【作者】 秦格；

【导师】 朱学义；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 本文是在中国经济发展到一定阶段,人类可持续发展意识进一步增强,谋求人类与自然和谐发展的背景下,进行煤炭矿区生态环境补偿机制的研究。当煤炭矿区各项环境损失量显著上升,但各项环境损失时间序列和矿区煤炭产量时间序列存在某种协整关系时,即为上述矿区生态演化的阶段Ⅱ,因为存在协整关系,反映了人类开采煤炭对矿区生态环境带来的外部干扰(用矿区煤炭产量表示)将各项环境损失调整到均衡状态的调整力度,说明矿区生态系统还存在着自我调节机制,如果能够验证上述假设,就可以得到矿区各项环境损失和煤炭产量的影响因子,预测煤炭矿区的环境损失。本文主要采用的是理论研究与实证分析相结合的研究方法。本文的主要内容分为理论分析和实证研究两个部分。第1章,论述本文研究的背景及意义,阐述研究的基本概念,明确研究的思路,对研究的目标和内容进行了界定,设计出研究方法和技术路线。第2章对生态环境的研究动态和研究进展进行了综述,从总体上把握了生态环境补偿机制的研究现状。第3章,依据生态系统演化机理,对煤炭矿区生态环境损失情况进行测度分析,提出煤炭矿区生态环境演化机理;建立煤炭矿区环境损失系统动力学模型,对煤炭矿区环境损失进行动态仿真,对淮南矿区煤炭产量时间序列与矿区各项生态环境损失时间序列进行单位根检验、E-G检验、列出误差修正模型和Granger检验,证实了淮南矿区煤炭产量与矿区各项生态环境损失存在单项的Granger因果关系,验证了淮南煤炭矿区整体上处于生态演化的阶段,确定了淮南矿区煤炭产量与各项环境损失的影响因子,为建立淮南矿区环境损失模型提供了依据,通过上述模型对淮南煤炭矿区可采储量与矿区各项生态环境损失的数量进行了预测。第4章,依据仿真的环境损失情况,在矿产资源权益理论的指导下,依据因地制宜的矿区生态恢复规划,利用环境资源估价方法汇总估算各项生态补偿工程的工程费用。预测了淮南煤炭矿区生态环境补偿的成本。第5章,利用环境资源评估方法,科学评估生态恢复后的环境补偿效益。预测了淮南煤炭矿区生态环境损失补偿的效益。第6章,构建煤炭矿区生态环境补偿的形成、管理和控制机制。对淮南煤炭矿区生态环境补偿机制进行了具体分析,利用生态环境补偿会计的相关财务分析,预测了淮南煤炭矿区社会补偿成本效益系数。本文对煤炭矿区生态环境补偿机制研究的创新点在于:(1)理论研究方面,构建了煤炭可采储量与矿区生态环境损失的预测模型,创新了煤炭矿区生态环境损失测度研究。(2)对煤炭矿区生态恢复成本进行了系统研究,建立市场导向下的煤炭矿区生态环境补偿成本研究。这是本文对专项成本研究方法的创新所在。(3)对煤炭矿区生态环境补偿税的开征机理进行了探讨,指出计征煤炭矿区生态环境补偿税的总额应是,现有征收和拨付体系下煤炭矿区可以得到的满足生态恢复总成本需要的数额。这是本文实证研究结论的创新所在。(4)对煤炭矿区生态环境补偿的形成机制、管理机制和控制机制进行了设计,这是本文的政策创新所在。更多还原

【Abstract】 This dissertation explores ecosystem compensation mechanism in the mining region on the fact that China economy has developed into such a stage that people’s awareness of sustainable development has increased to reach harmony between human and nature.A hypothesis is put forwards by the theoretical analysis that a new balance will develop from the Eco-evolvement Stage II in the mining region, when time series of environmental losses rise significantly and some cointegration exists between the time series of the losses and that of the coal output. Since the cointegration reflects the external disturbance presented by coal outputs on the environment of the mining region, which will modulate environmental losses into the equilibrium status, it suggests that a self-regulating mechanism of the ecosystem exists in the mining region. If the above hypothesis could be verified, it’s quite possible to find the factors that influence the environmental losses and the coal output to predict the environmental losses of the mining region.Theoretical research and empirical analysis are adopted in this dissertation. A measure analysis of the environmental losses of the mining region is carried out according to the mechanism of the ecological evolution so that the evolution mechanism of the ecosystem is put forward. A systematical dynamics model is established of environmental losses; a dynamic simulation is provided of environmental losses in the mining region; Unit Root Test, E-G Test and Granger Test are conducted on the time series of the coal output and the environmental losses in Huainan Coal Mining Region, which have verified t a monomial causal relation between the coal output and environmental losses. Huainan Coal Mining Region is also proved to be at the Eco-evolvement Stage II and the elements are clarified to influence the coal output and the environmental losses of Huainan Coal Mining Region, which provides an evidence for the model of environmental losses in the region, by means of which, the study is carried out to predict the minable coal reserves and the environmental losses in the region.Guided by the simulation of environmental losses and mineral resources equity, environmental resource evaluation analysis is carried out on the basis of ecological restoration of the mining region to calculate the expenditure on the compensation and predict the future cost of the compensation in Huainan Coal Mining Region.Environmental resources evaluation method is also adopted to evaluate the ecosystem compensation effectiveness after the ecological restoration. The effectiveness is predicted of ecosystem compensation in Huainan Coal Mining Region.This dissertation discusses the mechanisms of formation, management and control in ecological restoration, carries out an empirical study on the ecological restoration mechanism and predicts the index of social compensation cost in Huainan Coal Mining Region by adopting an accounting analysis of the ecological restoration.This dissertation’s originality about the compensation mechanism of the ecological environment of the mining region lies in:(1)Theoretically, the predicting model is constructed of minable coal reserves and environmental losses, and brought forth new concept to the environmental losses in the mining region.(2)A systematical research is conducted on the cost of ecological restoration in the mining region, and the market-oriented research is conducted of compensation cost in the region.(3)It has probed into the levying mechanism of the compensation tax in the region, pointing out that the tax should be the total cost of ecological restoration in the region, which will be the major empirical originality of the dissertation.(4)The mechanisms have been designed of the formation, management and control of the compensation in the region, which is policy originality of the dissertation.更多还原