【作者】 方曙光；

【导师】 邓伟志；

【作者基本信息】 上海大学 ， 社会学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 随着网络在中国的普及,关于网络空间、网络公共领域的研究开始成为学术界关注的一个热点问题,积累了大量的实证性的研究成果,但是也存在着研究的不足。一方面,尽管有从政治学、心理学、管理学、传播学等方面进行的研究,但缺乏从社会学的视角对典型网络事件的个案的深度描述分析;另外一方面,在对网络公共领域的分析上,着眼于公共领域的建构,而忽视了在我国当前的政治、社会架构下,网络公共领域在建构现代公共领域的同时,也在建构着现代公民社会,网络公共领域是现代公民社会的构成及基础。本研究主要围绕“网络公共领域的产生与建构及其对现代公共领域及公民社会建构的影响”这一主题展开,通过对“周老虎”事件的缘起、产生、发展、结果等进行叙事、因素分析的基础上,主要关注四个方面的问题:第一网络公共领域在我国当前的政治社会架构下是如何产生、互动、建立;第二网络公共领域在与传统媒体的互动过程中,通过形成网络民意、社会舆论的过程;第三网络公共领域通过网络舆论促使政府行为改变的过程;第四在以上研究基础上,分析了网络公共领域的形成使得公民与政府之间能够通过网络实现直接的互动、建构,从而形成了现实社会层面的公民通过各种社会组织与政府产生间接互动及通过网络(网络公共领域)与政府产生直接互动的二元社会结构(本文称之为“影子社会结构”),与此同时,网络公共领域从理论层面来分析,是公共领域理论的现代发展,是构建现代公共领域及现代公民社会的重要基础,体现了“结构的二重性”。在对哈贝马斯为代表的公共领域理论的历史、发展、现状等理论分析的基础上,通过对“周老虎”事件的分析,整个事件是普通公民——网民——专家——各级政府——网络平台(网站)——其他传统媒体的完整的互动过程,通过对该过程的描述,揭示了一个由普通农民拍到“老虎照片”,从一个偏僻山村发生的个人经历,是怎样通过网络的方式迅速地传到全国以及世界,通过网民的持续地、永不放弃地对真相的追寻、对政府诚信的怀疑,形成了围绕“周老虎”的哈贝马斯称之为“理想化”的交往情景的网络公共场域,在与其他报纸、电视媒体的互动促进中,形成了一股强大的社会民意,最终促使政府改变其政府行为的过程,其最终结果不仅仅是网民的胜利、网络的胜利,也是民意的胜利。同时作为一种新兴的媒介形式,网络公共领域改变了传统的传播格局,由于网络传播的快捷性、交互性、即时性、自由化、平等性、超文本性及个性化等特点,一方面,网络公共空间和网络公共领域使公民可以在网络中获得更大的舆论空间和更多的舆论自由,促进了公民的话语权及社会民主化的进程,改变了过去的公民与政府之间自上而下的单向互动模式,转变为政府与公民之间平等、公开、信息共享,公民通过网络及网络空间场域的方式监督国家权力并影响国家的公共政策,并且经过网络场域在公民之间、公民与政府之间的讨论协商博弈达成的共识。这种社会互动博弈模式的建立,能够促进公共权力的合理化,保证了在社会普遍的公共利益的前提下,公民个体的基本权利可以得到维护及保障;并且通过与传统媒体的互动合作,初步构建了国家公共利益、公民权益都能够和谐平衡的现代公民社会架构。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the network in China’s popularization and the development, about the cyberspace, the network public sphere research becomes one of hottest issues which become the academic circles to pay attention,although there arelarge amounts of reserch works having been done, but also there are still lots of work needed to carry on .At the same time, although has takes part in government or administration the research which doing scholarly research, the psychology, the management science and so on, the dissemination study is lacks of the typical network event case depth description analysis;On the other hand moreover, to the network public sphere analysis, based on the public sphere construction, but has been neglected under our country current politics, the social construction, network publicsphere is constructing modern public sphere, also is constructing the modern citizen society, the network public sphere is the modern citizen society’s constitution and the foundation.This research main encompassment“the network publicsphere production and the construction and this subject launches to the modern publicsphere and the citizen society construction influence”, through to the origin、the development、the result and so on of“the Zhou tiger”, carries on narrates, in the factor analysis foundation,Mainly pays attention to four aspects of the event: Firstly ,How does the network public sphere is have, the interaction, the establishment under our country current politics society construction; secondly, network publicsphere do with the traditional media interaction process, through forms the network public opinion, the public opinion process; The third network public domain urges the government behavior to change through the network public opinion the process;Fourthly, studies in the foundation in above, analyzed the network public sphere formation to cause between the citizen and the government can act through the network realization direct interaction, the construction, thus has formed the realistic social stratification plane citizen has the indirect interaction and through each kind of social organization and the government (network publicsphere) has the direct interaction dual society structure through the network with the government (this article is called“shadow social structure”), at the same time, the network public sphere analyzed from the theory stratification plane, was the public domain theory modern development, constructs the modern public domain and the modern citizen society’s important foundation, has manifested“the structure duality”.study based Habermasof public domain theoretical and so on,acrossing theory history, development, present situation foundations, based on the t analysis of“the Zhou tiger”, the entire event is the ordinary citizen——web cam——expert——governments——network platform (website)——other traditional media integrity interaction process, through to this process description,Promulgated one to make“the tiger picture”from the ordinary farmer, had the personal experience from a remote mountain village, how passed to rapidly through the network way arund the world, through the web cam gave up track down continually, never to the truth, to the government good faith suspicion, has formed the encompassment“the Zhou tiger”which Habermas called it“the idealization”contact model about network public field ,interact with other newspapers, the television media , has formed a formidable social public opinion, finally urges the government to change its government behavior, its final outcome is not only web cam’s victory, the network victory, also is the public opinion victory.Being one kind of emerging medium form, the network public domain changed the traditional dissemination pattern, as a result of network dissemination is quick, interactive, instantaneity, liberalization, equivalent, and personalization characteristics and so on , on the one hand, the network public space and the network public domain enabled the citizen to be possible to obtain the bigger public opinion space in the network and more public free opinions, promoted citizen’s words power and the social democratization advancement,Changed between the past citizen and the government the top-down unidirectional interaction pattern, transforms between the government and the citizen the equality, public, information sharing, the citizen and the government act through the network and the cyberspace field directly,and between the citizen and government’s discussion consults the mutual recognition which gambling achieves.This kind of social interaction pattern will be established, can promote the public authority rationalization, had guaranteed the interest of the social and the public premise, the citizen individual basic right may obtain the maintenance and the safeguard; And interact with the traditional media , has initially constructed the modern citizen society construction which the national interest, the citizen rights and interests all can balance harmoniously.更多还原