【作者】 高桂凤；

【导师】 严宝杰；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 区域交通需求来源于社会经济活动。散布在空间不同点上的社会经济活动之间的相互作用,资源、劳动力之间的相互作用及在再生产中产生了交通运输需求。但是,交通运输需求不仅仅具有交通运输规模需求、方式结构总量上的分配关系,即量上的满足,还具有交通运输的地理分布要求,即布局的要求。本文从分析空间结构和空间联系方面来研究交通需求与布局的关系,为区域交通网络建设提供新的方法。论文在基于空间背景下的区域层次,考虑交通需求的影响因素,重点分析了区域交通网络布局与区域交通需求的关系。由于影响交通需求的因素众多,在对各因素综合考虑的基础上,按照需求在时间维的规律性,将复杂的、时空差异的交通需求划分为常发性需求及偶发性需求,将复杂的问题简单化。根据慢变量决定论,在交通运输供给中最慢变的因素就是交通网络,时间空间差异性较大的客货需求都是通过交通网络这一空间联系载体及骨架来实现的,交通网络布局形态及演变历程形成了交通系统对社会经济系统的反馈。论文首先分析了影响交通网络布局的影响因素,以及区域交通网络布局的基本模式和与空间结构的互动关系,指出交通网络布局应该与区域空间格局紧密结合,并探讨了在常发性交通需求的情况下,区域交通网络的布局模式及常用评价指标。论文就潜在需求的产生机理和区域交通网络布局的关系进行探讨;而春运、黄金周等作为隐藏在常发性需求中的一类特殊需求,在每年的固定时段出现,对区域交通网络的压力很大,因此,论文分析了这类需求的特性,在不能完全依靠增加交通线路的情况下,需要依靠合理的调控措施,使这类需求得到充分满足。合理的交通网络布局不仅会吸引更多交通需求,对加强区域联系及促进落后地区经济发展至关重要,并能满足区域的偶发性需求及战时的国防需求;突发性事件作为区域中潜在需求中的偶发性需求,稳定的交通网络布局对快速、及时满足这类需求,并防止在突发事件时尤其是大型地质灾害发生时避免区域功能性孤立至关重要。论文引入拓扑指数的概念,应用拓扑指数评价区域交通网络在抵御灾害、紧急救援及满足特殊需求的能力。可以为准确评判区域路网项目建设序列,路段增加优先等提供方法支持。并分析在区域发生突发性事件时,如何选择最佳医疗服务、救援物资的线路。可持续发展的交通网络布局应该首先要满足区域的交通需求,再者要满足区域空间格局及国防需求。一个地区的交通运输网络布局形态,是与该地区城镇化程度和布局直接关联的。论文在分析区域交通网络布局与区域经济、城镇空间布局的适应性的基础上,对两者的适应程度进行了定量研究,分析了区域交通网络布局与经济子系统、交通网络内部子系统的协调发展,据此,提出了可持续发展的交通网络布局模式。作为实例,论文以西安市为例,分析了西安市域、区域交通网络格局的演变,布局与区域空间格局的适应性;并对西安市区域交通发展提出合理化建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The regional traffic demand stems from the social economic activity. The impacts of social economic activity scattering the difference point in space, interaction between resources and the workforces, and reproduction produce the demand of communications and transportation. However, the transportation demand merely has not a scale demand of transportation and distribution relation on structural total amount-the satisfaction on quantity, also there is geographical distribution requirement-the overall arrangement. This paper analyzes the space structure and relation to study the relation between the traffic demand and overall arrangement, offering the new method for constructing the regional traffic network.This paper considers the influence factors of the traffic demand under the regional level of the space background, analyzes the relation between traffic network overall arrangement and demand of the regional traffic. Because factors impacting on traffic demand are numerous, on the basis of considering every factor synthetically, according to the demand regularity linked in time, the complicated, space-time traffic demand for the difference is often divided into the taking place demand and sporadic demand, making the complicated problem simple. According to slow variable determinism, the slowest factor that changes is the traffic network in the communications and transportation, time space difference heavy passenger-cargo demand realize through traffic network space, traffic network overall arrangement shape and course of developing have formed the feedback of the social economic system of traffic system.This paper analyzes the influence factor of the network overall arrangement of the traffic, the interdynamic relation of the overall arrangement basic mode of the regional traffic network and space structures, points out the network overall arrangement of the traffic should be combined closely with regional space pattern, discusses the overall arrangement mode of the regional traffic network and daily evaluation index in the case of often sending traffic demand. The paper carries on the discussion on the formulation mechanism of the potential demand, relation with the network overall arrangement of urban road and regional traffic network overall arrangement. The special demand hiding in a kind of often demand, For example: Spring transportation, golden week, etc, appear in annual fixed period, and the pressure to the regional traffic network is very large. so, the paper analyze the characteristic of this kind of demand, when it is unable to totally depend on increasing the traffic route, it need depend on the rational measure of regulation and control, make this kind of demand fully satisfied.The rational traffic network overall arrangement not only will attract more traffic demands, it is essential for strengthening the regional connection and bringing about an advance in backward regional economy, and can meet the sporadic demand of the area and national defiance demand of wartime; the sudden incident is sporadic demand in the area, the steady traffic network overall arrangement is essential to meeting this kind of fast and in time demand, and prevent the regional functionality from isolating when the especially large-scale geological calamity takes place at the time of the accident. The paper introduces the concept of the topological index; employ the topological index to appraise the ability of the regional traffic network in resisting the calamity, rescuing and meeting the special demand promptly. It can build arrays in order to judge accurately, increase priority etc. to offer method support. Analyze how to choose the best medical care, circuit of rescuing goods and materials when the sudden incident happens in the area.The sustainable development traffic network overall arrangement should meet the traffic demand of the area first, moreover meet regional space pattern and national defiance demand. The shape of network overall arrangement transportation in an area is directly related with urbanization intensity and overall arrangement in this area.This paper analyzes the adaptability of the network overall arrangement of the regional traffic c and regional economy, urban space overall arrangement, quantized the adaptation of the two, analyzed the coordinated development within network overall arrangement and economic subsystem, the internal subsystem of traffic network, in viewing of the above, it proposed the sustainable development traffic network overall arrangement mode. At last, this paper takes Xi’an as an example, analyzes the development of Xi’an land, regional traffic network pattern, adaptability of overall arrangement and regional space pattern; combining the rural highways network plan, puts forward the suggestion on the urban area land development of Xi’an.更多还原