【作者】 郭吉军；

【导师】 陈晓龙；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 思想要通过“语言”来“言说”,然而,“语言”却无力“言说”出思想。这是困绕思想家的难题。庄子指出了语言无力“言说”思想的尴尬处境。然而,却努力于招唤语言言说的生机。言说的生机从何而来,来自语言自身言说思想的艺术。当以人为辖制的“言说”被丢开,即“忘言”后,“道”之“道说”将因此而被打开,被打开的“道”之“道说”,因此言说出“思想”。文章循此思路,就“言说”的尴尬处,寻找对此尴尬之处境的突破,领受到了《庄子》在此问题上的独特之处。语言能够言说,语言具有言说思想的能力。语言言说的本质就是要将所欲言说的思想带向显露。语言在自身的言说中将所意欲言说的那个存在带向显露,本质上就是语言的“道说”。此道说已经脱出了人对言说的统辖,而自行道出、自行显露。人以此成为了此道说自行显露的聆听者。语言言说,而非人在言说,本质上就是在招唤人作为被言说者聆听于语言诗意的“道说”。从人之言说格局的打破,到走向聆听诗意的言说——“道说”,恰恰就是《庄子》通过自身独特的言说方式,对“道”之“道说”敞开的一条“诗意”的道路。语言的本性在于言说。作为能够言说的语言,本质来自于对那个所说的道出,此道出就是将所思之物带向显露。这种带向显露的过程,就是让存在自然而然显现的过程。而让存在自然而然地显出,正是存在之本真的显露,这种本真的显露,就是“美”,就是《庄子》在言说的带动中向我们显露出来的“美之境”。所谓“美之境”的敞开,就是语言被丢开后,语言所欲言说的那个“世界”的自行敞开。但“美之境”的敞开,本质上来自于语言之言说的调动,也就是说当语言之言说从为人辖制的言说局限中脱出而呈现其为“道”之“道说”后,“美之境”就会在“道”之“道说”中敞出。“道”之“道说”如何可能?“道”之道说在其道说中向人“暗示”出其“言说”,而此暗示,就是语言在成全自身本性时所绽出的艺术,即隐喻的言说。《庄子》文独特的言说方式,本质上就是对道之道说所承应到的“隐喻”的言说。这种言说本质上就是诗,就是“道”之“道说”自行显露时向聆听者传达出的存在的指引和“暗示”,它指示着“道”之“道说”的倾听者,在诗意的伴随中,往“美之境”的敞出中踏入。更多还原

【Abstract】 Thinking through the "language" to "a statement said", However, "language" but can not afford "a statement said" that the thinking. This is the plague of problems thinkers. Zhuangzi pointed out that language can not "statement to say" thinking of the embarrassment of the situation. However, efforts are made to the calling that the vitality of language. Statement of the vitality that comes from, from speaking their own language of artistic thinking. When man-made system of jurisdiction, "a statement said", was put aside, that is, "forget the words", the "Tao "and "Tao said" will be open, open the "Tao" and "Tao said ", so a statement saying that "the thinking" .Articles in this line of thought, on the "statement that" the embarrassment, the embarrassment of this situation to find a breakthrough and lead by the "Zhuangzi" on this issue is unique. Language can be made that the language that has made the ability of thinking. Statement that the essence of language is to say that the idea of the would be said to a show. Language in its statement that will be made by the desire to say to a show that there is, in essence, is the language of the "Tao said ". the "Tao said "has made people get out of the rule that, while out on their own, self-revealing. People to become exposed to this problem that the listener. Language statement said that instead of people saying, in essence, is to be made by calling that person as a person to listen to poetry in the language of the "Tao said". Words from the people that break the pattern, to the poetic words to listen to that "Tao said", is precisely the "Zhuangzi" through its own unique way of saying the "Tao" and "Tao said "open a "poetic"way.The nature of language is speaking. As can be made that the language is, in essence, from out of that said, this is to think out of the thing into the show. This process brought to the show is to show the Bing of a natural process. Allow the existence of naturally show is really to show the Bing, which really shows this is the "beauty", that is, "Zhuang Zi" said in the statement of the lead revealed to us the "World of beauty" .The so-called the "World of beauty " the open, that is, language has been put aside, the language would be said that "the world"to open. However, the "World of beauty" the open, in essence, made from the language that the mobilization, that is when the language of the statement that the system of exemptions from the people saying get out and show the limitations in their "Tao" and "Tao said " after, the "World of beauty" will be in the "Tao" and "Tao said "out in the open. "Tao" and "Tao said ", how could that be? "Tao" of the " Tao said " that in its " Tao" to the person "hinted" that its "speech", and this implies that in the sake of their own language when forth out nature of art, that is, the statement said allegory. "Zhuangzi" The unique way of saying, in essence, is the way that the "Tao" should be invited to a "allegory" the statement said. This is essentially saying is that poetry is the "Tao" and "Tao said ", when exposed to convey to the listener the existence of the guidelines and the "implied", which instructed the "Tao" and "Tao said ", the listener, in the accompanied by in poetic, to the "World of beauty" "Tao" and "Tao said " in the open out into there.更多还原