【作者】 卢国志；

【导师】 宋振骐；

【作者基本信息】 山东科技大学 ， 矿业工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 煤矿安全生产是关系到国家的财产和人民群众的生命、关系到和谐社会创建的一项非常重要的问题。本文通过对近年来我国煤矿安全事故发生起数、死亡人数、事故类别进行分析研究,发现采场及相关准备巷道推进产生的促使围岩向已采空间运动的“矿山压力”及其不同形式的“显现”,是煤矿顶板、瓦斯、冲击地压、透水及突水等重大事故和沉陷环境灾害的根源。因此,掌握在不同采动条件(包括采高、工作面长度及开采程序等)下,采动空间周围岩层运动破坏和应力场重新分布的规律,包括受采动影响参与运动和发生不同程度破坏的岩层范围及其应力大小分布的特征,以及在形成和发展过程中与相关事故和环境灾害间的关系,是煤矿重大事故和环境灾害控制的基础。本文利用现代信息手段,结合煤矿安全开采技术,创建融采场参数计算、采动动态模拟、危险源警示为一体的煤矿安[全开采可视化决策平台。本文详细论述了平台技术支撑体系的两大核心基础——采场立体空间结构模型基础与采场安全事故动力信息基础。建立了采场空间结构参数体系、力学模型、数学模型直至计算模型,着重研究了采动引起的瓦斯煤尘突出、顶板透水、底板突水、采煤工作面项板支护、巷道支护、冲击地压等煤矿安全事故发生、发展变化规律,并建立其相关动力信息基础。本文所取得的研究成果为把煤矿安全开采及重大事故的预测和控制从主要依靠统计经验决策推进到科学定量的发展阶段,实现了煤矿安全实施管理的信息化、生产决策的可视化,将推动矿山压力实用理论的进一步发展和工程实用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The safety production of coal mining is a very important issue that is related to the country’s property and the lives of the people, as well as the creation of a harmonious society. Based on the analysis of the number, deaths and types of coal mine accidents of China in recent years, it is found that the ground pressure and its different behaviors, which is produced by the movement of surrounding rock to the mined space due to the operation in working face as well as the related preparing roadways, is the main factor of coal mine accidents including roof, gas, bumping pressure and inrush water as well as subsidence environmental hazards. Therefore, it is important to grasp the behavior of surrounding rock movement and fracture failures, as well as the behavior of stress field redistribution at the different mining operations, such as the different mining height, working face length and operating program, which includes the extent of the overlying strata movement the characteristics of stress distribution. They are the basic of controlling coal mine accidents and environmental hazards, and also the one of key elements of the current mining engineering science.With the modern information technology and safety coal mining technologies, a visualized simulation platform for safety coal mining has been constructed in this paper including the parameter calculations of working face, dynamic mining simulation and hazard warning. In the paper, the two kernel foundations, i.e. 3D structural model and dynamic information foundation are described, including from spatial structure parameter system, mechanical model and mathematical model to calculation model of working face, especially focusing on the behavior of coal mining safety accidents and its development due to coal mining, such as coal gas and dust outburst, roof water, floor water, roof support, roadway support, rock burst and so on. Also the corresponding dynamic information foundation is established.The results by this paper laid a theoretical foundation, making the prediction and control of major coal mine accidents and subsidence hazards from the main decision-making by statistics and experience to scientific and quantitative development stage, and achieving informatization of safety implementation management, visualization of production decision-making. This also promotes further development of the theory of practical ground pressure and its application in engineering.更多还原