【作者】 李金梅；

【导师】 刘锋杰；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 文艺学， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 张艺谋作为第五代电影导演中最杰出和获得极大成功的一位,也是中国当代文化界最具国际影响力的人物之一。他的电影不仅是电影专业临摹的范本,更是跨学科研究的丰富文本,张艺谋本人及其创作已经成为重要的文化现象。本文正是秉着严谨的学术态度,采用理论结合实际的文本案例分析法,从文化研究的角度详细探讨张艺谋电影的系列问题。文章共分七个部分。导论首先是对学界关于张艺谋电影研究的现状进行了梳理和评介,其次是本文研究的基本内容以及研究方法等问题。第一章首先介绍了中国现代电影的发展历程。自从1905年北京丰泰照相馆拍摄的第一部戏曲片《定军山》开始,中国电影经历了第一代导演的“戏剧性电影”时期,第二代导演的“文学性电影”时期、第三代导演的“文化与政治电影”时期,而后经由第四代导演的“文化的电影”时期,再至第五代导演的“电影性的电影”时期,达于目前的第六代导演的“现代主义的电影”时期。其次论述了第五代导演的生成以及张艺谋的身世背景,最后探讨了张艺谋电影的巨大成就。第二章详细论述了张艺谋电影的发展问题。首先是从艺术电影到商业电影的转型;其次是从农村电影到城市电影的转型;最后是为了适应全球化的发展和国际商业电影发展的趋势而进行的武侠大片转型。第三章详细探讨了张艺谋电影的女性主题问题。张艺谋电影中的女性既不是一般意义上的娴淑女子,也不是单纯的生育工具,她们在张艺谋心目中具有“神”的圣洁。张艺谋实施其女性神话讲述策略的元素有三个:幽闭的空间、浓烈的色彩、渲染的民俗。但是作为男性导演,张艺谋又自觉不自觉地受控于父权话语,客观上无法彻底的超越其男性的视角。第四章认真论述了张艺谋电影的商业价值。电影是商业、艺术、工业、意识形态的综合体,电影的首要特性是商业性,其次才是艺术的。张艺谋电影具有极大的商业价值,这包括张艺谋本身的品牌价值和张艺谋电影的票房价值。第五章分析、阐述了张艺谋电影的意识形态性。文章具体探讨了张艺谋影片意识形态的展现、变化和走向,从最初高扬反叛的大旗,到温馨的主流意识形态宣传,再至心怀天下的权力颂扬,并进一步探悉变化的深层原因。结语部分则是对张艺谋的不足与贡献尽可能地做出一个相对客观、公正的评价。本文的结论是:在中国电影史上,张艺谋电影曾经具有的反思与反叛意味,表现出的叛逆精神极具社会意义;张艺谋电影的艺术成功和商业成就是值得深入思考的,他为中国电影的大片发展树立了标杆;张艺谋是位优秀的电影艺术家,尽管其电影不足之处非常明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 Being one of the most outstanding and successful in the fifth generation of directors,Zhang Yimou is also the character who most has the international influence in the Chinese contemporary cultural circle. His movies are not only the movie speciality copy model but also the interdisciplinary research rich text, Zhang Yimou and the creations have already become the important cultural phenomenon. This article holds the rigorous scholarship, uses the theory union actual text case analytic method, research about Zhang Yimou’s movies in detail from the cultural research’s angle.The article is divided into seven parts. The introductory firstly sorts out and comments on the recent situation which studies about Zhang Yimou’s movie ,then is the content,research technique and so on.Chapter 1 firstly introduces the Chinese movie’s development process. Since 1905, Beijing“FengTai”Photo studio shot the first drama piece“the Dingjunshan”,the Chinese movie has experienced the first generation of director“theatrical movie”time,the second generation of director“literariness movie”time, the third generation directed“culture and the political movie”time, then by way of the fourth generation of director“cultural movie”time, again to the fifth generation of director“movie’s movie”time, reaches in the present sixth generation of director“modernism movie”time. Secondly, elaborates the fifth generation of director’s production as well as Zhang Yimou’s experience background, finally discusses the great achievements of Zhang Yimou’s movies.Chapter 2 elaborated the developments of Zhang Yimou’s movies in detail. The first is from the art movie to commercial movie,the next is from the countryside movie to urban movie,the last is about Knight-errant movie which is to adapt the globalized development and the international commercial movie’s tendency which carries on.Chapter 3 discusses the feminine subject of Zhang Yimou’s movies. In Zhang Yimou’s movie the female is already not in the general sense lady-like female, is also not the pure birth tool, they have“the god”in Zhang Yimou’s hart. Zhang Yimou uses three implements in his feminine myth to narrate: closed space, strong color, exaggeration folk custom. But as the masculine director, Zhang Yimou is controlled unconsciously in the father right words, objectively is unable thorough surmounting his male angle of view. Chapter 4 earnestly elaborated Zhang Yimou’s movies commercial value. The movie is commercial, artistic, industrialand ideological, movie’s most important characteristic is the commercial character, next is art.Zhang Yimou’s movies has the enormous commercial value, and this includes Zhang Yimou’s brand value and the box-office value of Zhang Yimou’s movies.Chapter 5 analyses the ideology of Zhang Yimou’s movies. The article discusses the ideology development of Zhang Yimou’s movies, the change and the trend ,from raising high at the first flag which rebels against, to the warm mainstream ideology propaganda, again to the intention world’s authority praise, and further searches in-depth reason which changes entirely.The conclusion part is about relatively objective and fair appraisal on Zhang Yimou’s insufficiency and contribution.This article conclusion is: In the Chinese movie history, the resonsideration which Zhang Yimou’s movies once had with rebels against meaning, displayed the rebel spirit has the social meaning extremely; Zhang Yimou’s movies artistic success and commercial achievement are worth pondering thoroughly, he set up the pole for the Chinese movie’s big piece development; Zhang Yimou is the outstanding movie artist, although his movies’deficiency is obvious.更多还原