【作者】 余峰；

【导师】 范先佐；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 教育经济学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 研究生培养模式是一个兼具理论研究与实践探索价值的重大课题。处于高等教育最高层次的研究生教育,担负着培养高素质人才和发展科学技术的双重任务,是培养高层次创新人才的主渠道。高等院校的研究生教育已成为“人才强国”战略的重要组成部分,为“科教兴国”提供重要的人才支撑。随着研究生招生规模的不断扩大以及研究生学制改革,研究生培养质量引起了社会各界的普遍关注。研究生教育中存在着研究生教育资源紧缺、研究生创新能力不足、学位论文质量下降等一系列亟待解决的问题。高等院校必须与时俱进,更加注重研究生教育质量,加强创新能力和综合素质的培养,更好地满足经济建设、科技进步、社会发展以及社会公众对研究生教育不断增长的广泛性、多样化的需求。因此,作为实施研究生教育的重要载体,研究生培养模式改革就成为日显重要、备受关注且迫在眉睫的任务。同时,纵观国内外相关研究,我国的研究生教育由于受传统计划经济体制的影响,虽然已经意识到创新型研究生培养的重要性,但是对此方面的研究主要是通过一个或几个角度进行分析论述,相对全面、系统的研究并不多见;通过实践调研、应用先进经验结合高等教育相关理论进行研究者尚少。在当前招生规模扩大、现有教学资源相对不足、社会需求和培养环境发生较大变化的背景下,探讨研究生创新能力评价标准、过程要素,结合实际进行实证分析,在比较研究基础上探索研究生创新能力培养模式构建及其评估等方面进行的系统研究却比较少见。有鉴如此,本文在学习运用管理学、心理学、哲学基础理论,教育学、教育经济学等相关理论基础上,通过实证调查分析和比较研究,总结研究生创新教育的相关经验,分析存在的问题及其原因,提出了研究生培养模式构建的策略以及对培养模式评估的思路。全文分六章进行讨论:第一章是论文的开篇之论,主要是提出论文所要研究的问题,研究的现状和意义,以及研究思路和方法。第二章为基础理论研究篇,奠定全文的分析基础。围绕研究生创新能力的特性(培养和表征)问题,回顾了研究生教育的历程,分析其所处的历史条件和时代特征,探讨了研究生教育的基本属性,以及研究生教育的分化与综合问题。从培养实践的角度,对研究生创新能力的表征形式进行了调查和研究。第三章为实证分析篇。从“研究生培养方案(文本分析)”“研究生培养过程要素(个案分析)”“研究生培养过程状况(问卷调查)”等三个不同视角对研究生创新能力培养的状况进行了实证分析。通过对研究生培养方案和培养实际过程的多维度实证分析,总结我国研究生在创新能力培养过程中的经验和存在的诸多问题。第四章为比较研究篇。对具有代表意义的美国、德国和日本三个国家研究生创新能力培养状况进行了针对性的考察,力图吸取世界各国,特别是西方发达国家在研究生创新教育过程中积累的经验和教训。再比照我国的研究生培养状况,得出若干启示。这些启示之于研究生教育改革的意义,主要体现在教育理念上,对于研究生培养模式的设计和安排具有重要的借鉴意义,并起着良好的促进作用。第五章为操作篇,主要探讨问题的解决路径。对关于研究生培养模式的认识问题进行了理性的梳理。在此基础上,从实践层面对研究生培养模式构建进行更加深入的思考和讨论。以论文中前面各章所做的研究工作为基础,提出了构建研究生创新能力培养模式的若干策略,并从系统论的思想出发,进一步拓宽视野,对培养模式运行的有关保障措施与运行条件进行了研究和探讨。这些策略和措施,将对面向研究生创新能力的培养模式的构建产生重要影响,具有现实意义和长远影响。第六章为评估篇。从我国研究生教育的目的和需要出发,结合研究生培养实际,探讨了对研究生培养模式进行评估的有关思路和方法。即通过建立有效的评估指标体系,运用模糊数学模型,实现对培养模式的科学评估,从而保证培养模式构建的针对性和实效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Postgraduate cultivating model is a major topic with theoretical study and practice exploring value. Postgraduate education, at the highest level of higher education, is charged with dual mission of cultivating high-quality personel and development of science and technology, and also is the main channel to cultivate high-level innovative talents. Graduate education has become an important part of the strategy of making the Nation Powerful though Talents, and provided talents for the strategy of developing the country by relying on science and education.With the enrollment scale of graduate students expanded as well as the reform of the graduate system, the question of the graduate training quality has caused the common concern. In Social Sectors, there is a series of urgently problems that need to be solved such as the postgraduate education resources to be scarce, the insufficiency of graduate student innovation, and the drop in quality of the dissertation. The institutions of higher learning must keep pace with the times, pay more attention to quality, strengthen the cultivation of innovation ability and the comprehensive quality, be better to meet the need of the economic development, the advance in technology, the social development and the public’s growing diverse demand to the postgraduate education. Therefore, as the important carrier, the postgraduate cultivating model reform has become more important, concerned and imminent. At the same time, looking over the domestic and foreign related research, as a result of the tradion planned economy system’s influence.although our postgraduate education has realized the importance of cultivating innovative postgraduate students, the research on this is mainly through one or several angles to analysis, the relatively comprehensive research is not to see. The researchers who carry on their study through the practice investigation, applied the successful case with correlate theories are to be still few. Against the backdrop of the expansion of the enrollment, a relative shortage of resources, great changes happened in the cultivate environment, the research system on graduate innovation ability which is based on comparative studies is rare to see. Therefore, this article utilizes the management science, the psychology, the philosophical basis theory, the pedagogy, the economics of education and so on, through the empirical study and the comparative study, summarizing the relevant experience of the innovate postgraduate education, analyzing the question and the reason, putting forward to the strategy of building the graduate students training model and the thought of assessment.The text is of six chapters.ChaterⅠis the citation, which is the opening of the thesis, it proposes the main thesis, the status and significance of the study, the research ideas and methods.ChaterⅡis for theoretical research, and laid a foundation for analysis. Around the questions of graduate students characteristics(cultivation and characterization), reviewing the history of post-graduate education, analyzing the historical conditions and the time characteristics, discussing the basic property of the postgraduate as well as the differentiation and general problems of postgraduate education. The article has invested and researched the form of cultivating graduate student innovation ability.Chapter III is for empirical analysis. Conduct an empirical analysis of the situation of cultivating graduate innovation capabilities from three different perspectives:“the graduate cultivating program (text)”,“the graduate cultivating process elements (case study)”,“the status of the graduate cultivating process (questionnaire)”. Through the multi-dimensional empirical analysis on the postgraduate cultivating programs and the actual training process, the text sums up the innovation capacity-buiding experience and many problems.ChapterⅣis for comparative study. Conducted a focused inspection on graduate student innovation capbility training conditions from the representatives of the United States, Germany and Japan, trying to learn from countries around the world, especially in Western developed countries in the process of postgraduate education innovation training. We draw some inspiration from contrasting the situation of our country’s postgraduate training. Such enlightenment on the significance of the postgraduate education reform, is mainly reflected in the educational philosophy, has an important reference on the design and arrangement of graduate cultivating model, and plays a good role.ChapterⅤis for operation, mainly exploring the way to solve the problems. Carding the problems on postgraduate cultivating model rationaly, based on this, the text builds deep thinking and discussion on the postgraduate cultivating mode from the practical level. Based on the research work done in the front chapters, the text puts forward to a number of strategies which are to build the graduate students’innovating capacity-building model, and broaden our horizon further from the idea of system theory. The text has studied and discussed the protection and operating conditions of the cultivating model operation. These strategies and measures have a significant impact on the graduate students’innovating capability, which have practical significance and long-term impact.ChaterⅥis for assessment. From the goals and needs of graduate education, combined with the the practice of graduate students cultivation, the text discusses the relevant ideas and methods. Through the establishment of an effective evaluation system, using fuzzy math model, the text builds scientific assessment of the cultivating model, thus ensuring the cultivating mode more targeted and effective.更多还原