【作者】 孙翠玉；

【导师】 阎立；

【作者基本信息】 上海大学 ， 社会学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 本文通过对东北J省L县的一个客运群体(即文中的K客运群体)的经济行为的考察,试图展现,以牟取经济利益为目的的经济行为,在社会规则的作用下,推动一个松散的群体形成组织,并嵌入到社会结构中的过程。这一嵌入过程是通过对K客运群体形成和运行过程的描述分析予以展现的。这个过程同时呈现了一个地方性制度自发生成的过程。本文从K客运群体成员与市场中的竞争对手、行政管理人员及内部成员之间的关系几个方面进行分析,展现了K客运群体的形成、运营过程,并进一步呈现出经济行为是如何“嵌入”到社会结构中并对社会结构产生影响的。通过对这一过程的展现,我们发现,K客运群体是在行政、市场和社会文化等因素的共同作用下得以形成并维持运营的。K客运群体成员的经济行为内含着市场、行政及社会文化等几方面因素的相互作用,经济行为的结果是诸因素综合作用的结果。因此,“嵌入”过程在形式上就表现为一种组织制度的生成;实质上则体现着市场、行政、社会文化诸要素综合作用的结果。同时,在对本文的分析过程中,笔者发现,社会个体的行为并不完全建立在理性的基础上,而是深受中国社会传统的“人情”、“面子”、“关系”等行为准则的影响。在K客运群体形成、运行过程中,K客运群体成员采取其特有的方式处理与行政、市场以及组织内部人员之间的关系,并体现出以“利益为主、传统伦理为辅”的特点。这样,通过K客运群体组织形成过程与运行过程的描述分析,我们看到了经济行为在市场、行政及社会文化等因素的作用下嵌入社会结构的同时,行政、社会文化等因素也通过影响社会个体的经济行为而影响市场的实践过程。同时,这一过程也体现了社会个体通过组织化的方式,来应对转型社会中的行政力量的影响和市场竞争。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper tries to exhibit, through the research of the economic action of a bus group in L county J province, how the interest-oriented economic act made a loosely connected group change into a closely connected group under the influence of social institution, and how it embeds into the social construction. The process of embedding was exhibited by the description and analysis of the forming and run of K bus group. The process of embedding is also the process of the natural forming of local institution.This paper elucidates the process of the forming and run of K bus group by analyzing the relationship between the members of K bus group and their opponents and the administration, and by analyzing the relationship between themselves. Through the practical analysis of the forming and run of K bus group, this paper explains how economic action embeds into social construction and how it influences social construction. By elucidating the process, we have found that K bus group was formed and keeps run under the influence of market, culture and government administration. Economic action of the members of K bus group is influenced by the interactions of market, government administration and culture, and the outcome of economic action is just the outcome of the interaction. So, the formation of institution can be the result of embedding formally. In fact, the process of embedding incarnates the outcome of the interaction that the market, administration and culture are all involved.At the same time, we have found that, the acts of social individual are not totally based on rationality. They are under the influence of Chinese traditional norms such as friendship, face and guanxi. New norms which emphasize both interest and traditional ethic have come into being. It is this new norms which govern the K bus group members’ dealing with the relationships with the administration and market opponents.So, through the analysis of the process of the forming and run of K bus group, we have found that, while economic action is embedded into social construction under the influence of market, government administration and culture, government administration and culture also influence the practice of market through influencing the economic action of social individuals. At the same time, the formation of K bus group embodies that social individuals get organized to deal with market competition and the power of government administration.更多还原