production system. The influential factor from the outside environment to technical innovation of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization include: policy environment, market environment, science and technology environment, information and service environment; the influential factors out of the inside enterprises are: enterprises culture, enterprise resource, management of the enterprises and the environment of research work and development, etc.b. Research on the identification of influential factors to technical innovation of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization. From the viewpoint of system theory and system engineering, as well as the inside and outside environment of technical innovation, the paper explores the influential factors of technical innovation, which are the number of government investment, the level of financial support from the government policy, the level of support from tax policy of the government, the number of the projects of science and technology and the number of fund invested, the farmers’quality, the level of knowledge of the farmers, the level of application of information technology into agricultural production, the whole development level of district economy, the total number of agricultural products in international export, the level of management of service system of science technology in rural area, the number of fund invested in the expansion of agricultural science and technology, the level of socialized service in rural area, the influential factors inside leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization includes: the mechanism of combination and cooperation between the enterprises and research institution, the cooperation mechanism between the enterprises and the media science and technology service organization, the fund used in research and development of the enterprises, the ability of technique innovation of the enterprises, the rate of utility of fund on research and development of new products, the efficiency of research and production of new products, the efficiency of producing circle of new products, the rate of updating producing equipment, the level of enterprises modern management. By means of DEMATEL method, a series of data can be gained, which can be regarded as the main body of technical innovation of the enterprises, as well as the key elements of technical innovation inside the leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization.c. Research on the control mode based on knowledge feedback based on the theories of extenics. The main components in knowledge application and fermentation of new knowledge in technical innovation of the leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization include: knowledge strain, knowledge parent population, knowledge collaboration, knowledge technology, knowledge fermentation, knowledge innovation and knowledge environment. The process of technical fermentation with extenics control in the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization is: by means of strategic designing, evaluating and selecting, and then put forward new strategies which should be suitable to the need of the development of the enterprises. Under the guide of new strategies of technical innovation, the staff that are in chare of knowledge management, technology management will analyze the present condition of enterprises knowledge, the condition of technology, and then collect, classify and select the knowledge and technology, so as to find out the useful part of technical innovation. Useless technology will be removed; useful techniques will directly be moved to fermentation bar to have a technical fermentation. Useful knowledge will be added to the parent population of knowledge and combined with knowledge technology and knowledge enzyme and then ferment in knowledge fermentation bar. The product from fermentation will go back to decisive system by means of extenics, and then the produced fermented product return to decisive system to be analyzed and compared. If the product is within expectation, it will be exported directly to fermentation bar of new knowledge and then be involved in technical fermentation. If the feedback fails to meet the standard, the knowledge will be collected, selected and fermented repeatedly, until the product meets the standard with minimum deviation.d. Research on the performance of technical innovation of the leading enterprises of agriculture industrialization. According to the result from the practical survey to the leading enterprises of agriculture enterprises, set an input-output index for the performance evaluation of technical innovation to the leading enterprises: proportion of researchers, the proportion of researchers of mid or higher level, the proportion of money spent on RD, the original value of the equipment; the output indicators includes: the number of new technology, the number of patent of invention, the percentage of proprietary technology in new product, the increasing degree of market share, the sales quota of new product. By means of DEA, the paper makes a reasonable evaluation and comparison to the performance of technical innovation of the leading enterprises. The result shows that, as a whole, the whole level of input-output in technical innovation is rather low, and there is a serious phenomenon of waste. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the management of the enterprises, and increase the relevant input level of technical innovation, so as to improve the performance of technology innovation. e. Research on the mechanism of knowledge management in the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization. The premise of knowledge management in the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization is the collection and coding of agricultural knowledge. The accumulation and storing of agricultural knowledge is the basis on knowledge management. The purpose of knowledge management is the innovation and the increased value of management knowledge of agriculture enterprises. Data mining may help the enterprises gain the hidden knowledge among the vast stored data, or change some data into useful knowledge for the enterprise. By means of one of the technologies of data mining—cluster analysis, we may arrive at such a result that different knowledge structure of an enterprise may cause a corresponding different knowledge management mode. Different enterprises with different knowledge classification need different knowledge management strategies. Meanwhile, the result of cluster in an enterprise may provide efficient reference information for government, and promote the government to provide better developmental environment and policy support for the development of the enterprises.更多还原