【作者】 何凌霞；

【导师】 吴金华；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 《三国志》是传统史学的著名典籍,专名研究是传统学术的重要课题。前贤在这方面的研究成果甚多,但《三国志》专名的系统研究,学界尚付之阙如。本文以《三国志》和裴注为语料,对其中的专名作专题研究,希望对中古汉语和中古文献的研究有所推进。本文注重以下研究方法:历时比较与共时描述相结合;综合考察与典型分析相结合;传世文献与出土资料相结合;语言研究和文化分析相结合。本文从以下六个方面展开论述:第一,关于专名理论的研究。以往的古汉语专名研究,大多停留在具体专名的考释层面,没有形成系统的专名理论。本文试图将西方专名理论纳入古汉语专名研究领域,在考察西方专名理论和中国传统专名研究实践的基础上,系统探讨了专名的定义、内涵、特性等理论问题,并运用认知语义学的相关理论阐述了专名与通名之间的相互转化现象。第二,以人名为重点,展开多角度的专题研究。本文在回顾人名研究的历史和现状的基础上,探讨了《三国志》中多名制的使用情况、名与字的内在关系、人名的省略形式、人名的避讳、人名的文化内涵等问题。第三,对地名进行多角度的专题研究。《三国志》缺地理志,清代学者洪亮吉、吴增仅、谢钟英、杨守敬、卢弼等人对三国地名的考订,为我们今日《三国志》地名的研究奠定了基础。本文在汲取前人研究成果的基础上,对三国时期新增或更改的地名,从地理学、历史学、语言学三个角度进行了系统考察。第四,针对古籍整理及辞书编纂中的问题,对物名作重点考察。本文在考察物名研究历史和现状的基础上,重点选取了《三国志》中的十二个物名进行了个案研究。这十二个专名绝大多数已不为今人所晓,校注本在这些专名的校勘方面未能尽善,《三国志辞典》对这些专名的解释亦存在不同程度的错谬。第五,对裴注所引书名中的疑难问题作重点考察。《三国志》裴注征引广博、网罗繁富,六朝旧籍多有赖此以存者,故历代学者对裴注引书之研究所在多有。本文在总结前贤研究成果的基础上,以即将出版的中华书局修订本为依据,将裴注所引书名按照经史子集编排,并对有关疑难书名进行了考证。第六,论述专名研究的现实意义。本文揭示了《三国志》专名研究在文献校勘和辞书编纂等方面的应用价值。现今通行的中华书局陈乃乾校点本存在不少专名方面的讹误,《三国志辞典》专名释义方面的错谬处以及专名条目误收情况亦不在少数。本文的研究可以推动《三国志》的修订工作,亦有助于相关辞书的编纂。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chen Shou’s Records of the Three States ( San Guo Zhi ) is one of the most famous history records. This thesis deals with the proper names in San Guo Zhi with Pei Songzhi’s Commentary. Since there is no such research before and no practice for reference, this kind of research on the proper names relating to the Three States Period is not without some risk. However, it is for this reason that this study is especially of great significance. What follows is the main content of the thesis.In the first place, this thesis combines western theories of proper names with eastern practice, and absorbs the quintessence to give an exact definition of the proper name and makes a clear explanation of the properties of the proper name. As we all know, the proper name and common name are mutually transformational. Therefore, this thesis applies the theories of cognitive semantics to make analysis on this language phenomenon.Secondly, this thesis gives an overall survey of Study of Names in the history and current years. On the basis of the review, then discusses the relation between the Name and the style Name, the short forms of the Name, and the Bihui of Name relating to the Three States.Thirdly, this thesis summarizes the significant studies of the subject on the place name in the history and recent years, and makes a thorough research on the new place names relating to the Three States from the geography, history, and the philology angles.Fourth, this thesis chooses twelve proper names which are about the clothing, the arms and the medicine to make case studies. Almost nobody knows the exact meanings of these ancient proper names. So it is necessary to study them.Fifth, this thesis counts the numbers of the documents which are quoted by Pei Songzhi. The statistics provides a full evidence of the documentary value.Finally, this thesis shows the importance of the study on the proper names for the collating and interpretation of documents.更多还原