【作者】 查剑锋；

【导师】 郭广礼；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学 ， 大地测量学与测量工程， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 矸石充填开采是一种集“减沉”与“减排”为一体的新型环境相容开采技术措施,也是绿色开采技术体系的核心内容之一。本文针对矸石充填开采中的矸石压缩性能、研究方法、沉陷控制机理及效果、充填模式等相关问题进行了研究。开展了矸石现场筛分试验工作,获取了原生矸石粒径分布规律,并采用分形和数理统计方法确定了矸石筛分试验过程中的必要筛分量。在分析矸石压缩试验可靠性以及压缩性能与粒径分布关系基础上,提出了原生矸石压缩性能测试方法,开展了原生矸石的压缩性能测试工作;并采用连续级配、均匀配方设计方法以抗压缩性能为评价准则对矸石级配进行优化。在此基础上,结合岩层移动相似准则,推导了矸石充填静动态相似模拟准则,提出了采用海绵、泡沫塑料等材料混合充填以模拟不同压缩性能矸石的相似材料配置方法;同时分析了矸石非线性变形特征、数值模型参数对地表沉陷、覆岩破坏高度的影响度。以此为基础,采用相似材料模拟、数值模拟方法对矸石充填岩层移动规律、沉陷控制机理进行了研究,并结合理论分析进一步对沉陷控制影响因素、减沉(缓沉)、覆岩破坏高度的影响机理及控制幅度进行了界定,提出了矸石充填地表沉陷预计的等效采厚计算模型。分析了矿区矸石产量与充填量之间的关系;以弹性地基梁理论为基础,建立了矸石条带充填的关键层变形力学模型。采用数值模拟和理论分析方法对关键层、充填体和煤柱之间的协同作用关系进行了研究探讨,提出了煤柱、充填体承载特性的计算方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Waste filling is a late-model environment compatible mining technical measures which achieve to reduce subsidence and emission, also one of core content of green mining technology system. This article aims at some problems about waste filling mining.The work of waste on-site screening is developed, and particle diameter law of distribution from raw waste is acquired, adopt fractal and mathematical statistics methods to decide essential screening quantity during waste screening test. On the basis that analysis the reliability of waste compression test and compression performance, test method of waste compression performance is brought forward, and test work of that is developed .Also adopt continuous grading, even grading project methods, and put against compression performance as evaluation criterion to optimize waste graduation. Based on that , combining strata movement similarity criterion, deduce static and dynamic simulation criterion of waste filling , similar material collocation method which is filled with sponge, foam to simulate different compression performance of waste is advanced ; at the same time, analyses waste non-linear deformation nature , numerical model parameter influence surface subsidence,damage height of overlying rock .On the basis of that, utilizing similar material simulation, numerical simulation to research on the law of strata movement, subsidence control mechanism, and combing theory analysis further define that influence mechanism and span of control of subsidence control factor ,subsidence reduction (delaying), damage height of overlying rock, equivalent mining height computational model of waste filling surface subsidence prediction is put forward. Analyses that the relation between waste production and filling in the mining area; based on elastic foundation beam, key strata deformation mechanics model is founded. Adopt numerical simulation and theoretical analysis method to research about the synergistic action relation among key strata, filling and coal pillar, computational method of coal pillar and bearing characteristics of filling is proposed.更多还原