【作者】 夏志文；

【导师】 沈荣华；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 政治学， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 公民受教育权是宪法规定的一项基本权利。作为一项基本权利,它不仅仅是根本法规定的纲领性条款与原则,而是需要有具体的政策措施和法律保障。权利的力量来自于权利主体的利益能成为一种以国家强制力为后盾的体制内的要求。基于上述思考,本文提出并论证了这样一个基本命题:受教育权的救济既是国家政府的积极作为责任,同时也是国家司法保障的无可逃避的法律义务。对基本命题的论证由以下八章组成:第一章首先从受教育权救济问题的设定与意义出发,提出了受教育权救济命题的理论价值,分析了这一命题当下存在的问题。其次,介绍了受教育权救济命题的多元理论,在此基础上着重分析了权利和权利救济、受教育权和受教育权救济两对核心概念的内涵、性质、类型等,为本文研究建立了一个有关概念及体系的思想框架。第二章分析了受教育权救济的历史渊源与发展轨迹。重点分析了当下受教育权救济问题凸现的时代背景,认为这一问题的凸现既是社会转型的产物,教育分化改组的必然,也是政府管理的应时变革和民众权利意识萌醒的结果。第三章介绍了不同法系国家和地区受教育权救济制度的模式,其目的主要是为建立我国特色的受教育权救济制度提供有益的借鉴。第四章则从政治学的角度对受教育权进行了政治学解读,认为受教育权也是一项政治权利,就政府对公民受教育权而言,经历了由国家本位的权力观向义务观的演变过程,同时进一步阐明了受教育权救济的政治意义。第五章分析了受教育权救济法律关系的结构,论证了受教育权救济的原则,在此基础上,提出了基于不同教育法律关系的受教育权救济的途径选择。第六章至第八章是本论文的主体部分,主要论述受教育权救济的制度建设。如果说前五章内容论述了受教育权救济的一些理论问题和基础性问题的话,那么这三章就是重点强调了受教育权如何从权利的应然层面走向实然层面。行政救济制度建设是从公民受教育权的政府责任的定位入手,在分析了不同类型的受教育权与政府责任的基础上,提出了受教育权行政救济体系的框架模式。行政救济制度强调政府的积极作为,属于政府责任建设范畴。而司法救济制度建设则在分析了受教育权的可诉性后,通过对大量诉讼案件的评析,从而确立起宪政救济、行政诉讼救济和其他诉讼救济等司法救济的制度体系。司法救济更强调司法机关在诉讼救济制度上的创新。更多还原

【Abstract】 A citizen’s right to education is a fundamental right stipulated by the law. As it is, the right is not only a guiding article provided by the fundamental law, but also it needs concrete policy and legal guarantee to protect it. The need that the interests of the main body of right can be backed by the state mandatory measures as a system is where the power of right comes. Based on the above thinking, the author puts forward and proves a basic topic---the remedy of right to education is the active responsibility of the central government, and also the unavoidable legal obligation of the state legal guarantee.The proof to this basic topic consists of eight chapters.Chapter 1 begins with the defining and significance of the issue of remedy of right to education, raises the theoretical value of the topic, and analyzes the current existing problems of this topic. Then, it introduces the multiple theories , on which it further analyzes the two pairs of core concepts of right and remedy of right, and right to education and remedy to right to education in their connotation, nature and type. This chapter sets up an ideological framework of related concept and system for study.Chapter 2 is the analysis of the history and development of remedy of right to education. It emphasizes the time background in which the problem of remedy of right to education occurs nowadays. The author holds that the occurrence is the product of social transformation, the consequence of division and reorganization in education and the outcome of the timely reform of governance and citizens’awareness of their right.Chapter 3 introduces the modes of remedy of right to education in countries and regions of different legal systems. Its purpose is to provide good use for reference for the establishment of remedy of right to education with Chinese characteristics in our country.Chapter 4 is the answer in political science to the right to education from the angel of political science. The author thinks that right to education is also a political right. As far as the government practice in the citizen’s right to education is concerned, it has gone in the process from the state standard view of power to that of compulsory education. Meanwhile, the author clarifies the political significance of right to education.Chapter 5 analyzes the legal structure of remedy of right to education and expounds and proves the principle of remedy of right to education, the result of which are the choices of solutions to the remedy of right to education based on the different legal relationship of education. Chapters 6-8 are the main body of this dissertation, in which the system establishment of remedy of right to education is expounded. If the first five chapters deal with some theoretical and basic questions on remedy of right to education, the author will lay stress in the last three chapters on how to put remedy of right to education from theory to practice. The author believes that the establishment of administrative remedy system starts with the analysis of relationship between the citizen’s right to education and the government responsibilities. After analyzing the two kinds of administrative actions (concrete administrative action and abstract administrative action), the author puts forward the framework of the administrative remedy of right to education. The administrative remedy system depends largely on the government’s active action, and belongs to the constructive category of government responsibility. While the establishment of legal remedy system, the author believes, should be built up in the forms of legal remedy system as constitutional remedy, administrative lawsuit remedy and other forms of remedy after he analyzes the possibility of lawsuits against right to education and many a case of such lawsuits. Legal remedy needs all the more creativity of judicial departments in judicial remedy system.更多还原