【作者】 李静；

【导师】 杨少春； 林承焰；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学 ， 地质资源与地质工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 本论文以辽河油田杜229块超稠油油藏为研究对象,综合利用地质、测井、试油试采、生产动态等多种资料,详细研究了杜229块超稠油油藏开发的地质基础,总结了蒸汽吞吐生产特点及影响因素,分析了超稠油油藏多周期蒸汽吞吐后剩余油分布模式与分布规律、控制因素,提出了超稠油油藏剩余油挖潜方向及措施。取得以下主要成果:1、在研究区原有划分6个油层组的基础上,细分了27个小层,通过精细油藏描述,研究了杜229块超稠油油藏的地层特征、构造特征、沉积特征、储层与隔夹层特征及流体特征,并对地质储量进行了复算。2、研究了超稠油流变特性,建立了超稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐非达西渗流模式,利用实际生产数据分析了杜229块超稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐开采规律和生产特点,从油藏地质条件、注汽参数、汽窜和套损四个方面分析了影响超稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐开发效果的因素。3、综合运用开发地质、油藏开发动态监测、动态水侵规律、岩心分析及数值模拟等方法,从宏观角度总结了蒸汽吞吐后超稠油油藏剩余油的10种分布类型。分析了砂层组规模和小层规模的纵向和平面剩余油分布规律。4、通过微观驱替实验,研究了100℃和120℃的热水驱及170℃蒸汽驱条件下剩余油的微观分布形态。170℃条件下剩余油微观分布形态同时受孔隙结构、润湿性及界面张力多种因素的影响,主要有三种形式:在油、汽、水三相共存的孔隙中,剩余油分布于汽、水之间,为薄膜状和弯月状;在只有油、汽两相共存的孔隙中,大孔道中主要是蒸汽,剩余油在细小的孔喉和孔隙角隅处以段塞或不规则状态存在;由于高温水蒸汽对原油具有萃取作用,剩余油以一种细小的珠滴状存在于孔隙表面。与100℃和120℃的热水驱存在较大差异。5、从微构造、沉积微相、储层非均质和开发工艺4方面分析了其对超稠油剩余油形成机理及分布规律的影响。指出原油粘度、储层物性差异、砂体韵律和射孔层段等是控制剩余油分布的主要因素,蒸汽超覆作用是影响超稠油剩余油分布的重要原因。6、运用油藏工程方法,计算了杜229块各砂层组剩余油储量,明确了挖潜方向,提出了8种剩余油挖潜措施;给出了加密水平井有利区域的筛选标准及部署方案。运用数值模拟方法对兴Ⅲ2砂组转换为双水平井SAGD开发的布井方式、水平段长度、注采井垂向距离等进行了优选。研究成果已用于油田剩余油挖潜,产生了良好的经济效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Block Du229 extra-heavy oil reservoir in Liaohe Oilfield was studied as the research target. By the comprehensive co-utilization of different kinds of information such as geology , logging, producing test, history production performance, Du229 block was mainly studied from the aspects of reservoir characteristics, production feature and effect factors, water invaded region, and the remaining oil distribution model, distribution law and controlling factors. At the end, enhanced recovery direction and treating measures were proposed. The paper has the main achievements as follows:Fistly, 27 sublayers were divided based on original 6 oil sand beds. By fine reservoir description, the reservoir characteristics of Du299 block was studied from the aspects of structural feature, stratum conditions, microtectonics characteristics, interbedded stratum, formation fluid, and reserves was recounted..Secondly, the rheological behaviors of the super heavy oil were investigated from three aspects which were the relationship between the super heavy oil and temperature, the relationship between the super heavy oil viscosity and temperature , the inversion temperature of Newtonian fluid of the super heavy oil. Non-Darcy flow pattern of the super heavy oil steam stimulation was established based on the research of rheological behavior. Then, the extract law and production characteristics of the super heavy oil steam huff and puff in Du229 block was analized by production datum.The factors that affec supper heavy oil reservoir steam stimulation development were analyzed from four aspects of reservoir geologic conditions, steam injection parameters, steam breakthrough and casing wear.Thirdly, by con-utilaziont of many methods such as exploitation and geology, dynamic producing process monitoring, water invasion behavior, core analyis and numerical simulation, 10 kinds of reservoir scale remaining oil distribution pattern in the steam huff and puff super heavy crude oil reservoir was put forward. Also, remainling oil distribution in the sand bed scale and sublayer scale were pointed out.Fourthly, Microcosmic displacement experiment was conducted for hot water driving in 100℃and 120℃. and steam drive at 170℃condition. Microcosmic remaining oil distribution characteristics were summarized. Remaining oil microcosmic distribution by steam drive at 170℃is different from that at 100℃, 120℃hot water driving. After the steam drive, there are three types of remaining oil distribute regular pattern, whic is impacted by many affecting factors like pore configuration, wettability and interfacial tension.Fifthly, buildup and affect factors of super heavy oil distribution were analyzed from four aspects of microtecnotics, deposit microfacies, reservoir nonhomogeneity and developing techniques. It is pointed out that crude oil viscosity, formation physical properties difference, sand body rhythm and performation intervals are mainly factors controlling remaining oil distribution. Steam overlapping acting is the most important cause influencing super heavy remaining oil distribution.Finally, the quantity of remaining oil in each oil layer in Du229 bolck was calculated and 8 kinds of tapping measures of remaining oil were proposed, using petroleum reservoir engineering method. The selection standard and deployment scheme of infill horizontal wells was proposed and production effects of infill horizontal wells were analyzed. At the same time, using numerical simulation, the well spacing pattern, horizontal length, vertical distance between injecting and producing wells were optimized for the dual horizontal wells in the XingⅢ2 oil sand formation changed to SAGD development style. The study outcome has been applied in remaining oil digging on the spot, good results been achieved.更多还原