【作者】 骆银辉；

【导师】 夏柏如；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 地质工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 三江并流区地处欧亚板块与印度板块接触带东南缘,2003年被列入《世界自然遗产遗产名录》。三江并流区地质环境极度脆弱,社会经济发展非常落后,但又是我国水能资源、矿产资源、旅游资源、生物资源的富集区。本文根据云南省对三江并流区提出的“开发”与“保护”并重的发展选择,结合区域地质环境条件,提出了三江并流区需要研究的若干重大地质环境问题,并对主要地质环境问题进行专题研究。(1)在分析区域气候特征的基础上,结合实地调查,总结了区内的地质生态环境特征,将生态环境划为四个区类。分析了区内自然生态环境的形成原因,提出了生态环境的保护与改善途径。(2)系统论述了区内地质灾害发育机制,即“三江”并流区地质灾害主要是各类崩塌、滑坡、泥石流危害,其发育机制就是区内地形地貌的改造和演化过程中各种地质作用的动力机制。将促进地质灾害发育的各类影响因子总和—动力势与减缓地质灾害发育的各类影响因子总和—抗力势之间的差值,作为地质灾害发育强度指数,并且用于量化评价地质灾害危险性程度。通过典型地质灾害点的调查分析对各类影响因子赋值,采用多元线性回归方法求解出的地质灾害发育强度指数与影响因子之间的线性方程作为地质灾害危险性量化评价模型,评价了区内典型区段的地质灾害危险性程度。根据地质灾害发育强烈程度和地质灾害发育规律将区内地质灾害分布划为四个区类。根据区内地质灾害发育规律和分区特征,提出地质灾害的防治对策。(3)在研究地质灾害发育机制、分布特征的基础上,结合区域地质环境条件,具体论述了水电、道路等重大工程的地质环境问题、矿山地质环境问题、旅游开发地质环境问题。(4)最后综合所有地质环境要素,选择土地使用条件的优劣性、水资源使用的便程度和水资源保证程度、自然安全保证程度、生态环境条件的优劣性、人类生命活动所需的大气环境的优劣性等五个地质环境因子作为地质环境质量评价的依据,建立了地质环境质量指数计算模型。通过地质环境质量指数的计算,评价了三江并流区典型区段和主要城镇的现状地质环境质量,并选择评价了适宜城镇、村落发展的地质环境区域。论文指出了三江并流区社会经济发展面临的主要地质环境问题,系统分析了各类地质环境问题形成的自然原因和人为原因,并提出工程—经济活动中对各类地质环境问题的解决途径或处理对策。论文成果达到预期目标,能为当地社会经济发展和环境保护工作起到一定指导作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Located in the southeast edge of contact zone between the Eurasian Plate and the India Plate, the Three Parallel Rivers Region (TPRR) was included in the World Natural Heritage List by UNESCO in 2003. Although TPRR is extremely vulnerable in geologic environment and very backward in social and economical development, TPRR is rich in hydro-energy, mineral, tourism and biological resources. The paper proposes several important geological environment topics and case study on major geological environment, according to development choice of development with protection respected in TPRR proposed by Yunnan Provincial Government and combining with regional geological environment condition.(1)Based on analysis on regional climate features, field investigation and geological ecology environment characters, the ecology environment can be divided into four zones. Analysis is made on formation cause of natural ecology environment in TPRR and ecology environment protection and improving methods are proposed.(2)The paper systematically discusses geologic hazard development mechanism in TPRR, mainly involving various collapse, landslide and debris flow. The geologic hazard development mechanism attributes to various geological acting force during landform and topographic feature alteration and evolvement in TPRR. The difference value is used as geologic hazard development strength index (GHDSI) between various influence factors summation-dynamical potential accelerating geological hazard development and various influence factors summation-resistance potential mitigating geological hazard development, which is used for quantifying evaluation of geological hazard risk extent. By means of investigation of and analysis on typical geological hazard points, value assignments are made to various factors. A multivariable linear regression method is adopted to solve linear equation between GHDSI and influence factors, which is used as a quantifying evaluation model of geological hazard risk, to evaluate geological hazard extent in typical section in TPRR. According to geological hazard development extent and rule, the geological hazard distribution is divided into four zones. Control and mitigation are proposed for geological hazard based on geological hazard development rule and zoning characteristics.(3)Based on geological hazard development mechanism and distribution characteristics and combined with regional geological environment condition, the paper specifically discusses geological environment issues related to hydropower, road, and mine projects and tourism development.(4)Lastly, all geological environment factors are synthesized and such five geological environment factors are selected as a geological environment quality evaluation basis to build geological environment quality index calculation model as land use condition, water resource availability and guarantee, natural safety guarantee, ecological environment condition, and air environment needed by human being. Based on geological environment quality index calculation, an evaluation is made to geological environment quality in typical sections and main towns in TPRR and geological environment region suitable for town development is selected and evaluated.The paper indicates the major geological environment issues faced in social economical development in TPRR, systematically analyzes natural and artificial causes to form various geological environment and proposes solution method and mitigation to impact of economic activities to various geological environment issues. The paper reaches the expected target and facilitates local social and economic development and environment protection.更多还原